Abstract: Provided are an apparatus and method for manufacturing a spiral duct in which straight connection parts are integrally formed with both ends of a curved duct. Further provided are an apparatus and method for manufacturing a spiral duct capable of improving cutting quality of a metal band and precisely and securely coupling bent parts of edges of the metal band. The apparatus comprises a cutting roll to cut a metal band into two parts, the cutting roll having a horizontal rotation angle that can be varied to cut along a straight or a waved line in order to form a duct having straight and curved parts, and in order to adjust a diameter of the duct. In addition, the apparatus includes rolls for forming bent parts at edges of the cut metal bands, and for winding and seaming edges of the metal bands to form ducts.

Abstract: Provided is an optical image receiving device having a high and rapid sensitivity and a wide dynamic range manufacture in a CMOS process. The image receiving device includes a capacitor transistor for a special purpose in addition to a general structure of three transistors and a light receiving portion. The capacitor transistor has first and second source/drain ports connected to the capacitance node and the floating diffusion node, respectively, and is gated in response to activation of a predetermined capacitor control signal. In the CMOS optical image receiving device, the floating diffusion node is pumped over an external power voltage. Thus, the electronic potential of the floating diffusion node in the initialization state is much higher than the maximum voltage of the light receiving portion. Thus, the CMOS active pixel has a very high sensitivity in a region where the intensity of light is weak.

Abstract: A method of bonding aluminum (Al) electrodes formed on two semiconductor substrates at a low temperature that does not affect circuits formed on the two semiconductor substrates is provided. The method includes: (a) forming aluminum (Al) electrodes on the two semiconductor substrates, respectively, and depositing a metal alloy that comprises aluminum (Al) and copper (Cu) onto the aluminum (Al) electrodes; (b) arranging the aluminum (Al) electrodes of the two semiconductor substrates to face with each other; and (c) heating the aluminum (Al) electrodes at a temperature lower than the melting point of the deposited metal alloy, and applying a specific pressure onto the two semiconductor substrates. Accordingly, bonding can be carried out at a temperature lower than the melting point of an Al0.83Cu0.17 alloy without having an effect on circuits formed on two semiconductor substrates, and can be selectively carried out at regions where pressure is applied.

Abstract: Provided is a high resolution distance ranging apparatus using an ultra-wideband (UWB) communication. The apparatus includes: a first spectrum analyzer for extracting a frequency component corresponding to multipath time delay from a reception signal; a second spectrum analyzer for acquiring a noise subspace of the extracted frequency component and extracting a frequency component where maximum power is located from a frequency spectrum based on the noise subspace; a time of arrival (TOA) extractor for extracting TOA based on the frequency component where maximum power is located.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for stabilizing cargo within a transport container. First and second tubular elements are provided having generally cylindrical bodies and bearing members are mounted at a terminal end which can react against opposing surfaces within the transport container and stabilize cargo within the container. An extension mechanism allows for the extension and selective translation between the first and second tubular members allowing the apparatus to extend and fill the space between opposing surfaces within the transport container and stabilize the cargo. At least one of the tubular members is composed with two elongate halves. A method for stabilizing cargo within a transport container includes providing an extensible load stabilizer having first and second tubular elements, each having a bearing member. Forming at least one of the tubular members by mating together two tubular halves.

Abstract: Disclosed is an alopecia healing apparatus. The alopecia healing apparatus has a case provided at a first end thereof with a handle section, and a second end thereof with a massage section having a plurality of massage protrusions, a light radiating section including a plurality of LEDs, which arc regularly aligned behind the massage protrusions of the case in equidistance, a laser radiating section aligned in the case corresponding to the massage section so as to radiate low-level laser beam, a vibration device installed in the case so as to vibrate the case, a control section including a microcomputer for controlling operations of the light radiating section, the laser radiating section and the vibration device, and a power source for supplying power to the light radiating section and the laser radiating section. The alopecia healing apparatus radiates low-level laser beam and optical pulses of the LEDs onto the scalp, so that the hair-root cells are activated, thereby promoting hair growth.

Abstract: An embedded system, automatic loading system and method capable of automatically loading a root file system. The method includes turning on the embedded system to execute a boot code; utilizing the boot code for executing a kernel, utilizing the kernel for activating a root file system auto initial program to retrieve a root file system image file stored in an external device external to the embedded system, and loading the root file system according to the root file system image file.

Abstract: There is provided a method and apparatus for output pulse width modulation in a digital amplifier including: a determining step of adding or subtracting a value corresponding to a predetermined offset to or from an input audio signal alternately according to a period of the input audio signal, thereby determining a sign of a resulting value of adding or subtracting; a switching step of outputting the input audio signal to a first port based on the determined sign, or outputting the input audio signal to a second port after inverting the input audio signal into a positive number; an adjusting step of adding a value of a predetermined switching time to the audio signals output from the first port and the second port, and outputting a resulting value of adding; and a modulating step of performing pulse width modulation on the audio signals output from the adjusting step and outputting a first modulation signal and a second modulation signal.

Abstract: An image sensor using a back-illuminated photodiode and a manufacturing method thereof are provided. According to the present invention, since a surface of the back-illuminated photodiode can be stably treated, the back-illuminated photodiode can be formed to have a low dark current, a constant sensitivity of blue light for all photodiodes, and high sensitivity. In addition, it is possible to manufacture an image sensor with high density by employing a three dimensional structure in which a photodiode and a logic circuit are separately formed on different substrates.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for stabilizing cargo within a transport container. First and second tubular elements are provided having generally cylindrical bodies and bearing members at a terminal end which can react against opposing surfaces within the transport container and stabilize cargo within the container. An extension mechanism allows for the extension and selective translation between the first and second tubular members allowing the apparatus to extend and fill the space between opposing surfaces within the transport container and stabilize the cargo. A method for stabilizing cargo within a transport container includes providing an extensible load stabilizer having first and second tubular elements, each having a bearing member, positioning the load stabilizer between opposing surfaces within the transport container, and extending the tubular members with respect to each other, and stabilizing a surface of cargo against an opposing surface.

Abstract: A method and apparatus performing blind source separation using frequency-domain normalized multichannel blind deconvolution. Multichannel mixed signals are frames of N samples including r consecutive blocks of M samples. The frames are separated using separating filters in frequency domain in an overlap-save manner by discrete Fourier transform (DFT). The separated signals are then converted back into time domain using inverse DFT applied to a nonlinear function. Cross-power spectra between separated signals and nonlinear-transformed signals are computed and normalized by power spectra of both separated signals and nonlinear-transformed signals to have flat spectra. Time domain constraint is then applied to preserve first L cross-correlations. These alias-free normalized cross-power spectra are further constrained by nonholonomic constraints. Then, natural gradient is computed by convolving alias-free normalized cross-power spectra with separating filters.

Abstract: Compositions are disclosed that induce broadly HIV therapeutic and vaccine inducing antibodies against diverse HIV clades and relate to the ability to identify HIV gp120-derived short peptide sequence immunogens and various therapeutic compositions made from the identified peptides which compose CCR5 binding sites. Also disclosed are methods of selecting peptide sequences that are likely candidates for drugs which will offer effective treatment in such areas as Alzheimer's disease, psoriasis, multiple sclerosis and other diseases associated with the human inflammatory cascade as well as related retroviruses such as HTLV-1, the cause of tropical spastic paraparesis.

Abstract: A white light source has a substrate with a blue light-emitting diode placed thereon and a cap layer enclosing the blue light-emitting diode. The cap layer includes a mixture of silicon and phosphor blend at ratio of 1:0.2-0.5. The phosphor blend includes a red phosphor, a green phosphor and a yellow phosphor.

Abstract: A device and a method for inputting passwords in ATM or door-lock and etc, having display means are provided. In particular, said device comprises a keypad in display means where numbers or letters for passwords are arranged randomly, and further comprises a keypad providing an indirect password numbers or letters randomly arranged, according to an original password, to be input in another indirect password keypad such that the original password of a user can be protected effectively from the others eye.

Abstract: Provided are a phase shifter with a photonic band gap (PBG) structure using a ferroelectric thin film. The phase shifter includes a microstrip transmission line acting as a microwave input/output line and a plurality of tunable capacitors arranged in the microstrip transmission line at regular intervals. Electrodes disposed on a substrate apply DC voltages to the plurality of tunable capacitors. Radio frequency (RF) chokes and quarter wavelength radial-stubs are connected between the electrodes and the microstrip transmission line in order to prevent high frequency signals from flowing into a DC bias terminal. A plurality of PBGS are periodically arrayed on a ground plane of the substrate.

Abstract: A de-skew mechanism, in an image forming device, with a correcting member disposed in a rotatable manner to the rotary shaft and turning with driving roller by a spring between them. A torque spring suppresses the turning of the correcting member to correct the skew of the medium. When conveyed, the medium will butt against the correcting member to be stopped and corrected. The medium conveying force and the force that the spring brings to the driving roller are sufficient for turning the correcting member and passing therethrough. At one time, the force that the correcting member brings to the medium will reduce to zero. As such, the medium will not be damaged by the correcting member while being conveyed.

Abstract: A portable electronic device includes a battery for providing electricity to the portable electronic device; a housing for accommodating the battery; a battery cover for covering the battery; a latch affixed to the housing in a slidable manner along a first direction, wherein when the latch is at a first position, the latch is capable of fixing the battery cover and the housing together; and an elastic unit for lifting the battery cover when the latch is at a second position.

Abstract: A variable-gain low-noise amplifier is provided. The variable-gain low-noise amplifier includes a first load, a second load, an input transistor, a pole/zero control circuit, and a gain control circuit. A first terminal of the first load is connected to a power-source voltage, and a second terminal thereof is connected to an output terminal. The second load is operated in response to a bias voltage, and a first terminal thereof is connected to the output terminal. A first terminal of the input transistor is connected to the second terminal of the second load, and a gate thereof is connected to an input terminal. The pole/zero control circuit adjusts frequency characteristics and a gain in response to at least one pole/zero control signal. A first terminal of the pole/zero control circuit is connected to the input terminal, and a second terminal thereof is connected to the output terminal. The gain control circuit adjusts the gain in response to at least one gain control signal.