Abstract: A process for the liquid phase adsorptive separation of phenylalanine from a fermentation broth containing phenylalanine salts, carbohydrates, amino acids and organic acids. The feed is contacted, at a pH of 4.5-6.5, with a hydrophobic polar, porous synthetic adsorbent, such as Amberlite XAD-7, whose functional groups have a dipole moment of 1.6-2.0, to selectively adsorb the phenylalanine onto said adsorbent to the substantial exclusion of the other feed components and recovering phenylalanine by desorbing with water, an alcohol, a ketone or an ester.

Abstract: An organic acid is separated from a fermentation broth by using an adsorbent comprising a water-insoluble macroreticular or gel weakly basic anionic exchange resin possessing tertiary amine or pyridine functional groups or a strongly basic anionic exchange resin possessing quaternary amine functional groups. The resins are in sulfate form and have a cross-linked acrylic or styrene resin matrix. The organic acid is desorbed with water or dilute inorganic acid, e.g., sulfuric. The pH of the feed is maintained below the first ionization constant (pKa.sub.1) of the organic acid to obtain high selectivity.

Abstract: Lactic acid is separated from a fermentation broth by using an adsorbent comprising a water-insoluble macroreticular or gel weakly basic anionic exchange resin possessing tertiary amine or pyridine functional groups or a strongly basic anionic exchange resin possessing quaternary amine fuctional groups. The resins are in sulfate form and have a cross-linked acrylic or styrene resin matrix. Lactic acid is desorbed with water or dilute inorganic acid, e.g., sulfuric. The pH of the feed is maintained below the ionization constant (pKa) of lactic acid to obtain high selectivity.

Abstract: A chromatographic process able to separate para-xylene frpm C.sub.8 isomers and C.sub.9 aromatics. In the process, the para-xylene-containing feed mixture is contacted with an X or Y zeolite adsorbent having Group IA or IIA cations, e.g., barium and/or potassium, at exchangeable cationic sites. The para-xylene components are selectively adsorbed onto the adsorbent. The non-adsorbed feed is then removed from the adsorbent and the para-xylene recovered by desorption with tetralin or alkyl derivatives of tetralin. The C.sub.9 's and the other xylene isomers in the raffinate, can be separated from this heavy desorbent by fractionation of the raffinate and the desorbent recycled to the process.

Abstract: This invention comprises a process for separating 3,5-diethyltoluene from a feed mixture comprising 3,5-diethyltoluene and at least one isomer thereof, which process comprises contacting the mixture at adsorption conditions with an adsorbent comprising an X zeolite cation exchange with a K cation, thereby selectively adsorbing the 3,5-diethyltoluene. The remainder of the feed mixture is removed by desorption at desorption conditions with a desorbent material comprising a monocyclic alkyl-substituted aromatic hydrocation, e.g., p- or m-diethylbenzene or p-cymene and optionally, a diluent, e.g., isooctane.

Abstract: A chromatographic process able to separate para-xylene from C.sub.8 isomers and C.sub.9 aromatics. In the process, the para-xylene-containing feed mixture is contacted with an X or Y zeolite adsorbent having Group IA or IIA cations, e.g., barium and/or potassium at exchangeable cationic sites. The para-xylene is selectively adsorbed onto the adsorbent. The feed is then removed from the adsorbent and the para-xylene recovered by desorption with diethyltoluene. The C.sub.9 's and the other xylene isomers in the raffinate, can be separated from this heavy desorbent by fractionation of the raffinate and the desorbent recycled to the process. The preferred desorbents are 2,3-diethyltoluene, 2,5-diethyltoluene and 2,6-diethyltoluene.

Abstract: A process for the separation of 2,7 DIPN from a hydrocarbon feed mixture comprising 2,7 DIPN and one or more other DIPN isomers, which process employs an adsorbent, comprising a type Y zeolite, dried to an LOI less than 10% which has been at least partially cation exchanged, at exchangeable sites, with potassium. The 2,7 DIPN thereafter is removed from the adsorbent by contacting it with an aromatic hydrocarbon desorbent material, comprising a xylene, e.g., para-xylene, benzene or toluene at desorbent conditions, and is recovered as an extract product stream. In a preferred embodiment, the process uses a simulated moving-bed countercurrent flow system.

Abstract: Glucose is separated from mixtures with mannose and other saccharides by adsorption on low aluminum Y-type zeolites, i.e., having up to about 50 atoms of aluminum per unit cell and desorbing the adsorbate with water. Glucose is removed from the adsorption process in the raffinate.

Abstract: A process for separating the isomers of dichlorobenzene from a feed mixture of the same. Separation of the isomers is effected by selective absorption and desorption and is susceptible to various flow schemes for performing continuous adsorptive separations. The process uses an X-type zeolite adsorbent having a mixture of sodium and potassium ions in the exchangeable cationic sites. The desorbent may be an alkyl benzene, such as toluene, xylene, p-diethylbenzene, etc.

Abstract: The separation of normal paraffins from non-normal hydrocarbons wherein the paraffins have from about 10 to about 35 carbon atoms per molecule, using a molecular sieve adsorbent having an effective channel diameter of about 5 angstroms wherein an improvement in the process comprises passing a non-normal hydrocarbon input stream into the adsorption zone at adsorption conditions to promote the selective adsorption of the straight chain hydrocarbon constituents of the feed material in contact with the adsorbent in preference to the lighter straight chain hydrocarbon constituents of the desorbent material also in contact with adsorbent.

Abstract: The chromatographic adsorption separation of coumarone from indene-containing coal tar distillate feed mixtures with an alkali metal (Group IA) exchanged X-zeolite and polar materials, e.g., ketones, alcohols or esters as desorbents. Also disclosed is a process for separating a coumarone-indene coextract with sodium-exchanged Y zeolite and toluene as desorbent.

Abstract: An adsorptive separation process for separating sterols from a feed mixture, especially one that is acid-free, containing sterols, e.g., tan oil, wool fat, etc., which process comprises contacting the feed mixture with an adsorbent comprising magnesium silicate (Florisil), selectively adsorbing substantially all of the sterols to be separated to the substantial exclusion of the other components and thereafter recovering high purity sterols. The adsorbed sterols are desorbed with methyl-t-butyl ether (MtBE), which is superior, as a desorbent, to previously used aromatic liquids, e.g., toluene and chlorobenzene. An especially suitable acid-free feed is produced from crude tall oil, without the need for pitching, by a liquid-liquid extraction with DMSO and hexane solvents added to the top and bottom of the extraction column, respectively, and feed introduced at an intermediate zone.

Abstract: An adsorptive separation process useful in the purification of alpha naphthol-containing feed mixtures, said process comprising the employment of a type X, type Y or a de-aluminated type Y zeolite material and a desorbent material comprising a primary alcohol or an alkyl ester.

Abstract: The separation of polyunsaturated triglycerides from monounsaturated triglycerides and polyunsaturated fatty acids from monounsaturated fatty acids is performed by an adsorptive chromatographic process in liquid phase using silver- or copper-exchanged aluminosilicates as the adsorbent. The exchange ions limit deactivation of the desorbent to a substantial degree, but batchwise or continuous regeneration can be further practiced to maintain active adsorbent by treatment with hydrogen peroxide or an organic peroxide.

Abstract: The polyurethanes and polyureas resulting from ambient-temperature-curing isocyanate-terminated urethane prepolymers with N-alkyl-substituted aromatic polyamines and, optionally, with an added polyol, but primary amine-free, in the presence of a combination catalyst comprising an aliphatic carboxylic acid, e.g., adipic, stearic, oleic acids, and an organometallic catalyst containing, e.g., tin, mercury, bismuth, etc. are broadly useful as coating on the surface of objects made of metal, wood, glass, plastic or masonry materials such as concrete, bricks, etc. or as castings cured in situ. One-shot and quasi-prepolymer systems are also disclosed. The diamine N,N'-di-(sec-butyl)-4,4'-methylenedianiline is a particularly useful diamine.

Abstract: A chromatographic process able to separate para-ethyltoluene from feed mixtures of C.sub.8 and/or C.sub.9 aromatic hydrocarbons. In the process, the para-ethyltoluene-containing feed mixture is contacted with a Y zeolite adsorbent having potassium at exchangeable cationic sites. The para-ethyltoluene is selectively adsorbed onto the adsorbent. The non-adsorbed components of the feed are then removed from the adsorbent and the para-ethyltoluene recovered by desorption with tetralin or alkyl or dialkyl derivatives of tetralin or alkyl derivatives of naphthalene. The other C.sub.9 's and the xylene isomers in the raffinate and p-ethyltoluene in the extract can be separated from the heavy desorbent by fractionation of the raffinate or extract and the desorbent recycled to the process.

Abstract: A process for separating 3,5-diethyltoluene (3,5-DET) and/or 2,6-diethyltoluene (2,6-DET) from a feed mixture comprising at least one isomer from the group 3,5- and 2,6-diethyltoluene and at least one other isomer thereof, which process comprises contacting the mixture at adsorption conditions with an adsorbent comprising an X zeolite, cation exchanged with a mixture of barium and potassium or sodium, lithium, barium or copper cations or mixtures thereof or a Y zeolite cation exchanged with barium, calcium, sodium, potassium or copper cations or mixtures thereof, thereby selectively adsorbing one or more of said isomers and removing one or more relatively non-adsorbed isomer(s) from contact with the adsorbent. 2,6-diethyltoluene is the most strongly adsorbed isomer with certain adsorbents and is recovered by desorption at desorption conditions with a desorbent material comprising a monocyclic alkyl-substituted aromatic hydrocarbon, e.g.

Abstract: A process for the separation of the para-isomer from a hydrocarbon feed mixture comprising at least two bi-alkyl substituted monocyclic aromatic isomers, including the para-isomer, said isomers having from 8 to about 18 carbon atoms per molecule which process employs an adsorbent comprising a sodium Y zeolite or a sodium Y zeolite which has been at least partially cation exchanged, at appropriate conditions, with an element chosen from Groups IB or VIII of the Periodic Table, such as nickel or copper, to preferentially adsorb the bi-alkyl substituted monocyclic aromatic isomers, in preference to the para-isomer. The para-isomer thereafter is removed from the process via the raffinate stream and the adsorbed isomers are removed from the adsorbent by contact with a desorbent material and are recovered as a product stream. In a preferred embodiment the process uses a simulated moving-bed countercurrent flow system and a paradiethylbenzene desorbent.

Abstract: A process for the separation of 2,7 DIPN from a hydrocarbon feed mixture comprising 2,7 DIPN and one or more other DIPN isomers, which process employs an adsorbent, comprising a type Y zeolite, dried to an LOI less than 10% which has been at least partially cation exchanged, at exchangeable sites, with potassium. The 2,7 DIPN thereafter is removed from the adsorbent by contacting it with a desorbent material, comprising toluene, at desorbent conditions, and is recovered as an extract product stream. In a preferred embodiment, the process uses a simulated moving-bed countercurrent flow system.

Abstract: Salts of citric acid are separated from a fermentation broth by a two-step process utilizing an adsorbent comprising a water-insoluble, macroreticular gel, weakly basic, anionic exchange resin possessing tertiary amine functional groups or pyridine functional groups, said anionic exchange resin comprising a crosslinked acrylic or styrene resin matrix and a desorbent comprising water or dilute sulfuric acid. The pH of the feed, a fermentation broth, containing citric acid, is adjusted and maintained below the first ionization constant (pKa.sub.1) of citric acid to maintain selectivity in the first step wherein citric acid is adsorbed onto the adsorbent. Then, citric acid is converted to a salt by a reaction with an aqueous alkaline liquid solution and is eluted immediately at the void volume in the alkaline solution.