Abstract: An extended drain 5W-40 motor oil composition for internal combustion engines comprises a base oil component of one or more solvent extracted mineral oils and a high refractory mineral oil, a V.I. improver, and preferably other suitable lube oil additives. The finished oil formulation has characteristics of minimal viscosity at low temperatures, low volatility at higher temperatures, and stable viscosity over extended use.

Abstract: Hot retorting gas for pyrolysis of kerogen in a bed of rubblized oil shale is supplied by a pressure pulsing technique.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for the preparation of oxidation catalysts containing mixed oxides of vanadium and phosphorus, which catalysts are particularly effective in the oxidation of n-butane, n-butenes, 1,3-butadiene or a mixture thereof with molecular oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas in the vapor phase to produce high yields of maleic anhydride with good selectivity. Vanadium phosphorus mixed oxide catalyst precursors prepared in solution in organic media are extracted from the organic media with water, with subsequent drying down to recover a precursor solid, or impregnation of a support with the aqueous solution.

Abstract: It has been found that the addition of small amounts of a benzoate or acetate ester of a polyfunctional hydroxy containing compound to an olefinic nitrile copolymer composition greatly increases the flowability and processibility of these thermoplastic copolymers.

Abstract: A process is provided for preparing supported catalysts by impregnating a pre-formed support with a solution of a metal alkoxide and contacting the impregnated support with a solution of at least one additional catalyst component. This process is particularly suitable for forming attrition resistant fluidizable catalysts. Catalysts prepared by this method are useful in various reaction processes, and may be utilized in oxidation processes such as the production of maleic anhydride from 4 carbon atom hydrocarbons.

Abstract: Novel sulfide, polysulfide, selenide and polyselenide compositions are provided which are useful as ionic conducting solid electrolytes. Electrical energy storage devices utilizing such electrolytes are also provided.

Abstract: A process is provided for the vapor phase hydrogenation of carboxylic acids to yield their corresponding alcohols in the presence of steam and a catalyst comprising the mixed oxides of ruthenium, at least one of cobalt, nickel, and optionally one of cadmium, zinc, copper, iron, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium and platinum. A process is further provided for the preparation of carboxylic acid esters from carboxylic acids in the absence of steam utilizing the above-identified catalysts.

Abstract: Vanadium phosphorus mixed oxide containing catalysts are prepared by sequentially forming an alpha-VOPO.sub.4 catalyst precursor in aqueous media, and thereafter partially reducing a portion of the vanadium to a valence state of +4 in an organic liquid reducing media, in the absence of corrosive reducing agents. The catalysts exhibit excellent activity for the production of maleic anhydride from 4 carbon atom hydrocarbons such as n-butane.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the preparation of oxidation catalysts containing mixed oxides of vanadium and phosphorus, which catalysts are particularly effective in the oxidation of n-butane, n-butenes, 1,3-butadiene or a mixture thereof with molecular oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas in the vapor phase to produce high yields of maleic anhydride with good selectivity. A vanadium compound is introduced into an olefinic oxygenated organic liquid medium, a phosphorus-containing compound is added to the medium, reduction of at least a portion of the vanadium to a +4 valence state is effected either prior to or subsequent to the addition of the phosphorus-containing compound, and the resulting vanadium-phosphorus oxide catalyst precursor is recovered, dried and calcined.

Abstract: A process is provided for the capture and storage of radiant energy in highly strained carbon containing ring structures of isomerizable compounds. The process includes exposing a photocatalyst containing a compound of a metal selected from Re, Ir, Rh, Ru, Os, Pt, Pd and mixtures thereof, to radiant energy in the presence of an isomerizable compound capable of forming strained intramolecular ring structures.

Abstract: Novel water insoluble polyamide esters are prepared from dicarboxylic acid diamide derivatives of terephthalic acid and a glycol. In one embodiment, nearly perfectly alternating polyamide esters are prepared in the presence of antimony (III) acetate.

Abstract: Cyclohexenyl and alkenyl aromatic compounds, such as cyclohexene and styrene, are prepared by a process comprising contacting a corresponding cyclohexyl or alkyl aromatic carboxylic acid, such as cyclohexyl carboxylic acid or 2-phenyl propionic acid, with a decarboxylation catalyst of the formulaM.sub.a M'.sub.b O.sub.xwherem is copper or a combination of copper and molybdenum, andM' is at least one promoter element, such as a Group IA element.

Abstract: Molded fiber-reinforced thermoplastic articles are prepared by a novel two-step process involving an in situ polymerization of monomers onto the fiber followed by compression molding of the product.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the oxidation of monoolefins with molecular oxygen to the corresponding olefin oxides, in the liquid phase in the presence of a catalyst comprising an organo-monovalent aurous complex.

Abstract: A process for the upgrading of synthesis gas is provided wherein olefin and oxygenated hydrocarbons, particularly alcohol and carboxylic acid, products predominate. The process includes contacting synthesis gas at elevated temperature and pressure in the presence of a catalyst comprising partially reduced ruthenium oxide and elemental gold. The products may be recovered and contacted with hydrogen at elevated temperature and pressure in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst to yield alkanes, alcohols and esters useful for fuels.

Abstract: The physical properties of a nitrile barrier resin, particularly the tensile modulus, heat distortion temperature and processability, are improved by including therein a carboxylic acid processing aid and an alkaline filler material.

Abstract: This invention relates to a supported catalyst and to the use of this catalyst in a process for the polymerization of alpha-olefins. The catalyst comprises a transition metal complex supported on an interpolymer comprising an alpha, beta-unsaturated dicarboxylic acid, anhydride or lower alkyl ester thereof, and one or more monomers copolymerizable therewith which has been treated with a Group IIA halide or alkyl halide. Preferred supports comprise maleic anhydride copolymers which have been treated with a magnesium compound.

Abstract: Rubblized oil shale beds to be processed by the modified in situ retorting technique are U-shaped so that the inlet end and outlet end of the bed communicate with a common channel.

Abstract: An electrochemical method is provided for maintaining the optimum activity of copper-containing catalysts for the production of amides from nitriles and water. Also provided is a process for producing amides from nitriles and water by hydrolysis.

Abstract: Moldable polyolefin compositions exhibiting improved heat distortion and modulus characteristics, and a method of preparing such compositions are described. The method of preparing these polyolefin compositions comprises reacting(a) a graft-modified polyolefin obtained by reacting a polyolefin with an unsaturated polycarboxylic acid, ester or anhydride which is graft-polymerizable therewith, and(b) at least one organic hydroxy compound. These polyolefin compositions can be reinforced with fibers, minerals and fillers for particular applications.