Abstract: Austenitic iron base alloys containing nickel and with relatively high aluminum and chromium contents within ranges which are critical to the formation of an aluminum oxide protective film when the alloys are exposed to oxidizing environments at temperatures up to about 1700.degree. F. The alloys exhibit excellent high temperature strength and oxidation resistance.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the removal and recovery of volatile or evaporable substances from materials containing them. In other embodiments, the invention is readily applicable for the simultaneous incineration and concentration of such materials, particularly spent water-diluted effluents from industries and municipalities as well as for the generation of electric power from various thermal fuels, particularly power gas produced from coal or oil. In further embodiments, the reclamation of oil, from oil sands and shales, is effected as well as the cyclic pulping of cellulosic materials with cyclic recovery of heat and chemicals.

Abstract: Soluble precyclized precursors to polybenzimidazoles and similar polyheterocyclic polymers are prepared by reacting (1) an acid derivative such as a bis(acid halide) or mono(acid halide)anhydride or dianhydride of a di-, tri-, or tetra-basic acid, with (2) an acid salt of a tetraaminopyridine in which the four position is substituted with an alkyl group, or with (2) an acid salt of an .alpha.,.alpha.-N,N'-disubstituted tetraaminopyridine, or with (2) an acid salt of a N,N'-disubstituted bipyridyl compound.

Abstract: Scrap photographic film comprising at least a four component system involving a polyalkyleneterephthalate film base, an adhesive or subbing layer utilizing a terpolymer consisting chiefly of polyvinylidenechloride and a gelatin layer containing metallic silver or a compound thereof and a variety of contaminants such as causal dirt, dyes and the like is broken down for recovery of the valuable constituents therein including the silver, the polyvinylidenechloride terpolymer, and the polyesters by treating the chopped photographic film at an elevated temperature with a solvent for both the polyester and polyvinylidenechloride values in which solvent both the gelatin and silver values are insoluble, under conditions chosen to insure the quantitative recovery of the silver values.

Abstract: Carbon monoxide and hydrogen are produced by spraying a mixture of molten sodium and/or potassium from one nozzle into a chamber maintained at a temperature of 650.degree. C. to 850.degree. C. along with one or more separated sprays containing a slurry of carbon, water and carbon dioxide so that the various sprays contact each other in said hot chamber so constructed so that the reactants are forced into a suitably constructed reactor containing iron and/or its oxide in a semifluid bed powdered condition. Preferably, the reactor contains mixtures of the metals and/or oxides taken from the class of iron, cobalt, nickel and manganese. In a cyclic reaction, the metallic sodium is reconstituted along with continued production of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, the iron type component remaining in the reactor which as a consequence of the reagents and conditions is cyclically oxidized to oxides of iron type elements and reduced to finely divided iron and/or mixtures of iron, cobalt, nickel and manganese.

Abstract: 1. A fully vitrified ceramic element comprising a thin wafer having at least one aperture extending through said wafer, and perpendicular to the major surfaces of said wafer, the composition of said wafer consisting essentially of between 10 and 50 mole percent of at least one oxide selected from the group consisting of the oxides of Cs, Rb, K, Be, Mg, Ca, Ba, Sr, Ce, La, Yt and Zn, and between 90 and 40 mole percent of oxide of a metal selected from the group consisting of titanium, tin and niobium and between 0.5 and 3 mole percent of an oxide forming compound of at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ag, Au, Pd, Mo, W, and Sb.

Abstract: This invention relates to free-radical, non-silver, photosensitive films, particularly those suitable for optical development as described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,510,300. The invention comprises the incorporation of compounds which contain an imine (--C.dbd.N--) function and a hydroxyl group into otherwise known photosensitive compositions to improve optical development and to retard dark fogging so as to thereby provide aging stability to such compositions. Preferably, an additional improvement comprises provision of an overcoat for the photosensitive composition of this invention when in the form of thin films on a support such as a polyester or a paper sheet or glass plate. The overcoat acts to improve the shelf life and photosensitometric properties of the photosensitive composition.

Abstract: A switch with an indicating mechanism having a movable indicating member which appears from and disappears in the upper end of a switch operating member to indicate the position of the switch, a receiving plate having an inclined surface on which the lower end of the operating member slides and being three-dimensionally disposed together with switch contact segments to effectively utilize the entire space inside.

Abstract: This application describes a process and apparatus for gasifying sulphur bearing coal in a molten iron bath which is covered with a sulphur absorbing slag. In order to make the process practical, the hot liquid slag is transferred to a second vessel in which it is desulfurized by contact with an oxygen containing gas, and then returned as hot liquid slag to the iron bath for reuse.

Abstract: A taphole boring or plugging machine having a simple and compact design affording rotation of the tool arm in several planes is provided which comprises: a pivotably supported connection at the free end of the machine tool arm and with a universal joint supported therein, and support bracket which is pivotably supported by the horizontal axle of the universal joint.

Abstract: A process for upgrading polyesters derived from aromatic dicarboxylic acids which comprises reaction of the polyester material (both virgin and scrap) in an aprotic polar solvent with any of the following:A. diisocyanates represented by the general formula R(NCO).sub.2 with difunctional reagents in which the functionality is selected from --OH, --NH and/or --COOH; and,B. isocyanate terminated polymers alone or with the above difunctional reagents.The invention also includes stabilization of the products obtained from the above, with organic phosphites.The polyester products, whether or not stabilized, are found to be upgraded with respect to both molecular weight and processability as compared with the starting material and are readily recoverable in powder form which is most desirable for subsequent use.

Abstract: A process for continuous refining in which liquid pig iron is supplied to a pig iron melt which is at least partially refined while said melt is being intensively agitated, the refining means (preferably oxygen) is introduced into the pig iron melt by means of tuyeres mounted in the refining vessel, and discharging the refining means beneath the surface of thepig iron melt, the tuyeres being positioned and the refining means being furnished so that the kinetic energy of the refining means contributes to the bath agitation. The tuyeres are preferably composite tuyeres like those described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,706,549 issued Dec. 19, 1972 and 3,771,998 issued Nov. 13, 1973, for discharging oxygen surrounded by a gaseous and/or liquid hydrocarbon, and possibly lime or other solid powder into the bath.

Abstract: An improved apparatus for supplying the refining gas and protective media utilized in the refining process described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,706,549 issued Dec. 19, 1972, including valves provided in the supply lines for preventing malfunctioning of the process.

Abstract: An improvement in the refining of molten metals in a converter by means of oxygen introduced into the metal through tuyeres which include two concentric pipes, oxygen being passed into the melt through the central pipe and a protective fluid being passed into the melt as a sheath or screen around the oxygen, through the clearance space between the two pipes. In the present invention two tuyeres, disposed horizontally and each passing through the convertor sidewall permit refining to be accomplished without any slopping or splashing of the melt and with only minor wear of the convertor lining.

Abstract: A colored image in a polymer binder is obtained by polymerization of a mixture comprising (1) at least one polymerizable monomer, (2) a halogen containing activator (free radical source), (3) a binder, and (4) at least one normally bleachable dye, dissolved in such mixture; the polymerization being accomplished by imagewise exposure of said composition to a suitable dose of radiation, and is accompanied by fixing of the dye to the photopolymer. As a consequence, the dyes lose their bleaching characteristic and when the exposed areas are developed with a strong acid such as one which would normally bleach the dye, the dye is bleached from only the unexposed areas. If the developer also includes an aliphatic alcohol, the unexposed areas may be removed, leaving a relief image with color in the raised portions.

Abstract: A process for producing composite bodies consisting of discrete particles, embedded in a metallic embedding material, in which the particles are positioned relative to the embedding material and the resulting composite is subjected to isostatic compression at pressures which suffice to cause the particles to be embedded.

Abstract: A process for the disposal of paper pulp mill sludge by incorporating the sludge in the digestion step of a wood pulping operation without detrimental effects on the quality of the pulp obtained. In one aspect, the sludge is surplus sludge which is obtained from a system which microbiologically purifies spent wood pulping liquor by aeration and sedimentation.

Abstract: Ceramic shell molds are removed from cast turbine blades by contacting the shell mold with a concentrated solution of HF whereby the binder of the shell is destroyed and the shell material falls away from the metal casting.

Abstract: An igniter for a rocket motor consisting of a cylindrical tube having an open end and a closed end, a reduced section at the closed end, a plurality of segments extending outwardly from near the closed end, a squib secured in the reduced section, a charge in the tube and a polyurethane foam plug in the open end of the tube.

Abstract: Apparatus for batchwise feeding of powders or other particulate materials from a pressurized supply vessel with a sealable discharge orifice including a movable sealing-and-metering member and a seal against which it seals during periods of non-discharge.