Abstract: A polymer composition is provided comprising at least one poly(arylene sulfide), at least one polysiloxane, at least one trialkoxysilane, and at least one solid, resinous polyolefin. Molded objects made of this polymer composition have greater impact strength than those made of poly(arylene sulfide), preferably poly(phenylene sulfide). In one embodiment, an additive composition comprising at least one polysiloxane, at least one trialkoxysilane and at least one solid, resinous polyolefin is provided. The additives can be blended with poly(arylene sulfide) so as to improve its impact strength. In another embodiment, a polymer composition is provided comprising at least one poly(arylene sulfide), at least one polysiloxane having molecular in the range of from about 100,000 to about 4000,000, and optionally at least one trialkoxysilane.

Abstract: A process for preparing pillared interlayered clay materials comprises the steps of contacting a smectite containing material, preferably bentonite, with a solution comprising at least one of ammonium and alkali metal carboxylates and alkali metal carbonates and bicarbonates, plus preferably also alkali metal dithionite; separating the thus-contacted material from the solution; treating the separated material with a solution comprising a polymeric cationic hydroxy metal complex, preferably of aluminum (more preferable, polymeric hydroxy aluminum chloride); separating and finally heating the thus-treated smectite material. The pillared interlayered clay material of this invention can be intimately admixed with zeolite. The pillared interlayered clay material of this invention, with or without zeolite, can be used as catalyst for cracking hydrocarbon-containing oils.

Abstract: A process for hydrotreating substantially liquid hydrocarbon containing feed streams (particularly heavy oils) which also contain compounds of nickel, vanadium and sulfur employing a catalyst composition comprising alumina, at least one compound of titanium and at least one compound of molybdenum is prepared either by the steps of impregnating an alumina support material with an aqueous solution of at least one titanium compound, drying, impregnating the Ti-impregnated material with an aqueous solution of at least one molybdenum compound, drying and calcining; or by the steps of impregnating an alumina support material with an aqueous solution of at least one titanium compound and at least one molybdenum compound, drying and calcining.

Abstract: 1,2-dichlorobenzene is isomerized to 1,4-dichlorobenzene in the presence of a catalyst comprising (a) at least one of AlCl.sub.3 and AlBr.sub.3 and (b) at least one of iodine, alkaline earth metal halides and sulfates and lanthanide halides. Benzene and/or dichlorobenzene is chlorinated with free chlorine in the presence of a catalyst composition comprising (a) at least one suitable metal halide (preferably AlCl.sub.3, SbCl.sub.5 or FeCl.sub.3) and (b) free iodine and/or at least one organic iodo-compound (preferably methyl iodide or p-iodochlorobenzene), so as to obtain a reaction product comprising 1,4-dichlorobenzene). A preferred catalyst composition comprises (a) at least one of AlCl.sub.3 and AlBr.sub.3, (b) free iodine and (c) at least one of alkaline earth metal halides, alkaline earth metal sulfates and lanthanide halides.

Abstract: A composition of matter comprising alumina, at least one compound of nickel, at least one compound of zirconium and at least one compound containing phosphorus and oxygen is prepared by a process comprising the steps of impregnating an alumina-containing support material with an aqueous solution containing at least one nickel compound and at least one zirconium compound, drying, impregnating the Ni/Zr-impregnated material with an aqueous solution containing at least one P-O compound, drying and calcining. The composition of matter of this invention is useful as a catalyst for hydrotreating substantially liquid hydrocarbon-containing feed streams (particularly heavy oils) which also contain compounds of nickel, vanadium and sulfur.

Abstract: A hydrocarbon-containing feed stream, e.g., a heavy oil or residuum, is contacted under suitable reaction conditions with free hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide and at least one olefin polymer, preferably polypropylene or polystyrene, so as to produce a hydrocarbon product stream having increased API.sub.60 gravity and lower content of heavies. Generally, the amounts of impurities (sulfur, nitrogen, nickel and vanadium) contained in the feed stream are reduced in this hydrotreating process.

Abstract: A composition of matter comprising alumina as the major component and silica as a minor component is prepared by a process comprising sequential addition of solutions of aluminum salt and alkali metal aluminate, addition of a solution of alkali metal silicate to dispersed alumina hydrogen and heating formed alumina-silica hydrogel under dehydrating conditions. The thus prepared composition of matter, optionally promoted with at least one transition metal compound, can be used as a catalyst for hydrotreating substantially liquid hydrocarbon-containing feed streams which also contain sulfur and metal compounds as impurities.

Abstract: A novel catalyst for recovering middle distillates comprising silica/titanium compound impregnated on an alumina and promoted with nickel and molybdenum.

Abstract: Monohalobenzene compounds are iodinated with an iodination reagent selected from the group consisting of (i) iodine monochloride and (ii) I.sub.2 /Cl.sub.2 mixtures having a mol ratio of about 1:3-5:1, in the presence of a catalyst selected from the group consisting of MoCl.sub.5, FeCl.sub.3, lanthanide chlorides and mixtures thereof. Preferably one of chlorobenzene and fluorobenzene is at least partially converted to at least one of para-iodochlorobenzene and para-iodofluorobenzene. Various other aromatic compounds, preferably di- and trichlorobenzene, xylenes, nitrobenzene and ethyl benzoate, are iodinated with an iodination reagent selected from the group consisting of (i) iodine monochloride and (ii) I.sub.2 /Cl.sub.2 mixtures having a mol ratio of about 1:3-5:1, in the presence of a catalyst comprising FeCl.sub.3 and, optionally, a lanthanide chloride.

Abstract: A process for preparing silica-alumina compositions comprises mixing a first aqueous solution containing an aluminum salt (preferably KAl(SO.sub.4).sub.2) and an ammonium salt (preferably (NH.sub.4).sub.2 SO.sub.4) with a second solution containing an alkali metal silicate (preferably Na.sub.2 SiO.sub.3), wherein the mol ratio of the alkali metal silicate to the aluminum salt is in the range of from about 2:1 to about 20:1, and the concentration of the ammonium salt is chosen so as to afford coprecipitation of silica-alumina hydrogel (preferably at a pH of about 3-6). The thus coprecipitated silica-alumina hydrogel can be separated from the mixture of the two solutions, optionally washed, and calcined so as to prepare acidic silica-alumina suitable as cracking catalyst material.

Abstract: A hydrotreating (hydrovisbreaking) process comprises the step of contacting under suitable reaction conditions (A) a substantially liquid hydrocarbon-containing feed stream which contains more than 0.1 weight-% Ramsbottom carbon residue, (B) a free hydrogen-containing gas and (C) a catalyst composition comprising alkyl molybdate and/or molybdenum sulfonate.

Abstract: A polymer composition is provided comprising at least one poly(arylene sulfide), at least one polysiloxane, at least one trialkoxysilane, and at least one solid, resinous polyolefin. Molded objects made of this polymer composition have greater impact strength than those made of poly(arylene sulfide), preferably poly(phenylene sulfide). In one embodiment, an additive composition comprising at least one polysiloxane, at least one trialkoxysilane and at least one solid, resinous polyolefin is provided. The additives can be blended with poly(arylene sulfide) so as to improve its impact strength. In another embodiment, a polymer composition is provided comprising at least one poly(arylene sulfide), at least one polysiloxane having molecular in the range of from about 100,000 to about 400,000, and optionally at least one trialkoxysilane.

Abstract: A catalyst composition comprises (a) alumina, (b) zinc titanate, (c) at least one compound of molybdenum, (d) at least one compound of at least one of nickel and cobalt, and (e) at least one compound containing phosphorus and oxygen. This catalyst composition is used for hydrotreating a liquid hydrocarbon-containing feed stream (such as a heavy oil) which contains compounds of nickel, vanadium and sulfur, under such conditions as to obtain a product having reduced levels of nickel, vanadium and sulfur.

Abstract: A new composition of matter comprises nickel phosphate and titanium phosphate, prepared by coprecipitation. A process for removing metals from a hydrocarbon-containing feed stream, in particular a heavy oil, comprises hydrotreatment in the presence of a solid catalyst composition comprising coprecipitated nickel phosphate and titanium phosphate.

Abstract: A catalyst composition comprises (a) alumina, (b) zinc titanate, (c) at least one compound of molybdenum, (d) at least one compound of at least one of nickel and cobalt, and (e) at least one compound of rhenium. This catalyst composition is used for hydrotreating a liquid hydrocarbon-containing feed stream, which contains organic compounds of sulfur, nitrogen and oxygen under such conditions as to obtain a product having reduced levels of sulfur, nitrogen and oxygen. Preferably the hydrocarbon-containing feed stream contains cycloalkanes, which are at least partially reformed to aromatic compounds.

Abstract: A process of producing higher ketones comprises the step of contacting under suitable conditions a feed comprising (a) at least one C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 aliphatic ketone, (b) at least one C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 aliphatic aldehyde and, preferably, also (c) carbon monoxide with a catalyst composition comprising (i) copper or an oxide thereof and (ii) zinc oxide. Preferably, the feed ketone is methyl ethyl ketone, the feed aldehyde is propanal, and the product comprises at least one C.sub.7 ketone.

Abstract: A process for hydrotreating substantially liquid hydrocarbon-containing feed streams (particularly heavy oils) which also contain compounds of nickel, vanadium and sulfur employing a catalyst composition comprising alumina, at least one compound of nickel, at least one compound of zirconium and at least one compound containing phosphorus and oxygen is prepared by a process comprising the steps of impregnating an alumina-containing support material with an aqueous solution containing at least one nickel compound and at least one zirconium compound, drying, impregnating the Ni/Zr-impregnated material with an aqueous solution containing at least one P-O compound, drying and calcining.

Abstract: A composition of matter comprising alumina, at least one compound of titanium and at least one compound of molybdenum is prepared either by the steps of impregnating an alumina support material with an aqueous solution of at least one titanium compound, drying, impregnating the Ti-impregnated material with an aqueous solution of at least one molybdenum compound, drying and calcining; or by the steps of impregnating an alumina support material with an aqueous solution of at least one titanium compound and at least one molybdenum compound, drying and calcining. The compositions of matter of this invention are useful as catalysts for hydrotreating substantially liquid hydrocarbon-containing feed streams (particularly heavy oils) which also contain compounds of nickel, vanadium and sulfur.

Abstract: A composition of matter consisting essentially of alumina and at least one compound (preferably oxide) of yttrium and/or zirconium is provided and is employed as a catalyst in the hydrotreating of a substantially liquid hydrocarbon containing feed stream (particularly a heavy oil) which also contains compounds of nickel, vanadium and sulfur. The preferred preparation of the catalyst compositions of this invention comprises at least one impregnating step using a solution containing at least one aluminum compound, which is at least partially converted to aluminum oxide in a subsequent calcining step.

Abstract: A new composition of matter comprises nickel phosphate and titanium phosphate, preferably prepared by coprecipitation. A process for removing metals from a hydrocarbon-containing feed stream, in particular a heavy oil, comprises hydrotreatment in the presence of a solid catalyst composition comprising nickel phosphate and titanium phosphate (preferably coprecipitated).