Abstract: This application describes the addition of an alkali metal, generally in the form of a salt thereof, to a mixture of silver and cadmium oxide, prior to the sintering step, to improve the as-sintered densities of the resultant alloy material.

Abstract: An optical scanning apparatus for manufacturing cathode ray tubes having a faceplate with an inner surface layer of photosensitive material and an adjacent apertured mask wherein a light beam from a light source is applied to a deflection device controlled by a control circuit to effect deflection of the light beam at an angle related to the angle of incidence of an electron beam in a cathode ray tube. The deflected light beam is imaged onto the inner surface of the faceplate of the cathode ray tube through the apertured mask, and a device is provided for scanning the deflected light beam over the surface of the faceplate in a predetermined pattern to effect exposure of the photosensitive material in the proper locations for registration with the landing location of an electron beam in the cathode ray tube.

Abstract: One embodiment of the disclosed apparatus converges a beam of light to a point of focus and scans that point of focus through an arc at a predetermined radius. The beam of light is then imaged to another point of focus by a unitary power optical system. The second point of focus, therefore, also scans through an identical arc which is displaced by a selected distance along the optical axis from the first point of focus. A master mask for exposing a photoresist on a semiconductor wafer is located at the first point of focus and the semiconductor wafer whose layer of photoresist is to be exposed is located at the second point of focus. However, the mask and wafer are mounted in a different fixture which is radially translatable relative to the scanning beam of light so that a sequence of scans of the beam of light across the mask and wafer serves to illuminate all areas of the mask and to thereby image the information on the mask onto the photoresist layer on the semiconductor wafer.

Abstract: This application describes a process for the catalytic reduction of sulfur dioxide in gas streams containing sulfur dioxide to elemental sulfur using a reducing gas such as hydrogen or, preferably, carbon monoxide, in a reactor charged with a material represented by the formula Ln.sub.2 O.sub.3 . Co.sub.2 O.sub.3, where Ln is either Y or Gd.In a further aspect of this invention, a gas stream containing hydrogen sulfide or carbonyl sulfide and sulfur dioxide is passed through a reaction chamber charged with Ln.sub.2 O.sub.3 . Co.sub.2 O.sub.3, where Ln is either Y or Gd, to catalytically produce at a sufficiently elevated temperature elemental sulfur with concomitant reduction of the concentrations of the undesired hydrogen sulfide or carbonyl sulfide and sulfur dioxide.

Abstract: A logic level converter converts an input signal having first and second voltage levels to an output signal having first and third voltage levels in which the voltage excursion of the output signal is greater than that of the input signal. The converter comprises first and second cross-coupled inverters in which the second inverter provides the output signal and is biased with respect to the first and third voltage levels and in which the first inverter is biased with respect to the third voltage level and the digital input signal. A voltage divider is associated with the first inverter to insure sufficient voltage swing for proper switching of the inverters. The inverters have dissimilar gains to insure that when the inverters are biased at equal voltages, the inverters always assume a predetermined state. The converter is implemented with PMOS field effect transistors and includes capacitors for increasing switching speed.

Abstract: A primary electrochemical cell is described which is capable of achieving high discharge currents. The primary electrochemical cell incorporates a novel cathode structure. That cathode structure has a cathode current collector which is comprised with a plurality of electrically interconnected layers of a porous metallic material such as a nickel screen. Interposed between the layers of the cathode current collector are layers of globules of a cathode material. This material has a composition of from about 40 to 99 weight percent of carbon black, at least 1 weight percent of a mechanical binder which is inert in the primary electrochemical cell and the remainder is graphite. When such a cathode structure is incorporated into a primary electrochemical cell, two features are obtained which contribute to the high discharge current capability of the cell.

Abstract: An improved optical fiber coupler for use with eccentrically mounted optical fibers is disclosed in which a V-groove coupler block is utilized for receiving and locating the mating pair of connectors. The connectors are circularly cylindrical and each lies in an end of a V-groove recess. The V-groove at one end of the coupler block is offset relative to the V-groove at the other end by the incorporation of a thin shim on one of the faces of the V-groove. The thickness of the shim determines the amount of offset.

Abstract: The signal path between the input and output of a baseband video switch has a control point to which a signal representative of a switch control signal and a switchable constant current source are coupled. A pair of diodes and a switchable, high impedance buffer are disposed in series between the input terminal and the control point. A diode and a switchable driver are connected in series between the control point and the output terminal. A biasing arrangement responsive to the control signal biases the control point, and the current source. When the control signal is of one level, the diode junctions disposed in the path of the video signal are reverse-biased and the current source is off. When the control signal is of the other level, the diode junctions are forward-biased and the constant current source is on. A resistor load coupled between the input terminal and the control point provides a load for the signal when the switch is off.

Abstract: A transducer converts an acoustic signal into a digital pulse code signal through optical encoding techniques. A pulsed light source emits a beam of light along a predetermined path. A digital optical encoder is located in the path and emits a digitally encoded light beam having regions in which light is present and regions in which there is an absence of light. A rotatable mirror which is located in the path of the encoded beam is connected to a diaphragm so that the angle of deflection of the encoded beam is a function of the acoustic signal. An array of digitally encoded photoconductive elements is located in the path of the deflected encoded beam. Threshold circuitry monitors the variation in the resistance of the photoconductive elements and produces an N bit digital pulse code representative of the magnitude and polarity of the acoustic signal during each occurrence of a pulsed light beam.

Abstract: Electrochemical cells having an oxidizable active anode material, a solid metallic cathode current collector, and an electrolytic solution between and in contact with the anode and the cathode current collector, the electrolytic solution comprising a liquid covalent inorganic oxyhalide or thiohalide solvent and a solute dissolved therein, the inorganic solvent being the sole oxidant material and sole solvent material in the cell.The cathode comprises a solid, non-consumable, electrically conducting, inert current collector upon the surface of which the inorganic solvent is electorchemically reduced, whereby the inorganic solvent in conjunction with the oxidizable anode serves as a source of electrical energy during operation of the cell.

Abstract: A television display system is described in which a full resolution, interlaced scanned display of real-time images is provided on a bistable matrix display panel. The display system has a gray scale with 64 discrete levels of brightness. The brightness levels are achieved with each panel cell turning on for one of 63 different accumulative intervals of time in response to digitized TV signals. From zero to six separate pulses of light are produced from each cell. The durations of these pulses form a geometric progression such that each of the sixty-four possible combinations of pulses has a distinct cumulative time interval. The analog TV signal is converted to a 6-bit digital word for each cell of the display panel. A memory and control system are provided for storage of the words. The least significant bit of the digitized TV signal controls the shortest pulse for the particular cell, and the most significant bit controls the longest pulse.

Abstract: A white light source is described in which a trivalent metallic ultraphosphate is irradiated with a low voltage electron beam. The metallic ions are generally restricted to the lanthanide rare earth ions and yttrium. The material so irradiated emits light in a spectral continuum centered in the visible portion of the electro-magnetic spectrum. This emission is, however, in addition to any narrow bandwidth light emission of the type generally associated with a transition of the metallic ion involving the electrons of the 4f shell.

Abstract: In a light source excited with power at a high frequency, an electrodeless lamp is located in a termination fixture comprising an inner and outer conductor, the lamp being located at the end of the inner conductor. An internal tuning element is located within the fixture for creating a resonant condition when the lamp is to be started to create a maximum electric field for initiating breakdown and excitation of the fill material within the lamp. The tuner may comprise a variable capacitance coupled in parallel across the conductors at the power input end of the fixture or a variable inductance connected across the conductors at the lamp end of the fixture.

Abstract: A tunable microwave cavity permits adjustment of the penetration of a power coupling probe into the main cavity by adjusting a grounded element of the cavity. A pair of conductive tubes are in telescoping relationship and have mutually engaging threads so that a rotation of one tube causes one tube to pass over the other. A first one of the tubes is mounted to the main cavity and around an aperture in the cavity wall. A power coupling connector is mounted with the second tube, and a rotating electrical contactor is disposed between the outer conductor of the connector and the second tube so that the connector does not rotate with the second tube. A power coupling probe affixed to the end of the inner conductor of the connector assumes various penetration depths within the main cavity in response to a rotation of the second tube. The cavity may be used in a light source including a high frequency power source and an electrodeless lamp disposed in the main cavity.

Abstract: A light source includes an electrodeless lamp having an envelope for enclosing a volatile fill material which emits light upon vaporization and excitation, a source of power at a high frequency and a termination fixture coupled to the source. The fixture has inner and outer conductors which have dimensions such that the lamp is located in the high field region at the end of the conductors. When the high frequency power is applied to the fixture, a voltage standing wave is formed which initiates vaporization and excitation of the fill material. The termination load impedance which is that of the lamp changes from a lossy open circuit to a finite value when vaporization and excitation occur. An impedance matching device is provided for matching the running lamp impedance to the output impedance of the source.

Abstract: Thin film epitaxial layers of mixed oxide compounds, or of solid solutions of two mixed oxides, are deposited on a suitable single crystal substrate. Growth is achieved by introducing the substrate into a crucible containing a saturated solution of the oxide(s) in a molten alkali metal halide having additional undissolved oxide(s) present in the crucible. Evaporation of the alkali metal halide solvent produces and/or maintains the supersaturated condition, which is relieved by epitaxial deposition of the oxide(s) onto the substrate. When two mixed oxides are dissolved in the solvent, the composition of the film is determined and fixed by the temperature of growth. To produce a thin film of a constant composition, growth is conducted isothermally. To produce a thin film with a graded composition throughout its thickness, growth is conducted by slowly cooling the temperature of the solution.

Abstract: A light source includes a source of high frequency power, an electrodelsss lamp and a termination fixture for coupling power to the lamp, the fixture having an outer conductor and an inner conductor whose length is adjustable for providing dynamic matching of the impedance of the lamp during the operating mode to the output impedance of the source. Variations in the power level from the source, such as is desirable in providing lamp brightness selectivity, vary both the real and imaginary components of the lamp impedance, and corresponding adjustments of the inner conductor length provide a tuning technique to compensate for these variations.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for forming an optical fiber connector are described. The optical fiber connector is formed by locating a main body for the connector so that a predetermined relationship is established between an axis and at least two external surfaces of the main body. The optical fiber is then positioned in a precise position with respect to the axis; hence, it is also precisely located relative to the two external surfaces. Finally, the optical fiber is secured firmly to the main body. The optical fiber connector so formed is capable of being mated to another similarly mounted optical fiber connector by use of the two external surfaces to provide a highly efficient optical coupling junction.

Abstract: Electrochemical cells having an oxidizable anode material, such as lithium, a cathode material, such as carbon or (C.sub.4 F).sub.n, upon the surface of which the solvent material is electrochemically reduced during operation of the cell, and an electrolytic solution comprising an inorganic solvent and a solute dissolved therein. The electrolytic solution further contains an additive such as sulfur monochloride (S.sub.2 Cl.sub.2), which is capable of dissolving any sulfur generated during operation of the cell and which is unreactive with the other components of the cell.

Abstract: Thionyl chloride electrolyte having less than about 1 ppm water contamination is prepared by mixing dry thionyl chloride solvent with sulfuryl chloride electrolyte having less than about 1 ppm water contamination and then removing the sulfuryl chloride.