Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the preparation of oxidation catalysts containing mixed oxides of vanadium and phosphorus, which catalysts are particularly effective in the oxidation of n-butane, n-butenes, 1,3-butadiene or a mixture thereof with molecular oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas in the vapor phase to produce high yields of maleic anhydride with good selectivity. A vanadium compound is introduced into a liquid medium, a mixed phosphorus component comprising orthophosphoric acid and pyrophosphoric acid is added to the liquid medium, reduction of at least a portion of the vanadium to a +4 valence state is effected either prior to or subsequent to the addition of the mixed phosphorus component, and the resulting vanadium-phosphorus oxide catalyst precursor is recovered, dried and calcined.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
June 16, 1982
Date of Patent:
January 31, 1984
Assignee:
The Standard Oil Company
Inventors:
Patricia R. Blum, Ernest C. Milberger, Noel J. Bremer, Dennis E. Dria
Abstract: Polyamides containing as much as 50 mole percent nylon-3 units in at least a partially alternating system and exhibiting high glass transition temperatures (Tg) can be prepared from N,N'-terephthaloyldi-beta-alanine and a diamine, such as bis(p-aminocyclohexyl)methane. Properties of such polyamides can be controlled by choice of the diamine and the preparation temperature without loss of the high Tg. The polyamides of this invention exhibit utility in comfort fiber applications.
Abstract: Rubblized oil shale beds to be processed by the modified in situ retorting technique are U-shaped so that the inlet end and outlet end of the bed communicate with a common channel.
Abstract: A process is described for the recovery and purification of an olefinic nitrile, such as methacrylonitrile, from mixtures of said olefinic nitrile with hydrogen cyanide, acetonitrile, acrylonitrile, and carbonyl compounds, which result from the ammoxidation of an olefin, such as isobutylene. The mixtures of olefinic nitrile are fed to an extractive distillation column at a point above the middle of the column, a vapor sidestream is removed at a point below the middle of the extractive distillation column said sidestream containing substantially all of the hydrogen cyanide, acetonitrile and carbonyl compounds and then concentrating the hydrogen cyanide, acetonitrile and carbonyl compounds in a stripping pot.
Abstract: Catalysts containing iron, molybdenum, bismuth and nickel, cobalt, magnesium, zinc, cadmium, calcium or beryllium have been found to give especially large volumes of acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile in a given time when manganese, antimony, thorium, zirconium, yttrium or mixtures thereof are incorporated into the catalyst.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
August 17, 1981
Date of Patent:
March 22, 1983
Assignee:
The Standard Oil Co.
Inventors:
Robert K. Grasselli, Dev D. Suresh, Harley F. Hardman
Abstract: The heavy organic material contained in the liquid bottoms from the quench column of an acrylonitrile recovery and purification system is extracted therefrom using acetonitrile as the extractant.
Abstract: Certain multiply promoted Sn-Sb oxides are superior catalysts for the ammoxidation of olefins to the corresponding unsaturated nitriles, the selective oxidation of olefins to unsaturated aldehydes and acids, and the oxydehydrogenation of olefins to diolefins.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
October 1, 1980
Date of Patent:
July 13, 1982
Assignee:
The Standard Oil Co.
Inventors:
Robert K. Grasselli, Dev D. Suresh, James F. Brazdil, Frances I. Ratka
Abstract: In the recovery of acrylonitrile from the gross reaction product produced during the commercial ammoxidation of propylene to produce acrylonitrile, an ammoxidation waste gas containing at least 65% nitrogen, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and a small amount of unreacted propylene is produced. In accordance with the invention, this ammoxidation waste gas is passed through a catalytic converter containing an oxidation or ammoxidation catalyst to convert the unreacted propylene into valuable product.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
January 5, 1981
Date of Patent:
June 15, 1982
Assignee:
Standard Oil Company
Inventors:
James L. Callahan, Wilfrid G. Shaw, David B. Terrill
Abstract: A multi-stage evaporator is used to remove water from the extracted distillation or stripper tower bottoms recycled as quench liquid to the quench tower of an acrylonitrile purification and recovery system. This results in a significant decrease in the amount of waste quench tower bottoms produced by the system. Use of a multi-effect evaporator represents a significant energy savings as compared with other techniques for decreasing the water content of the recycle stream.
Abstract: Catalysts containing iron, molybdenum, bismuth and nickel, cobalt, magnesium, zinc, cadmium, calcium or beryllium have been found to give especially large volumes of acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile in a given time when manganese, antimony, thorium, zirconium, yttrium or mixtures thereof are incorporated into the catalyst.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
February 27, 1978
Date of Patent:
April 27, 1982
Assignee:
The Standard Oil Company
Inventors:
Robert K. Grasselli, Dev D. Suresh, Harley F. Hardman
Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the conversion of tertiary-butyl-containing compounds to methacrylic derivatives, and more particularly to a process for the conversion of tertiary-butyl-containing compounds selected from the group consisting of alkyl tertiary-butyl ethers, tertiary-butyl alcohol, isobutylene dimer (2,2,4-trimethylpentene) and isobutylene trimer, to methacrolein, methacrylic acid or methacrylonitrile.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
May 9, 1977
Date of Patent:
April 6, 1982
Assignee:
The Standard Oil Co.
Inventors:
Harley F. Hardman, James L. Callahan, Robert K. Grasselli
Abstract: Oxide complexes comprising copper-promoted antimony phosphates have been found to exhibit significant catalytic activity in various oxidation-type reactions such as the ammoxidation of propylene to produce acrylonitrile.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 28, 1979
Date of Patent:
March 30, 1982
Assignee:
The Standard Oil Co.
Inventors:
Andrew T. Guttmann, Robert K. Grasselli
Abstract: Certain multiply promoted U-Sb-oxides are superior catalysts for the ammoxidation of olefins to the corresponding unsaturated nitriles, the selective oxidation of olefins to unsaturated aldehydes and acids, and the oxyde-hydrogenation of olefins to diolefins.
Abstract: Molybdenum-promoted antimony phosphates also containing at least one of tellurium and bismuth have been found to exhibit significant catalytic activity in various oxidation-type reactions.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 28, 1979
Date of Patent:
February 23, 1982
Assignee:
The Standard Oil Co.
Inventors:
Andrew T. Guttmann, Robert K. Grasselli
Abstract: Certain multiply promoted Sn-Sb oxides are superior catalysts for the ammoxidation of olefins to the corresponding unsaturated nitriles, the selective oxidation of olefins to unsaturated aldehydes and acids, and the oxydehydrogenation of olefins to diolefins.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 28, 1979
Date of Patent:
February 23, 1982
Assignee:
The Standard Oil Co.
Inventors:
Robert K. Grasselli, Dev D. Suresh, James F. Brazdil, Frances I. Ratka
Abstract: Catalysts with improved catalytic properties are produced by a novel process in which not all of the heat-decomposable salt in the pre-catalyst is driven off during pre-heating and the powdery pre-catalyst obtained by pre-heating is agglomerated by dropping a slurry of the powder onto a particle bed.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
June 5, 1978
Date of Patent:
February 16, 1982
Assignee:
Standard Oil Company
Inventors:
Arthur F. Miller, James L. Callahan, Wilfrid G. Shaw
Abstract: Oxide complex catalysts comprising Fe-Sb-Bi-O.sub.x promoted with a wide variety of different elements have been found to be especially useful in the ammoxidation of olefins to nitriles such as acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile. Not only are the desired nitriles obtained with high yields when these catalysts are used, but also the production of unwanted liquid byproducts such as acrolein, acrylic acid and acetonitrile is significantly reduced.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 28, 1979
Date of Patent:
January 5, 1982
Assignee:
Standard Oil Company
Inventors:
Dev D. Suresh, Robert K. Grasselli, David A. Orndoff