Abstract: A detector for detecting breakdowns on the high-voltage side of an electric precipitator, the voltage of which is supplied from an a-c network through a thyristor control circuit, a high-voltage transformer and a rectifier. The improvement of the invention comprises means for continuously comparing characteristic parameters of successive half-waves of variations of the voltage at the precipitator. A predetermined deviation of the characteristic parameters comprises a criterion for determining a breakdown of the precipitator voltage.

Abstract: In order to prevent scale formation in a hot dry rock geothermal system, a mixture of acetone and water is utilized as the working fluid. Such fluid reduces the amount of scale formation generally associated with such system.

Abstract: In order to extract energy in a matter more efficient than is presently known to the art, from hot dry rock geothermal systems, a mixture of water and calcium chloride is used. The fluid mixture is injected into a formation and forced through the formation with simultaneous extraction of heat from the energy recovery or heat extraction surrounding rocks. The fluid and a larger fraction of its contained energy are then recovered than can presently be recovered by technology known to the art.

Abstract: A vector analyzer which serves for determining defining quantities of a planar vector in which the output of a digital counter is fed, via sine and cosine function generators, to a vector rotator addressed by the component voltages of an input vector and made to follow the value of the phase angle of the input vector by means of a three point control in order to make the output of the digital overflow counter follow the phase angle of an input vector by means of a control loop; the counter content is reset to zero without problem if the value 360.degree. of the phase angle is exceeded. The invention can be used particularly for field orientation control of rotating field machines.

Abstract: The expansion pipe loops which connect the tubes of the heat exchanger to the discharge lines are suspended via double-armed levers which are movably secured at the ends to the mounting system and anchoring system. The points on the pipe loops which are connected to the fulcrum of the respective levers as well as the fulcrums are chosen so as to render the stresses in the pipe loops as low as possible and approximately equal on both sides of the pivots. Pairs of levers with an interconnecting support beam are used to suspend a plurality of the pipe loops in common.

Abstract: Pivot assembly of a swing window in the form of a pivotable window sash bounded by a stationary window frame. The assembly includes a pivot bearing formed as a socket for permanent location within a bore defined by the sash. A pivot pin connected to the frame is formed with a stop which when the pin is received in the bearing is designed to be lockingly engaged by a locking device supportable in the pivot bearing. In this way only a pivoting motion of the pin relative to the pivot bearing is permitted. This support of the locking device in the bearing occurs in a plane within both an adjacent side face of the sash and an adjacent end face of the bearing. Moreover, the device is directly actuable into and out of the locking engagement by axial displacement thereof via an adjacent opening in the side face of the sash.

Abstract: The waste heat steam generator employs two parallel channels for receiving flows of exhaust gas from a gas turbine. In one channel, the exhaust gas flow is heated by a supplemental burner to a temperature less than 900.degree. C while the flow of exhaust gas in the second channel is heated to a temperature above 900.degree. C. The amount of fuel supplied to each burner is controlled by various control means responsive to the temperature within the steam generator or the temperature of the live steam or by the pressure of the live steam. A distribution means is provided at the entrance to the channel in which the exhaust gas is heated to a temperature above 900.degree. C so as to control the flow therein. The steam generator can be easily adapted to partial load operation by regulating the amount of fuel to the supplemental burners.

Abstract: This invention describes a pressure gauge which is one embodiment is adapted to be continuously mounted on the valve stem of the inflated device, thereby providing a continuous indication of the pressure therein. It includes an airtight enclosure formed by an expandable means such as a diaphragm, positioned within an outer housing. The gauge is adapted to contact the standard valve stem in the inflated device to release pressurized gas from the device into the airtight enclosure. In response thereto, the airtight enclosure expands. Cooperating with this expansion of the airtight enclosure is a piston like member which includes means for controlling the expansion of the airtight enclosure. The control means is calibrated so that the piston like member moves an axial distance in an amount proportional to the pressure of the gas in the tube. The piston has an indicator band painted thereon which positions itself opposite appropriate psi markings on the outside of the housing.

Abstract: The invention relates to button type electric cells, i.e., cells comprising two cups containing, respectively, positive and negative active materials, fitted into each other and insulated from each other by a seal. The positive cup contains at least one compartment situated between it and the positive material and delimited on the positive material side by a perforated sheet; the compartment is filled with electrolyte when the active materials are in the state where they take up the greatest volume. Particularly applicable to lithium cells whose positive material is cupric oxide, lead oxide or red lead.

Abstract: The head box is provided with a distributor having a plurality of pulp distributing ducts which have terminal sections converging towards the throat of the box. The distributing ducts also have step-like widenings upstream of the terminal sections to create a strong turbulence in the pulp flow to maintain the solids content of the pulp in suspension. The terminal sections terminate short of the throat so as to reduce any risk of cross-flow and thus improve the flow of the pulp.

Abstract: This invention relates to a storage element for a sorption heat storage system comprising a hermetically sealed tubular vessel having a length which is a multiple of its cross section containing a sorbate. The vessel is divided into two regions by an interspace. A first region contains a solid sorption medium and a second region contains an accumulator to collect condense and hold back sorbate driven out of the sorption medium.The invention also relates to a heat storage system consisting of a tank, a plurality of heat storage elements arranged in a parallel array with their interspaces in a plane, a means to divide the tank into two regions outside the elements, lying in the plane of the interspaces and at least one heat transfer media contained in the tank outside the storage elements.

Abstract: The stock pulper is provided with a means for adjusting the spacing between the arms of the rotor and the screen. In one embodiment, the adjustment can be made from without the stock pulper while in another embodiment, the adjustment can be made from within and without the stock pulper.

Abstract: A method for irradiating a specimen by corpuscular-beam radiation in which an irradiated surface pattern including isolated areas unexposed to the corpuscular beam surrounded at least almost completely by areas exposed to the beam is generated on a specimen by first imaging a mask which is supported by a support grid comprising a plurality of parallel strips and having a pattern corresponding to the surface pattern to be generated, on the specimen by shadow projection by means of a corpuscular beam consisting of a plurality of parallel rays. The image of the supporting grid is then removed by tilting the corpuscular beam in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the strips forming the support grid through an angle which is at least equal in radians to the ratio of the width of the strips to the distance between the mask and the specimen.

Abstract: The Jacquard machine employs a selector system for blocking and un-blocking the pressers (e.g. Jacquard needles) wherein use is made of pivotally mounted locking levers between a control element and each presser. The control elements which may be in the form of multimorphous bending strips or a switching means comprised of two electrically magnetizable relatively movable rod-like members, engage with the levers to cause pivoting of the levers into a blocking or non-blocking position relative to the pressers.

Abstract: Normal steady venous return flow in a limb is rendered intermittent by means to occlude the venous system in the limb for a first period of time while permitting pulsatile arterial inflow to the limb. Means to release the venous system for a second period of time allows a rapid exponentially decreasing outflow of the blood that was pooled in the venous system during the first period. The exponentially decreasing outflow may be detected by a flowmeter responsive only to pulsatile flow. The flowmeter may also detect unwanted heart-synchronized signals. The latter may be cancelled from the venous blood flow signal by detecting and storing heart-synchronized signals during at least a part of the first period (of zero venous flow) and subtracting the stored signals from signals detected during the second period.

Abstract: A starting device for reformed gas generators of the type in which atomized or evaporated liquid, hydrocarbon containing fuel is catalytically reacted with a gas containing oxygen at elevated temperatures to form a fuel gas, includes a conically shaped housing having an outlet for coupling to the inlet of the reformed gas generator, a gas permeable burner plate within said housing, a fuel injection nozzle arranged so that nearly the entire surface of the burner plate is supplied with fuel, a heat-resistant, gas permeable terminating plate filling, the outlet of the starting device and defining, with the burner plate, a combustion chamber, an ignition device disposed in said combustion chamber and means for introducing the air and atomized fuel into the combustion chamber through the burner plate.

Abstract: A device for distributing flowing media over a flow cross section comprising a distributor plate extending over the flow cross section and having a multiplicity of openings over its entire extent. The device further includes a cover plate having passages distributed over its entire extent and movably arranged relative to the distributor so as to be able to determine the free passage cross section of all the openings of the distributor plate. The device can be arranged advantageously, at the input of a reaction chamber with a catalytic charge, in order to distribute the reactants over the cross section of the catalytic chamber.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for concentrating and collecting solar energy are disclosed. In accordance with the invention, solar energy is concentrated by economical refringent lenses or lens systems including fluid lenses and/or Fresnel-type lenses. The lenses concentrate the solar energy preferably along lines in continuous linear foci or in discrete foci at an elongated collector comprising one or more fluid-carrying conduits and one or more fluids therein. In one embodiment, a plurality of photoelectric cells are located in or on the collector along the linear foci or at the discrete foci and operate at increased efficiency with heat being removed by the collector. A first fluid in the collector is heated by the concentrated solar energy and in a preferred embodiment is used to heat a second fluid contiguous to the first fluid, the first fluid having a boiling point exceeding that of the second fluid.

Abstract: A DC arc furnace having one or more arcing electrodes and a melt contact electrode transversely offset from the arcing electrode is provided on the outside of the furnace with control electromagnets which are supplied with DC for the purpose of keeping the arc substantially axially aligned with the arcing electrode. For more positive control of the arc direction, radiation sensing devices are provided and which are arranged to receive more or less radiation from the arc if it wanders away from its desired vertical alignment with the arcing electrode. In turn, these devices are used to control the power supplied to the control electromagnets to alter the strength of their magnetic flux, so that if it wanders from axial alignment with the arcing electrode, the arc is substantially immediately returned to that alignment.

Abstract: An improvement in the process for continuously manufacturing a methyl methacrylate polymer plate by polymerizing the monomer in a casting space defined by the confronting surfaces of two endless belts running in face-to-face relationship with each other is provided. The improvement is characterized in that the belts are first passed through a first polymerization zone wherein the belts are contacted by hot water, the belts leaving this zone are freed from water clinging to their surfaces, and the belts are then passed through a second polymerizing zone having a temperature above 100.degree. C and forming the polymer plate which is then cooled at a controlled rate prior to withdrawal from the belts. The plate product has an improved heat distortion temperature.