Abstract: In a method of growing single crystals from melt, the starting material is fused and a single crystal is pulled by crystallization of the melt on a seed crystal with controlled removal of the crystallization heat. Independent heating sources constituting thermal zones are used and constitute two equal-sized coaxial thermal zones which make up a united thermal area for the melt and the single crystal being grown and are separated by the melt starting material being carried out by heating the upper thermal zone with a heater 30-50% of power required for obtaining the melt, until in the upper thermal zone maximum temperature is reached The remaining power is supplied to the lower thermal zone to a lower heater with maintaining constant temperature of the upper thermal zone till complete melting of the charge. Single crystal enlargement and growing is conducted with controlled lowering of temperature in the upper thermal zone.

Abstract: A delivery pipe (1) for the transport of solids is described. The delivery pipe (1) has a double-layer pipe body (2) which has a coupling collar (7, 8) on the inlet-side pipe end (5) and on the outlet-side pipe end (6). A first wear ring (9) and a second wear ring (10) are provided in succession in the longitudinal direction of the pipe body (2) in the region of the inlet-side coupling collar (7). The second inner wear ring (10) has a length (L) which is sized greater than or equal to half the internal diameter (ID) of the pipe body (2). As a result, wear phenomena can be reduced in the inlet-side region of the delivery pipe (1) and the service life of the delivery pipe (1) can be increased considerably.

Abstract: An injection unit for an injection molding machine includes a screw cylinder, a plasticizing screw which can be driven therein axially and rotatably, the drive unit of which has an electric drive motor, a spindle drive coupled to the screw for the axial movement of the screw, and a rotary drive arranged coaxially with the spindle drive and allowing an axial displacement of the screw for the rotational movement of the screw. A differential gearing, is arranged between the drive motor, on the one hand, and spindle drive and rotary drive, on the other hand, with a differential cage, two driven gears and at least one compensating gear in between.

Abstract: A sensor device for measuring a magnetic field in the region of a primary part of a permanently excited electrical machine or a corresponding primary part having teeth includes a sensor metal plate for conducting a magnetic field, a spacer, and a sensor for measuring a magnetic field. A distance between the sensor metal plate and a flank of a tooth of the primary part can be created by the spacer. The sensor may be a Hall sensor and is arranged in a region of the sensor metal plate between the sensor metal plate and the primary part.

Abstract: An apparatus for overdrilling a buried line includes a rotatably driven thrust linkage and/or traction linkage, and has a forward end which is connected to a ring-shaped to hollow cylindrical overdrilling head which embraces the line. The overdrilling head is provided interiorly with a centering protrusion for spontaneous centering of the overdrilling head in concert with the line.

Abstract: A finned tube for the thermal cracking of hydrocarbons in the presence of steam is defined by a tube axis and includes a plurality of inner fins. The fins are inclined at an angle of 20° to 40° in relation to the tube axis and have a flank angle of 16° to 25°.

Abstract: The invention relates to an earth boring device including a housing which has at least one portion with an inner thread, and a threaded element which has a corresponding outer thread, wherein the threaded element is slotted and has a receptacle for a securing element which increases the outer diameter of the threaded element and the contact pressure of the threaded connection between threaded element and housing, when inserted in the receptacle.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for variation of a rated current which is specific of a motor by providing a rated current basic value signal (2) depending on a rated current basic value of the motor Irated, and by detecting an actual temperature Tact, providing a corresponding temperature signal (4), determining an actual rated current Iact depending on the rated current basic value signal (2) and the temperature signal (4), and providing a corresponding rated current signal (6). Additionally, the inventive method allows to determine the actual rated current depending on the speed of the motor. The invention also relates to a device for varying the rated current of a motor depending on a temperature and optionally depending on a speed of the motor. The inventive device can be used in a measuring system for determining the utilization rate and for monitoring the temperature of a motor.

Abstract: A plastics injection molding machine with an injection unit has an injection unit housing as central part of the injection unit, a plasticizing cylinder connected to the injection unit housing, a screw which is supported in the plasticizing cylinder for rotation to prepare injection material and for displacement to effect the injection stroke in axial direction, drive motors coupled to and generating the rotation and axial movements of the screw and supported on the injection unit housing via a motor flange, and an injection force measuring device for determining the injection force applied by the screw when executing its injection stroke, wherein the injection force measuring device includes at least one tensile force sensor which is integrated in the injection unit housing in such a manner that the reaction force of the injection force, as generated by the injection force and introduced via the motors and the motor flange into the injection unit housing, is detectable.

Abstract: In case there is a malfunction of the magnetic bearing in an electrical machine, in which such magnetic bearings drive a rotary shaft in a stator (10), a safety bearing (14,14?) is provided. According to the present invention, the safety bearing (14,14?) exhibits an outer ring (16,16?) that is mounted on the stator (10), inside of which a revolving ring (22,22?,26) is operated. The safety bearing according to the present invention is particularly suited for machines that have a particularly large and heavy shaft.

Abstract: The invention relates to a vehicle restraint system provided for delimiting roadways and including guide barriers (1) which are placed next to one another in a detachable manner. Each guide barrier (1) includes a housing-type base body (2) that can be placed upright on the ground and a guide rail (14) arranged above the base body (2). The guide rail (14) and the base body (2) can be coupled together by means of tension rods (19), wherein each tension rod (29) is connected to the guide rail (14) with an upper end (20) and can be tightened at a bottom end (22) in an abutment (23) arranged in the base body (2). The guide rail (14) and the base body (2) are suitably arranged at a vertical distance from one another by spacers (30), with the tension rod (19) extending through the spacers (30).

Abstract: A primary component for a linear motor includes at least one laminated core. A winding for creating a first magnetic field is arranged in the grooves of the laminated core. Permanent magnets create a second magnetic field and are arranged on the teeth of the laminated core. The primary component is provided for arrangement with a secondary component, and the primary component and the secondary component are spaced from each other by an air gap. The primary component includes a flat cover, arranged on the side of the primary component facing the air gap.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device (1) for cooling an electrical machine, in particular an electric motor, the electrical machine having a stator (3) with a stator core (31) and a rotor (4) having a rotor core (41) resting on a rotor shaft (5). Coil windings with axially protruding winding heads (6) are introduced in the stator core (31). According to the invention, the device has at least one cap ring (7) which can be cooled and through which the rotor shaft (5) is guided, the cap ring (7) which can be cooled taking up at least part of an annular intermediate space (ZR) which is in the axial region (BW) of a protruding winding head (6) and the rotor shaft (5). The invention relates to an electrical machine, in particular an asynchronous or synchronous motor, having such a cooling device.

Abstract: A liquid release agent for application in particular to a panel edge region provided, or to be provided, with a coating by means of an adhesive or by means of glue, the panel preferably being a furniture panel, and the agent comprising a white oil as its carrier fluid, is configured such that the release agent comprises an alcoholic solution.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device (10) which is used to place an object (1). The object (1) is placed on brushes (5,6), whereby a first part of the brushes (5) are in contact with the surface (4) of the object (1) and alternatively with a second part of the brushes (6). The invention also relates to a device (10) which is used to place an object (1) placed on brushes (5,6) enabling the object to (1) be positioned in a precise manner.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for determining the behavior of jointly movable shafts of a multi-shaft machine. According to said method, a simulation model is created individually for each shaft. The shafts are then impinged upon individually by a movement pattern, and measurable variables are detected in order to be able to make a statement about the transformation of the movement pattern by the shaft. Especially the setpoint position and the actual position of the shafts are recorded (cf. figure). Simulation model parameters, e.g. the inert mass of the shaft, the friction or elasticity of the shaft, can be defined based upon an analysis of the detected measurable variables, whereupon a coordinated movement of at least two shafts can be simulated, the behavior of the individual shafts being considered independent from the behavior of the other shaft. A simulated trajectory is generated. A characteristic variable, e.g.

Abstract: A permanent magnet (PM) rotor has a plurality of partial laminated stacks that are interspaced in the axial direction at a defined distance, thereby defining radial cooling slots. Permanent magnets are arranged in every partial laminated stack in inner pockets. The dimension of every permanent magnet in the axial direction does not or only insignificantly exceed the axial dimensions of the respective partial laminated stack. During assembly, the permanent magnets can be axially pushed through the inner pockets to the respective partial laminated stack (20). The rotor has a very high degree of efficiency.

Abstract: In a method and apparatus for thermal processing of catalytically active biomass, the biomass is subjected in a receiving tank to a cracking temperature to undergo a cracking reaction. The biomass is transferred to a mixer pump to produce a reaction mixture which is directed into an outgassing chamber of an intermediate tank to produce an outgassed fraction and a non-outgassed liquid fraction. The outgassed fraction to produce fuel is cooled down, and a first portion of the non-outgassed liquid fraction is returned and subjected again to the cracking temperature in the receiving tank. A second portion of the non-outgassed liquid fraction is conducted in a bypass to the outgassing chamber of the intermediate tank for outgassing while fresh biomass is added. Residual matter settling in the intermediate tank is periodically removed.

Abstract: A music string (1), in particular for bowing and/or plucking instruments, having at least a first play area (2), wherein the first play area is provided for the musician to induce tone-generating vibrations. To provide a sound character that is particularly balanced and open over the entire frequency range that can be used for playing and to provide particularly balanced handling characteristics, it is proposed that the first play area (2) has, under identical test conditions that can be predefined, at least a first area (3) having a first vibration behavior and a second area (4) having a second vibration behavior, and that the first vibration behavior is different from the second vibration area.

Abstract: The invention relates to a primary part (2) for an electrical machine (1), with the primary part (2) being formed at least from a laminated core (3) and having at least one element (11) for reduction of the force ripple adjacent to one or both of its respective end faces (S1, S2), with the element (11) being electrically conductive (?el>0) and having negligibly low magnetic permeability (?r?1).