Abstract: A shielding conductor is spaced from a matrix of memory cells in a dynamic random access memory (DRAM) to shield the memory cells from noise signals, such as the noise created by components of a system level integrated circuit (SLIC). The shielding conductor is connected to one of a reference or potential source, preferably external to the DRAM segment. The shielding conductor distributes the effect of noise and maintains a uniform reference potential with respect to the DRAM components with which it overlays or connects. The shielding conductor comprises a plurality of connected intersecting conductors which form a mesh which overlays substantially the entire matrix. The mesh is connected to components, such as an isolating well or a capacitor reference potential conductor, at a plurality of spaced-apart locations over the entire matrix. The shielding conductor may also be a single integral conductor which overlays the entire matrix, including the bit and word lines.

Abstract: The illumination intensity of a fluorescent lamp which has cathodes and an ionizable medium separating the cathodes is controlled by a method in which the lamp is ignited once during each half-cycle of applied AC current and is thereafter extinguished during that same half-cycle. The lamp is ignited by creating and applying an ignition voltage pulse of a magnitude greater than a characteristic operating voltage of the ionizable medium between the lamp cathodes. The lamp is extinguished by reducing the voltage between the cathodes to a value less than the operating voltage, at a point prior to a zero crossing of the applied AC current half-cycle in which the lamp was illuminated. Because the extinguishing point occurs prior to the end of the applied AC current half-cycle, the illumination intensity is reduced during each half cycle. The characteristics of the ignition pulse reliably ignite the lamp, thereby allowing extinguishing control on a half-cycle by half-cycle basis.

Abstract: A method of disinfecting a blood tubing set on a dialysis machine after the blood tubing set has been used in a dialysis treatment. One end of the blood tubing set is connected to a disinfection port on the dialysis machine and an opposite end of the blood tubing set is connected to a waste drain. The dialysis machine provides a supply of a disinfectant solution to the disinfection port. A blood pump on the dialysis machine pumps the disinfectant solution from the disinfection port to the waste drain through the blood tubing set to expel contaminants from the blood tubing set. The blood tubing set is preferably connected to a dialyzer which is disinfected when the disinfectant solution is pumped through the blood tubing set. A supply of cleaning solution or water may be pumped through the blood tubing set and dialyzer to expel the disinfectant solution. A supply of air may be pumped through the blood tubing set and dialyzer to expel substantially all fluid from the blood tubing set and dialyzer.

Abstract: A dynamic database interface for relational and object-oriented databases includes a dynamic, self-modifying graphical user interface defining a plurality of graphical windows for searching and editing the contents of the relational database, as well as modifying the structure of the database tables. The graphical user interface recognizes modifications to the structure of the database tables and regenerates the graphical windows to accommodate such modifications. The graphical windows also depict schematic representations of physical locations of objects stored within the tables of the relational database. In addition to using the graphical windows to edit the contents and modify the structure of the relational database, batches of data may be imported to both edit the contents of the relational database and modify the structure of the relational database tables.

Abstract: A differential gear mechanism includes an input member (111) mounted for rotation with respect to output half-shafts (112, 113), each half-shaft fixedly carrying an output member (114, 115). A coupling member (117) mounted for rotation about an axis radial of the half-shafts (112, 113) positively engages the output members (114, 115) and permits relative rotation of the output members (114, 115) on their half-shafts (112, 113). The output members include recesses for receiving teeth of a toothed wheel coupling member. The recesses of the output member comprise indentations.

Abstract: A pivotable cover secures a pump header or tubing to a peristaltic pump of a dialysis machine. The cover includes an integral raceway for engaging the pump header as a rotor of the peristaltic pump rotates along the integral raceway. The cover is pivoted away from the dialysis machine to separate the raceway from the rotor and provide substantial access for loading the pump header about the rotor. The cover is then closed to secure the pump header in place and properly position the integral raceway in relation to the pump rotor. If the pump header is connected to a blood tubing set, the cover also secures the blood tubing set in position against the dialysis machine. A detachable hinge connects the cover to the dialysis machine to allow the cover to be completely detached from the dialysis machine. The detachable cover provides complete access for cleaning the area surrounding the peristaltic pump rotor and the location where the blood tubing set is located.

Abstract: The personal colors for facial cosmetics are determined by a method and a kit of equipment which determines an overall value for the individual by reference to skin, eye and hair features, determines a hue of the individual by reference to colors such as facial powders applied to the skin, and presents the personal colors based on the overall value and hue determined. A value determining scale is used to determine specific values of features by adjacent comparison to those features. An overall value chart contains information defining an overall value based on a predetermined multiple number of specific values of features. A personal color direction chart correlates values and hues to the desired personal colors.

Abstract: A DRAM array embedded in an IC, ASIC or a SLIC includes a plurality of redundant functional elements and a substitution circuit which responds to signals communicated from a bus to electrically connect selected ones of the redundant elements as fully functional replacements for corresponding defective elements of the DRAM array. The redundant elements include bit blocks and word line groups. The substitution circuit includes a controllable selector which electrically connects selected ones of the bit blocks and word lines to respond to data and address signals communicated on the bus. A register responds to bus control signals and supplies signals to achieve connection of the redundant elements. The defective elements are identified, and the replacement redundant elements are substituted, by testing the elements of the DRAM array for proper functionality and processing the results of the test.

Abstract: A method of disrupting a turbulent region of a boundary layer within a fluid flow passing over a surface to decrease momentum transfer, and thus friction drag, between the turbulent flow and the surface. Bending waves are generated on the surface to impose velocity and/or pressure oscillations within the turbulent region and disrupt the normal turbulent process within the boundary layer, thereby decreasing the transfer of momentum from the turbulent flow to the surface. The bending waves are preferably generated in a predominantly spanwise or normal direction relative to the streamwise fluid flow. In another embodiment, the bending waves enhance the turbulent process and increase the transfer of momentum between the turbulent flow and the surface. Bending wave actuators may bend the surface to generate bending waves within the surface itself. In another embodiment, actuators may generate bending waves within a separate material attached to the surface.

Abstract: A reprogrammable address selector is incorporated in an embedded DRAM array which has a plurality of addressable DRAM components. The reprogrammable address selector responds to an address signal defining a unique response address. One of a plurality of selected response addresses may be electrically and selectively programmed into the selector as a substitute for a fixed response address. Thereafter the addressable DRAM component responds to the programmed response address rather than the fixed response address. The programmed response address is programmed from address signals applied on the bus.

Abstract: The integrity of a microporous membrane within a mass transfer device such as an oxygenator is tested simultaneously with applying a biocompatible surfactant to at least the blood-contact surface of the membrane. The membrane integrity test contacts both sides of the microporous membrane with a conductive fluid to establish an electrical circuit. An electrical signal is then applied to the circuit and a measurement is taken of the test voltage across an impedance in the circuit. The value of the test voltage is used to determine the conductivity and thus the integrity of the membrane. The biocompatible surfactant is mixed with the conductive fluid used in the electrical integrity test and has an affinity for the microporous membrane material so that a durable biocompatible coating is applied to at least a portion of the microporous membrane.

Abstract: A functional test on a memory array, formed by a plurality of embedded memory segments each with a reprogrammable address, is conducted by programming the same address into each segment and conducting a portion of the functional test while simultaneously addressing all of the segments using the same reprogrammed address. A test pattern of signals is written into the segments by using the same reprogrammed address, and then unique addresses are reprogrammed after writing the test pattern signals. The signals which were created by writing the test pattern are read by using the unique addresses. The functional test is simplified by using the same address to write the test pattern, rather than generating unique addresses to write the test pattern to all of the memory segments.

Abstract: A differential interferometric ballastic gravity measurement apparatus and method for measuring differential gravity between separate points employs at least two separate gravity sensors having respective free-fall masses capable of independent operation, an arrangement mounting the gravity sensors independent of one another in respective self-leveling states and at separate locations, a fiber optic-guided laser light interferometer coupled to the gravity sensors and adapted to produce a light signal indicative of a single measurement of differential gravity between the separate locations where the gravity sensors are situated, and a processing control system coupled to the gravity sensor and fiber optic-based laser light interferometer for activating independent operation of the gravity sensors and interferometer and for detecting the light signal and producing an electrical signal representing the measurement of differential gravity between the separate locations.

Abstract: Non-insulated surgical instruments are referenced to the electrical potential of a patient during minimally invasive electrosurgery to prevent unintentional patient burns, should the surgical instruments become accidentally energized during the electrosurgical procedure. An auxiliary safety electrode separate from the primary return electrode is attached to the patient at a location separate from the attachment point of the primary return electrode. Each non-insulated surgical instrument is preferably attached to the auxiliary electrode by a separate electrical conductor. The electrical conductor transfers to the auxiliary electrode any electrical energy which is accidentally applied to the instrument during the course of the electrosurgical procedure. The size of the auxiliary electrode is sufficient to safely disperse the electrical charge without burning the patient.

Abstract: A power control circuit achieves a relatively smooth turn-on conduction transition characteristic and a relatively low power consumption. A controlled transition circuit conducts current to a load when in a fully conductive state. The transition circuit transitions from a non-conductive state to the fully conductive state over a predetermined amount of time to limit the di/dt and the interference signals generated by the di/dt. A low forward voltage conduction circuit also conducts current to the load in a conductive state and diverts current to the transition circuit when in a non-conductive state. The conduction circuit creates a second predetermined voltage across the terminals when in the conductive state which is substantially less than the first predetermined voltage to reduce the power consumption.

Abstract: A switching module having a switching circuit which achieves a relatively smooth turn-on conduction transition characteristic and a relatively low power consumption. A controlled transition circuit conducts current to between two of its three terminals when in a fully conductive state. The transition circuit transitions from a non-conductive state to the fully conductive state over a predetermined amount of time to limit the di/dt and the interference signals generated by the di/dt. A low forward voltage conduction circuit also conducts current to the load in a conductive state and diverts current to the transition circuit when in a non-conductive state. The conduction circuit creates a second predetermined voltage across the terminals when in the conductive state which is substantially less than the first predetermined voltage to reduce the power consumption.

Abstract: An electrically-erasable electrically-programmable read only memory (EEPROM) transistor is programmed and erased by electron tunneling and reduces gate induced drain leakage. The EEPROM transistor comprises a semiconductor substrate having source and drain regions disposed horizontally apart. A floating gate conductor is vertically adjacent to and spaced from the source and drain regions. An insulation layer is disposed between the floating gate conductor and the source and drain regions. A first segment of the insulation layer, which is between the drain region and a minor portion of the floating gate conductor, has a first thickness. A second segment of the insulation layer which is adjacent to the first layer and the remainder on the floating gate conductor, has a second thickness which is substantially greater than the first thickness.

Abstract: A semiconductor thyristor has multiple different semiconductor layers with regions arranged in predetermined configurations to cause a plasma of carriers to flow in an expanding volume over a finite time to reach a full conduction condition, after the thyristor is switched into a conductive condition. A smooth current or connectivity transition occurs between a nonconductive state and a conductive state, thereby eliminating the typical, more instantaneous and discontinuous on-switching conductivity transitions. The finite and increased time to reach the full conduction inherently reduces the di/dt effect created by switching the thyristor. The reduced di/dt substantially reduces the radiated and conductive interference signals generated by switching the thyristor. The growth in the size of the plasma is controlled using configurations of the semiconductor structure and doping profiles within the semiconductor layers.

Abstract: An ornament display device and wreath insert is inserted into the center of a wreath and provides a flat surface for displaying objects. The display device comprises a plurality of prongs each having at least one serration, with each prong adapted to contact the wreath core and establish an interference fit sufficient to hold the support in position without tipping around the core. A platform of a predetermined configuration, e.g., concave shaped ends, helps to secure the platform within the center of a wreath. A placard displays a message or other decorative graphic and is shaped to substantially hide the platform and the prongs.

Abstract: A control arrangement for a motorised trolley having a handle by which to control a driving motor which propels the trolley. The handle works a transducer which supplies a control signal for the driving motor. Then handle has limited movement relative to the trolley in the fore and aft direction but is stiffly connected to the trolley in the vertical and lateral direction whereby the trolley can be manually controlled by the handle in pitch and yaw by the pedestrian operating the trolley. The motor is controlled in a proportional or integral manner to accelerate, to decelerate, or to maintain a constant (cruise) velocity of the trolley. The acceleration, deceleration and velocity maintenance are achieved by ramping and constant voltages applied, preferably by a microprocessor-based control system, to a D.C. shunt motor which drives one or more wheels of the trolley.