Abstract: 2- or 6-fluoromethyl-3-pyridinecarboxylate derivatives with 5-(haloalkyl) carboxamide or 5-(haloalkyl)carbamate substitution, useful as herbicides and herbicide intermediates.

Abstract: Hemiketals and hemithioketals are produced by bringing into reactive contact an alcohol or mercaptan and an oxetan-2-one compound having the following structural formula: ##STR1## where Hal is a halogen.

Abstract: Fragments of the 35S promoter of cauliflower mosaic virus are disclosed which exhibit selective expression of chimeric plant genes in plant tissue. Promoter fragment A exhibits selective expression in root tissue and the radical of the seed. Promoter fragment B exhibits constitutive expression in plant tissue other than root tissue.

Abstract: Described herein is a process for preparation of substituted pyridine dicarboxylate compounds.

Abstract: Ammonium salt of methyl 4,4,4-trifluoro-3-oxobutanethioate (TMTFAA).

Abstract: Five subdomains of the CaMV35S promoter are provided that cause tissue specific and/or developmentally regulated expression of chimeric genes in plants. These subdomains act as promoters for use in transformed plant cells, seeds and transgenic plants. Some of the subdomains require fusion to domain A for expression. Subdomains B2, B3, B4, and B5 exhibit expression when fused to the minimal promoter sequence in mature plants whereas only B2 and B3 confer expression in seeds and only B2, B3 and B4 confer expression at the seedling stage of development. The combination of subdomains B4 and B5 confers expression at all stages of development as does the B1+TGACG motif combination when each combination is fused with the minimal promoter sequence. The nucleotide sequence and DNA molecule that function as the enhancers are provided.

Abstract: The tendency of herbicidal pyridinedicarbothioates to crystallize and thus to partially lose herbicidal activity when formulated into granules is reduced by including in the granules a small, effective amount of a diester of an alkylene dicarboxylic acid.

Abstract: Novel 3-difluoromethyl-1-methyl-N-(substituted-indane-4-yl)pyrazole-4-carboxamid es useful as fungicides, particularly effective in alleviating infections in diseased plants.

Abstract: A process for producing an aromatic thiolester by mixing an alkyl or aryl thiol with an alkali metal hydroxide aqueous solution and, in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst, reacting it with an aromatic acid halide. Diacid halides may be used to produce bisthiol esters.

Abstract: Described herein is a process for preparation of substituted pyridine dicarboxylate compounds.

Abstract: This invention relates to 1-aryl-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-5-carboxypyridazine derivatives which are not only useful as plant growth regulators and hybridizing agents for cereal crops but possess the additional utility of having an improved margin of safety as concerns plant injury and seed quality.

Abstract: Described herein is a process for dehydrohalogenation of substituted dihydropyridine dicarbothioate compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to certain substituted 5-carboxanilidothiazoles and their use as fungicides.

Abstract: The present invention relates to certain novel substituted 3-phenoxypyrazoles and their use as herbicides.

Abstract: This invention relates to chimeric genes which are capable of being expressed in plant cells. Such genes contain (a) a promoter region derived in a gene which is expressed in plant cells, such as the nopaline synthase gene; (b) a coding or structural sequence which is heterologous with respect to the promoter region; and (c) an appropriate 3' non-translated region. Such genes have been used to create antibiotic-resistant plant cells; they are also useful for creating herbicide-resistant plants, and plants which contain mammalian polypeptides.

Abstract: Detection of a cellular factor from pea and tobacco which binds to a repeated pentameric motif of TGACG present in the -90 to -60 region of the CaMV 35S promoter is disclosed. Also disclosed is a 21 bp promoter element which is capable of imparting root expression capability to a rbcS-3A promoter, normally a green tissue specific promoter.

Abstract: An improved method for the manufacture of a substituted 1,4-dihydro-4-oxopyridazine which comprises the step of reacting a glyoxyclic acid halide phenylhydrazone with 3-pyrrolidinyl-2-alkenoic acid ester.

Abstract: A method for regenerating soybean plants from cotyledonary nodes is disclosed. Soybean seeds are germinated on nutrient medium containing a cytokinin to produce a donor plant. The cotyledonary nodes of the donor plant are excised and divided into pieces. The cotyledonary node pieces are cultured on nutrient medium containing a cytokinin until callus tissue develops which contains shoots. The shoots are removed and rooted on nutrient medium free of exogenous hormone to form a plantlet.

Abstract: A transacting DNA binding factor is disclosed. The ASF-1 protein factor specifically binds to the sequence motif TGACG found upstream of the promoter in many plant genes. Co-expression of this protein factor augments the level of expression of the up-regulated promoter containing the TGACG motif.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are herbicidal pyridine compounds substituted at the 3- and/or 5-position with a carboxylic acid-derived heterocyclic moiety, as well as herbicidal compositions and use of these compounds.