Abstract: This invention relates to a process for refining metals in a refining vessel, by means of a tuyere embedded in the bottom or sidewall of the vessel and through which a refining gas is blown into the vessel. The tuyere is composed of at least three concentric pipes, the refining gas being made to pass through the central pipe and a protective medium being made to pass into the vessel through the spaces between the pipes which surround the central pipe. All of the pipes except the outermost pipe which is fixedly embedded in the refractory lining of the vessel, are individually movable longitudinally into the vessel.

Abstract: Triamino pyridine compounds, and their precursors, are described from which polymers exhibiting excellent thermal stability are prepared by reaction with selected di-, tri- or tetra-functional acid derivatives.

Abstract: A composition suitable as a negative working photoresist composition comprising an N-vinyl compound such as N-vinyl carbazole, an organic halogen compound which is a source of free radicals, and as a binder, a maleic acid anhydride modified rosin. The resist composition is deposited on a suitable support and is exposed to a pattern of radiation in the usual way. A negative image is obtained by development with an alkaline liquid.

Abstract: This invention provides photosensitive compositions based on leuco dye and dye bases and which exhibit improved sensitivity and improved resistance to dark fogging as a consequence of the incorporation of organic bis-sulfide or sulfinyl ester compounds into photosensitive compositions comprising at least one leuco dye and at least one styryl, cyanine or merocyanine dye base. Preferably an additional improvement comprises provision of an overcoat for the photosensitive composition of this invention when in the form of thin films on a support such as a polyester or a paper sheet or glass plate. The overcoat acts to improve the shelf life and photosensitometric properties of the photosensitive composition.

Abstract: An apparatus for obtaining rapid bonding of thermoplastic materials to themselves or other similar or different materials by means of a high velocity high temperature direct flame in combination with pressure. This achieves a sufficiently rapid treatment so that the properties of the materials are not substantially detrimentally affected. Thin laminates of highly oriented materials can be bonded without loss of strength characteristics.

Abstract: This invention relates to free-radical, non-silver,photosensitive films, particularly those suitable for optical development as described in United States Patent 3,510,300. The invention comprises the incorporation of metal di-substituted dithiocarbamates and dithiophosphinates into otherwise known photosensitive compositions to inhibit fog formation and to provide aging stability to such compositions. Preferably, an additional improvement comprises provision of an overcoat for the photosensitive composition of this invention when in the form of thin films on a support such as a polyester of a paper sheet or glass plate. The overcoat acts to improve the shelf life and photosensitometric properties of the photosensitive composition.

Abstract: Combustion products, especially those from electric power generating installations burning high sulfur fuels are treated to remove solids and then to separate physically sulfur containing constituents, such as SO.sub.2 and/or SO.sub.3 from other gases in the combustion products mixture by means of an ultra high speed gas centrifuge or a gas cyclone. The recovered oxides of sulfur in a heated condition are utilized in any desired chemical reaction. For example, they may be passed over dry NaCl and reacted therewith to yield sodium sulfate and chlorine, both of which can be recovered, and/or they may be passed directly over suitable catalysts in the presence of air to produce a pure grade of sulfur trioxide which can be absorbed in water to manufacture concentrated sulfuric acid.

Abstract: A light weight apparatus for sampling a gas mixture, especially a gas under pressure, in order to ascertain the extent of contamination in said mixture, including gaseous, liquid and solid contaminants. The apparatus includes in combination a filter means to capture a sample of the solid particulates and the vapor and a means to capture a representative sample of pressurized gas. A novel fitting in which two hypodermic needles are embedded is operatively connected to the pressurized gas at one of its ends and to a sampling tube at the other of its ends. A modified fitting is used to obtain a sample of the ambient atmosphere if this is desired.

Abstract: A simulated bowling game includes solid state logic circuitry for simulating the position of a bowling ball as it is rolled down the alley, for determining the simulated disposition of the pins upon impact by the ball, and for computing the score of each player after each simulated roll of the ball. In order to imitate the roll of a ball, a player selects an initial ball position and an initial ball direction. Encoders provide signals which correspond to the selected initial ball position and direction, and a random number generator provides a spin factor signal. A horizontal displacement signal is computed from the ball direction signal and the spin factor signal and is added to the ball position signal to establish the horizontal ball position at successive vertical positions along the alley.

Abstract: Soluble polyphosphazenes which can be cured at moderate temperatures by the action of moisture are obtained when polyphosphazenes containing small amounts of OH functionality in the side chains are reacted with an excess of polyisocyanate in the presence of a suitable catalyst.

Abstract: HIgh molecular weight poly(dihalophosphazenes) which exhibit solubility in benzene and in substituted benzenes are prepared in solution or in bulk from dihalophosphazenes such as (Cl.sub.2 PN).sub.3.sub.-7 at moderate temperatures by the use of novel polymerization catalysts.

Abstract: Triamino pyridine compounds, and their precursors, are described from which polymers exhibiting excellent thermal stability are prepared by reaction with selected di-, tri- or tetra-functional acid derivatives.

Abstract: Additions of small amounts of fine particle size specialized monoclinic inorganic crystals to otherwise relatively pure polyalkylene terephthalate molding compounds increases the rate and extent of crystallization and the specific gravity of the polyalkylene terephthalate molded part. Both low and high molecular weight polyalkylene terephthalates are improved with regard to physical properties and dimensional stability through addition of these small quantities of these specialized monoclinic materials. Under controlled conditions of injection and forming, anisotropic properties may be obtained as a consequence of the effect and extent of the crystallization of the polyalkylene terephthalates which has been promoted by these strongly active nucleating agents.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring a dimension of an object which is travelling through a measuring position comprising a conveying belt, a pair of plane mirrors each of which is arranged at each side of said conveying belt, a laser light source producing a laser light beam which is repeatedly reflected between said plane mirrors so as to form a light screen at said measuring position and a photoelectric converting device receiving the laser beam leaving said plane mirrors. The apparatus further comprises a pulse generator for producing a number of pulses a repetition rate of which is proportional to the movement of said object, a pulse counter for counting the number of said pulses for a time interval during which said object enters in said light screen and a device for calculating said dimension of the object on the basis of a count value of said pulse counter.

Abstract: A miniature switch with a removable cap on the actuator, so that any cap may be replaced with another of different appearance.

Abstract: A prefabricated reach-in refrigerator-freezer which has a floor panel, a front panel with doors, right and left side panels, a back panel and a ceiling panel supporting a refrigerating unit. All the areas where the above panels come into contact with each other are connected and sealed with removable joints to enable easy assembly and disassembly.

Abstract: A procedure for providing bores or other internal passages in hot isostatically pressed powder metal articles, especially those formed of nickel- or cobalt-base superalloys in which the passage is defined by a thin walled metal tube filled with refractory oxide (MgO or SiO.sub.2), which is embedded in the metal powder. After hot isostatic pressing the refractory oxide core is removed by leaching, leaving a smooth bore in the finished article.

Abstract: A method for monitoring the optical development of non-silver free radical film in which the fog buildup in a selected non-image portion of the film is used to control the intensity and/or duration of the development exposure so as to insure a desired level of contrast between image and non-image areas in the developed film.

Abstract: Fire resistant poly(phosphazene) vulcanizates can be produced as foams or as foam coatings. The resulting articles exhibit excellent flame retardancy.

Abstract: An improved synthesis of N,N',N",N'"-tetra-salicylidene pentaerythrityl tetramine via pentaerythrityl benzene or toluene sulfonates.