Abstract: Method of producing ethylene dichloride characterized by reaction of ethylene and chlorine in a reaction zone containing a circulating medium and maintained below the vaporization point of the medium, and utilization of the heat from the reaction to vaporize and rectify a portion of the circulating medium in another zone to recover the product.

Abstract: A process for the production of cis and trans isomers of compounds having the formula ##STR1## in which R, R' and R" are independently hydrogen or alkyl groups having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, comprising(a) reacting the corresponding cis or trans isomer of a compound having the formula ##STR2## in which Q is an alkyl group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, with paraformaldehyde and(b) hydrolyzing the resulting product to produce the unsaturated alcohol.

Abstract: Novel compounds having the formula ##STR1## in which X is (H).sub.2 or (CH.sub.3).sub.2 ; Y is oxygen or sulfur; R.sub.1 is alkyl, lower alkenyl, cyclopropyl, lower alkoxy, thio-lower alkyl or ##STR2## R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are independently hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, or lower alkoxy and n is 0 or 1. The compounds have been found to possess herbicidal activity.

Abstract: Algae are controlled or inhibited by application of an algicidally effective amount of the compound 3-(4-tolylsulfonyl)acrylonitrile.

Abstract: Compounds having the formula ##STR1## in which R is lower alkyl; X is halogen or lower alkyl; m is 1 or 2; and n is 0, 1, 2 or 3, are effective biocides or biostats for protection of plastic or polymeric materials against attack by microorganisms, and for controlling or inhibiting the growth of algae.

Abstract: New compounds having the formula ##STR1## in which n is 0 or 1; X is halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl, trifluoromethyl or carboethoxy; Y and Z are independently hydrogen, lower alkyl, halo-lower alkyl, thio(halo-lower alkyl), lower alkoxy, nitro, cyano or halogen; provided that:if X is carboethoxy, Z in halogen and Y is hydrogen or halogen; andif Y and Z are both halogen, X is halogen, trifluoromethyl or carboethoxy.These compounds have been found to exhibit herbicidal properties.

Abstract: Dichloroacetylamides selected from the group consisting of:(a) N,N-diallyldichloroacetamide, and(b) N-dichloroacetyl oxazolidines having the formula ##STR1## in which R is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl are produced in a continuous circulating process by reaction of dichloroacetyl chloride with respectively N,N-diallylamine or an oxazolidine having the formula ##STR2## in the presence of an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide. The conduct of this process in a continuous circulating fashion produces the desired amide in greater yield than by the heretofore practiced batch processes.

Abstract: New compounds having the formula ##STR1## in which n is 0 or 1; X is halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl, trifluoromethyl or carboethoxy; Y and Z are independently hydrogen, lower alkyl, halo-lower alkyl, thio(halo-lower alkyl), lower alkoxy, nitro, cyano or halogen; provided that:if X is carboethoxy, Z is halogen and Y is hydrogen or halogen; andif Y and Z are both halogen, X is halogen, trifluoromethyl or carboethoxy.These compounds have been found to exhibit herbicidal properties.

Abstract: Compounds having the formula ##STR1## in which X is hydrogen, chloro or bromo; R is hydrogen or lower alkanoyl; R.sub.1 is lower alkyl, cyclopropyl or NR.sub.3 R.sub.4 ; R.sub.2 is hydrogen or lower alkanoyl; and R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are independently hydrogen or lower alkyl, are useful as herbicides, primarily for post-emergent application.

Abstract: A mixture of the insecticides fenvalerate and phosmet in a weight ratio of from 20:1 to 100:1 has been found to produce synergistic insecticidal effect, particularly against the Colorado potato beetle.

Abstract: In a process for production of 1,2-dichloroethane by reaction of chlorine and ethylene at temperatures between about 85.degree. C. and about 160.degree. C. conducted in the presence of a liquid medium in which a recycle stream of 1,2-dichloroethane containing chloroprene and optionally other incompletely chlorinated C.sub.4 hydrocarbons is introduced into the chlorination reaction system, the improvement comprising subjecting the recycle 1,2-dichloroethane to controlled chlorination by contacting it with a chlorination agent in such a manner and under such conditions as to partially chlorinate the chloroprene contained therein to produce a chlorinated derivative thereof, fractionating the thus treated 1,2-dichloroethane to separate chlorinated derivates of chloroprene therefrom, and introducing the thus purified 1,2-dichloroethane recycle into the chlorination reactor.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel herbicidal compounds having the formula ##STR1## in which X is chloro, bromo, trifluoromethyl, methyl or ethyl; R.sub.1 is hydrogen or C.sub.3 -C.sub.5 alkenyl; and R.sub.2 is (a) C.sub.3 -C.sub.5 alkenyl if R.sub.1 is C.sub.3 -C.sub.5 alkenyl; (b) C.sub.3 -C.sub.5 alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.5 alkenyl or C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 alkynyl if X is chloro, methyl, ethyl or trifluoromethyl and R.sub.1 is hydrogen; and (c) C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.5 alkenyl or C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 alkynyl if X is bromo and R.sub.1 is hydrogen.These compounds have been found to exhibit herbicidal properties.

Abstract: Novel organoaluminum compounds having the formula XYA1 ##STR1## in which X is a halogen, Y is an alkyl group having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a phenyl group or a halogen, R is an alkyl group having from 2 to 9 carbon atoms, and n is an integer from 1 to 20. These compounds are less viscous and more soluble in hydrocarbon solvents than are corresponding ethylene-based or butadiene-based compounds. The novel compounds are prepared by the reaction of alkylaluminum dihalides or aluminum trihalides with a terminal olefin having from 3 to 10 carbon atoms in the presence of aluminum metal.

Abstract: Compounds having the formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 is alkyl, lower alkenyl, chloro-lower alkyl, lower cycloalkyl, lower alkoxy, thio-lower alkyl, or ##STR2## R.sub.2 is hydrogen, lower alkoxyalkyl or lower alkanoyl; R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are independently hydrogen, lower alkyl or lower alkoxy; X and Y are independently chloro, fluoro or bromo; Z is hydrogen, methyl, dimethyl, or one methyl and one chloro substituent; and n is 0 or 1. The compounds have utility as herbicides, particularly as post-emergence herbicides.

Abstract: This invention relates to the novel compound N-4-(2',2'-dichlorocyclopropyl)phenyl 2"-iodobenzamide, having the formula ##STR1## which has been found useful as a fungicide.

Abstract: Insecticidal or miticidal compounds have the formula ##STR1## in which R is selected from the group consisting of 1-4 carbon alkoxy, phenyloxy, and 1-6 carbon alkylthio;R.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of 1-4 carbon alkyl, and 1-4 carbon alkoxy;R.sub.2 is 1-6 carbon alkoxy;X is hydrogen or methyl; andY is sulfur or oxygen.

Abstract: Compounds having the formula ##STR1## in which X is selected from the group consisting of sulfur and oxygen;R is selected from the group consisting of 1-4 carbon alkyl and 1-6 carbon alkoxy; andR.sub.1 is 1-6 carbon alkoxyare useful as insecticides and miticides.

Abstract: Novel compounds having the formula ##STR1## in which R is thio(halo-lower alkyl) or 3,4-dichlorophenyl, having bactericidal and/or fungicidal properties.

Abstract: N-acyl substituted oxazolidines having the formula ##STR1## in which R is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 haloalkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 thioalkyl or C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 haloalkenyl; R.sub.1 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, phenyl or substituted phenyl, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.6 are independently hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl and R.sub.5 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl or phenyl, are prepared by the reaction of a 2-hydroxyethylamide having the formula ##STR2## with an acetal or ketal having the formula ##STR3## in which R.sub.7 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, in the presence of an acid catalyst.

Abstract: Oxychlorination of ethylene is carried out using a three-reactor system containing beds of a catalyst comprising a spherical, high-surface area activated alumina impregnated with cupric chloride and potassium chloride. In the first two reactors, the catalyst bed is divided into two sections, with a more active catalyst in the lower section than in the upper. The catalyst is substantially undiluted with inert particles.A new catalyst for such a process is also provided.