Abstract: Certain catalysts containing iron and molybdenum plus bismuth or tellurium and nickel, cobalt, manganese, magnesium, zinc, cadmium, calcium or beryllium have been found to give especially large volumes of acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile in a given time when boron, gallium or indium are incorporated into the catalyst.

Abstract: Inorganic and organic sulfur are removed from coal by contacting the coal with gun blueing solution, namely an aqueous solution of sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite and sodium hydroxide.

Abstract: Catalysts containing iron, bismuth, molybdenum plus nickel, cobalt, magnesium, zinc, cadmium, strontium or calcium are promoted with yttrium, zirconium, silver, sulfur, cerium, thorium, praseodymium, ruthenium, gallium, niobium, germanium, chromium, tin, manganese, indium, copper, tellurium, lanthanum, tantalum, tungsten or mixture thereof to give extremely desirable catalysts for various oxidation reactions.

Abstract: Multicomponent complex oxide catalysts based on bismuth molybdate, for example, are made by a technique in which the bismuth molybdate portion of the catalyst is preformed prior to combining with the remaining elements of the catalyst.

Abstract: Waste water produced in an acrylonitrile plant and containing significant amounts of acrylonitrile and acrylic acid is processed so as to reduce its organics content for disposal purposes and to recover the acrylonitrile and acrylic acid contained therein. The waste water is treated by contact with activated carbon to adsorb the organics contained therein. The activated carbon is periodicaly regenerated with a desorbing liquid and the desorbate product is distilled to yield acrylonitrile and acrylic acid. Every fifth regeneration cycle, the activated carbon is regenerated thermally rather than means of a liquid in order to restore its activity to its original value.

Abstract: Catalysts containing iron, molybdenum, bismuth and nickel, cobalt, magnesium, zinc, cadmium, calcium or beryllium have been found to give especially large volumes of acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile in a given time when manganese, antimony, thorium, zirconium, yttrium or mixtures thereof are incorporated into the catalyst.

Abstract: The pyritic sulfur content of coal can be significantly reduced by leaching the coal with an aqueous solution containing hexacyanoferrate (III) ions.

Abstract: Aggregates having the amphora shape are produced by a process comprising dropping droplets of a slurry capable of being chemically gelled or solidified into a container containing a middle liquid phase capable of chemically gelling or solidifying the slurry, an upper liquid phase above the middle liquid phase and a lower liquid phase below the middle liquid phase, the components of the slurry exhibiting substantially no solubility in the upper and lower phases.

Abstract: An automatic catalyst screening unit for determining if one or more potential catalysts exhibits significant catalytic activity for a particular chemical reaction comprising a reactor module defining a plurality of elongated reaction chambers for receiving respective potential catalysts; feeding means for individually and selectively feeding each of the reaction chambers with gaseous reactant; and analyzing means for analyzing the product passing out of the reaction chambers, the analyzing means communicating with the plurality of reaction chambers by means of a common manifold.