Abstract: A facial frame surrounds a greater arcuate portion of the patient's face, than has been used heretofore. The frame includes fasteners for a dental dam, preferably made from a thin rubber sheet. The frame has fasteners which are oriented so that the dam may be attached to them after it has been installed over the patient's teeth. Other fasteners are on the frame and positioned so that dental tape may be used to tie it in place about a patient's head. The geometry is such that the dental dam does not restrict either the working or the visible area of the patient's mouth.

Abstract: A smoking system is provided to hold a smoking pipe and smoking material in a compact container and provide a quick and efficient method to fill the pipe with the smoking material.

Abstract: A bidirectional telewriting system for two-way transmission of telewriting ata over a transmission channel which is shared by a speech link. A frequency window is used within the speech frequency band, within which a single carrier is used. A commutator at each terminal causes a reversal in the direction of transmission of the telewriting data over the single carrier.

Abstract: A hand-held pulverizer which is compact and efficient to use is provided to pulverize or grind a material. A cover is removably attached to a hollow cylindrical casing containing a mesh screen. A grinder disc is securely affixed to one end of a shaft rotatably mounted in the cover and is in frictional contact with the mesh screen. A handle attached to the shaft above the cover permits the shaft and disc to be rotated, grinding or pulverizing the material placed on the screen beneath the disc. A collecting plate attached to the bottom of the cylindrical casing receives the pulverized material falling through the screen.

Abstract: In the disclosed teletext system, the transmitter station broadcasts data cks data from several channels, the data packs being time multiplexed. Each data pack comprises a prefix signal for causing a teletext receiver either to accept the data packs of a selected channel or to reject data packs from other channels. In addition to the prefix, and possibly page flags followed by page numbers and row flags followed by row numbers, the sequence of eight-bit words, transmitted in a pack, may comprise escape eight-bit words which are followed by type identity eight-bit words, themselves followed by a sequence of characters to be displayed in the same type the identity of which is determined by the preceding type identity eight-bit words.

Abstract: There is described a stump removing tool particularly designed for separating cauliflower flowerets from the stump thereof. It may also be useful for coring cabbages. The tool comprises a cylinder having an upper cutting edge and a nose piece, the apex of which includes meridian blades having cutting edges. When the nose piece is penetrating into the cauliflower head, the base of which is placed on the cylinder, the cauliflower flowerets are spread while the meridian blades first cut the cauliflower head center into tapers; then, the inside cylinder cut the stump into tapers which fall. A machine is also described which comprises a conveyor belt adapted to be advanced step by step, the belt carrying regularly spaced tool cylinders, and a vertical frame. A slide is in the frame and over the mounted tool nose pieces.

Abstract: A contact lens is constructed with an anterior surface which is radially unsymmetrical and a posterior surface which is composed of multiple curves. The lens is designed to properly adhere and center on the cornea. An aperture or hole is formed in the peripherally located curves, for locally enabling an increase in the magnitude of the fluid forces acting upon the lens. In a properly constructed contact lens, this increase in the fluid forces acting upon the lens creates an effect for tightening the lens fit in the sector of the lens which contains the aperture or hole. Clinically, this sector tightening effect has a magnitude which is capable of holding a properly tailored contact lens, stable in a specifically desired vertical orientation.

Abstract: Heat is supplied to the solvent bath of a vapor degreasing apparatus by a heat pump system to maintain the solvent bath in a constantly boiling state and generate a zone of solvent vapor above the bath. The solvent vapor is condensed on a cooling coil through which the heat-carrying medium of the heat pump system is being circulated, thereby transferring heat from the solvent vapors to the heat-carrying medium. Thereafter, the heat-carrying medium is compressed and discharged directly into the solvent bath while a portion of the condensed solvent vapors is diverted into the cooling coil.

Abstract: A four phase staggered phase shift keying modulator system having means to modulate a voltage controlled oscillator generating the carrier by positive or negative pulses of a predetermined duration to shift the phase of the carrier by +90.degree. or -90.degree., the positive or negative being produced by individual coding of a series of applied pulses.

Abstract: A distributed telephone switching control circuit enables a plurality of separate switching networks to behave as if they were a single and integrated switching network. A data processor is individually associated with each separate network. Other data processors are common to all of the separate switching networks. The individual and common processors exchange signals to enable the separate networks to behave as if they were a single integrated network.

Abstract: A system for casting cement uses a plurality of lightweight forms made from a ladder-like, aluminum member covered on one side by a sheet of transparent plastic. The forms may be assembled and erected in any desired and suitable shape or configuration. As cement is poured, its surface may be viewed through the transparent plastic to find and correct surface blemishes. A series of connector and optional connection points enables the system to be used in many alternative ways.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of attaching carbide inserts to the tips of steel saw blades, and other tools. The manufacturing steps include (a) forming a band of discrete carbide inserts attached, in one embodiment, to a foil ribbon of brazing material, (b) holding the insert against the steel saw blade tooth, (c) heating the junction between the insert and steel to melt the brazing material, and (d) forcing the insert into a self-formed seat in the plastic steel. In some embodiments, the foil of brazing material is used primarily for holding, supporting and feeding the carbide inserts to the welding head. The brazing material is primarily vaporized by the welding heat so that little or none of it remains in the weld at the interface between the carbide inset and the steel of the saw blade. This forms a bond which has some attributes of both welding and brazing at a very strong mechanical joint.

Abstract: A decorative personal electric heating appliance has an exterior covering in the form of a stuffed animal, doll, novelty item, etc. having a predetermined appearance, texture or feel which is psychologically attractive and cuddly. The exterior covering encloses an internal fluid-containing bladder having a fill opening. An electric immersion heater means is provided in the bladder for heating the fluid. The stopper for the bladder fill opening and the electrical connector for the electric heater are located recesses in the exterior covering covered by childproof caps camouflaged to blend in with the exterior covering. A temperature indicator is provided on the exterior covering to indicate the temperature of the appliance. The bladder may be emptied and refilled with a cold medium to enable the appliance to be used for cooling if desired.

Abstract: A pump has a boost-retarding device which comprises a cylinder communicating between the suction side and the discharge side of the pump. A plunger slidably and reciprocatingly fits into the cylinder and a lead passage communicates between the suction side and the discharge sides which are divided by the plunger. An adjustable spring biases the plunger toward the discharge side, and a valve mechanism cuts off the outflow of a liquid, from the discharge side to the suction side, which outflow occurs responsive to a movement of the plunger toward the suction side.

Abstract: A plastic bag is made from any suitable material, such as polyethylene film, with a perforated slit formed therein, so that the bag may be hung on a doorknob, hook, or the like. The bag may be used to protect a newspaper or other item intended to be left at a door.

Abstract: Apparatus for evaluating the error rate of a binary digital signal transmitted according to a multiple level modulation process in which a received signal is connected to a main and an auxiliary demodulator in parallel, the auxiliary modulator including means to disturb the signal, the output from the main demodulator being applied to a comparator to provide a first signal according to the comparison of a first signal pattern with a second signal pattern and the auxiliary demodulator including a comparator whose output provides a second signal according to the state of modulation of first and second received signals, the first and second signals being applied to a modulo 2 adder whose output is applied to a counter.

Abstract: An indicator which is suitable for measuring a body temperature has a generally planar member shaped for retention against a very small outer surface of a body. A temperature-sensitive material is visually activatable within a predetermined temperature range. The temperature-sensitive substance emits, reflects or refracts visible radiation to indicate the temperature. The color sequence in normal white light progresses from tan through red, green and blue and ultraviolet on temperature activation, the color red normally being the first easily visible response when the temperature reaches its responsive range. Thereafter, the color falls off and tends to remain a blue color after the temperature moves above the activation range. An optical filter visually blocks out the blue color to limit the response to the active range.

Abstract: An electro-optical light wave modulator is a waveguide constituted by a thin electro-optic material layer on which conductive clads are deposited and supported by a substrate. The refractive index of the thin layer is larger than that of air and that of the substrate material, so that vertical guiding is inherently ensured.The conductive clads form a divergent arrangement which opens towards a light input. At the device inlet, the distance between the conductive clads is large enough for guiding one or several light wave modes. At the device outlet, the corresponding distance is too small for guiding any mode when no difference of voltage is applied to the clads. When the voltage difference between the two clads reaches a certain value, the resulting electric field enable the device outlet to guide one or several modes, depending on such a voltage value. By varying the voltage difference, it is possible to modulate light which is outgoing from the device outlet.