Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the preparation of oxidation catalysts containing mixed oxides of vanadium and phosphorus, which catalysts are particularly effective in the oxidation of n-butane, n-butenes, 1,3-butadiene or a mixture thereof with molecular oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas in the vapor phase to produce high yields of maleic anhydride with good selectivity. A vanadium compound is introduced into a liquid medium, a mixed phosphorus component comprising orthophosphoric acid and pyrophosphoric acid is added to the liquid medium, reduction of at least a portion of the vanadium to a +4 valence state is effected either prior to or subsequent to the addition of the mixed phosphorus component, and the resulting vanadium-phosphorus oxide catalyst precursor is recovered, dried and calcined.

Abstract: Olefins, carbon monoxide and hydrogen are catalytically reacted with rhodium catalysts to produce alcohols in a single step reaction.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for the preparation of oxidation catalysts containing mixed oxides of vanadium and phosphorus, which catalysts are particularly effective in the oxidation of n-butane, n-butenes, 1,3-butadiene or a mixture thereof with molecular oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas in the vapor phase to produce high yields of maleic anhydride with good selectivity. Vanadium phosphorus mixed oxide catalyst precursors prepared in solution in organic media are extracted from the organic media with water, with subsequent drying down to recover a precursor solid, or impregnation of a support with the aqueous solution.

Abstract: A synthetic resin laminated structure is produced by bonding together in a molten state a layer of a (I) nitrile barrier resin, (II) a layer of a polymer mixture comprising a nitrile barrier resin and a halogenated polyolefin, and (III) a layer of a thermoplastic resin. The thermoplastic resins useful in this invention include polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, polyvinylchlorides, styrene containing polymers such as ABS, SAN and polystyrene, polycarbonates, polyurethanes, polysulfones, polyamides and nitrile barrier resins.

Abstract: The invention herein is directed toward a method for forming a coating on the surface of a catalyst and includes the steps of dissolving a membrane forming compound in a hdyrocarbon solvent, adding the catalyst to the solvent and agitating to form a mixture and finally drying the mixture to form particles of the catalyst having a coating of the membrane forming compound. Particularly suitable for the polymerization of monoolefins are Ziegler-Natta catalyts which can be coated according to the foregoing method. The compounds forming the coating include the silicone greases obtained by mixing a filler material with a dimethylpolysiloxane fluid.

Abstract: The present invention is a catalyst composition consisting of oxides or oxide complexes that contains catalytically significant amounts of uranium or thorium plus, tungsten, vanadium and molybdenum plus optionally one or more of Co, Ni, Zn, Cu, Mg, Mn, Bi, Ti, Zr, Sn, P, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, lanthanum or an element of the lanthanoid series. These catalysts are especially useful for producing acrylic acid from acrolein and for producing methacrylic acid from methacrolein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of unsaturated aliphatic acids and the catalyst therefor, by the vapor phase oxidation of the corresponding unsaturated aliphatic aldehydes with molecular oxygen, optionally in the presence of steam, in the presence of an oxidation catalyst consisting of the oxides of the elements molybdenum, vanadium, and tungsten, plus at least one of the oxides selected from the group consisting of rhenium, and titanium and optionally one or more of the oxides of the elements manganese, iron, copper, tin, aluminum, cobalt, nickel, phosphorus, zinc, bismuth, silver, cadmium, niobium,arsenic, chromium, the alkali and the alkaline earth elements.

Abstract: Isobutyraldehyde is oxidized to methacrylic acid by contacting gaseous isobutyraldehyde with molecular oxygen at oxidative conditions in the presence of a catalyst of the empirical formula:Mo.sub.12 P.sub.0.1-3 Cu.sub.0.01-2 V.sub.0.01-3 M.sub.0.1-3 M'.sub.0.01-2 O.sub.xwhereM is at least one of K, Rb, Cs and Tl;M' is at least one of Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Nb and Sb; andx is a positive number that satisfies the valence requirements of the other elements present.

Abstract: Yields of liquid product produced by coking a feed material comprising a mixture of a shale oil material, a petroleum residuum and a hydrocracking catalyst, are enhanced by feeding hydrogen to the reaction system during the coking operation.

Abstract: Five-membered nitrogen-containing saturated heterocyclic compounds, e.g. pyrrolidone, can be prepared by the catalytic hydrogenation/amination of a five-membered heterocyclic anhydride or the corresponding acid. This reaction proceeds with high yields and selectivities when it is conducted in the presence of complex catalysts containing ruthenium.

Abstract: Physical properties particularly including tensile modulus and heat-distortion temperature of high nitrile copolymer resins are improved by including therein a processing aid, such as tetra chloro phthalic anhydride, and a filler material, such as clay.

Abstract: A method of precipitating a copolymer comprising maleic anhydride from a solution comprising an organic solvent, the method comprising mixing a solution of an organic solvent and a copolymer of maleic anhydride and a monomer copolymerizable therewith with hot water and agitating the resulting mixture for a sufficient period of time and at a sufficiently high shear rate to yield precipitated particles of said copolymer that are substantially free of internal organic solvent.

Abstract: The inclusion of a small amount of an ester-type plasticizer in the rubber polymerization recipe in the production of rubber-modified high nitrile copolymer resins produces resins having markedly improved impact resistance at both low and high temperatures.

Abstract: A process is provided for the preparation of fluid bed oxidation catalysts containing the mixed oxides of vanadium and phosphorus, comprising the steps of preparing the catalyst precursor, comminuting the precursor, introducing the precursor into water to form an aqueous slurry and spray drying the slurry. The resulting microspheroidal particles are excellent fluid bed catalysts for the preparation of maleic anhydride from 4-carbon atom hydrocarbons.

Abstract: The present invention provides improved oxidation catalysts containing mixed oxides of vanadium and phosphorus and the method for the preparation thereof, which catalysts are particularly effective in the oxidation of n-butane, n-butenes, 1,3-butadiene or a mixture thereof with molecular oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas in the vapor phase to produce excellent yields of maleic anhydride with very good selectivity. At least one vanadium compound, a substantial portion of which is in the pentavalent state, and at least one phosphorus-containing compound is added to an organic liquid medium capable of reducing at least a portion of the vanadium to a +4 valence state, to form a reaction mixture. Partial reduction of the vanadium is effected in the presence of the phosphorus-containing compound and a highly ordered and uniform mixed vanadium phosphorus oxide-containing catalyst precursor is formed.

Abstract: This invention is directed toward an improved carbon electrode having a coefficient of thermal expansion of less than 3.5.times.10.sup.-7. Composition of the electrode includes needle coke in an amount of from about 60 to 90 weight percent and a quinoline soluble binder pitch in an amount of from about 10 to 40 weight percent, having a ring and ball softening point of from about 94.degree. to 150.degree. C. consisting of a highly aromatic condensation product of a distilled cycle oil extract with an extractant selected from the group consisting of furfural, phenol, B,B'-dichloro diethyl ether, nitrobenzene and sulfur dioxide.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the preparation of oxidation catalysts containing mixed oxides of vanadium and phosphorus, which catalysts are particularly effective in the oxidation of n-butane, n-butenes, 1,3-butadiene or a mixture thereof with molecular oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas in the vapor phase to produce high yields of maleic anhydride with good selectivity. A vanadium compound is introduced into an olefinic halogenated organic liquid medium, a phosphorus-containing compound is added to the medium, reduction of at least a portion of the vanadium to a +4 valence state is effected either prior to or subsequent to the addition of the phosphorus-containing compound, and the resulting vanadium-phosphorus oxide catalyst precursor is recovered, dried and calcined.

Abstract: Polymeric compositions having high softening temperatures, good gas barrier properties and low creep properties are composed of an olefinically unsaturated nitrile, another monovinyl component and maleic anhydride and optionally a diene monomer.

Abstract: A fixed-bed catalytic material comprises iron impregnated Alundum carrying a coating of copper oxide on its outside surfaces. By means of the coating, the growth of carbon fibers as a result of the disproportionation of carbon monoxide is restricted to the interior surfaces of the catalyst particles.

Abstract: A process for the catalytic oxidation of olefins to unsaturated aldehydes and acids and the ammoxidation of olefins to unsaturated nitriles in which the catalyst comprises a promoted, reduced, antimony oxidemolybdenum oxide-containing catalyst.