Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of compounds selected from the group consisting of a polyisocyanate containing urea groups and a polyisocyanate containing biuret groups comprising(a) introducing an organic polyisocyanate into a reaction vessel, and(b) injecting an organic polyamine containing at least two primary amino groups into the organic polyisocyanate in the reaction vessel at a pressure of from about 2 to 1000 bar through a straight jet nozzle having an internal diameter of from about 0.01 to 5 mmwherein(i) the polyisocyanate/polyamine NCO/NH.sub.2 molar ratio is at least about 4:1 and(ii) the temperature in the reaction vessel is between about -20.degree. C. to 250.degree. C.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with a method for improving the water storage capacity of textile substrates, particularly fleece based artificial leathers by treatment with a hydrophilizing agent. This agent, once applied to the substrate is insoluble in but swellable in water. The agent in an uncross-linked state is water soluble and has a turbidity point of between about 25.degree. and 95.degree. C. in a 25% aqueous solution. The agent may be applied to the substrate from aqueous solution and then cross-linked or it may be applied to an inert carrier such as kaolin, cross-linked and applied to the substrate from an aqueous suspension. A particularly suitable agent is a polyether with a molecular weight of between 500 and 8500, an ethylene oxide content of about 35 to 80 wt. % and cross-linkable end groups. The end groups may be self cross-linking such as vinyl groups or they may be cross-linkable via a cross-linking promoter such as hexamethylol melamine.

Abstract: Polycarbonate resins which contain sufficient halogenated phenolic residues to impart fire retardant characteristics to articles molded therefrom are stabilized by the addition of a hindered phenol selected from the group consisting of a high molecular weight hindered phenol phosphate, a high molecular weight hindered phenol cyanurate, an ester of a hindered phenolic carboxylic acid and an alcohol having 10-26 carbon atoms, and the reaction of a hindered phenol and an aldehyde. The polycarbonates with the stabilizers of the invention exhibit improved melt flow stabilities and hydrolytic aging characteristics over conventionally stabilized polycarbonates and in most cases over unstabilized polycarbonates.

Abstract: This disclosure is concerned with flame retarded polyethylene terephthalate compositions which have enhanced drip suppression due to the incorporation of a two-phase polyacrylate comprised of a cross-linked elastomeric first phase to which a rigid thermoplastic second phase has been grafted. These compositions have enhanced crystallization velocities and therefore may be molded into colder molds and with shorter mold cycles than has been conventional for polyethylene terephthalate compositions.

Abstract: The present disclosure is concerned with a novel transparent polyurethane polyurea which is particularly suitable for lamination to glass and glasslike transparent plastics. The polymer is the reaction product of high molecular weight diols, optionally low molecular weight diols, dihydroxy carboxylic acids, diisocyanates with only aliphatically and cycloaliphatically bound isocyanates and organic diamines having aliphatically and cycloaliphatically bound primary amino groups. It has specified contents of carboxyl groups and urea groups, and it has a minimum shear modulus at both 20.degree. and 60.degree. C.The present disclosure is also concerned with a process for synthesizing such polymers. A preferred method is to react the diisocyanate and hydroxyl bearing compounds to prepare an isocyanate terminated prepolymer and chain extend with the diamine.

Abstract: Thermoplastic molding compositions are provided comprising from about 80 to 98% by weight of a polycarbonate obtained from diphenols, having a mean weight-average molecular weight M.sub.w from about 10,000 to 200,000 and from about 20 to 2% by weight of a polyester-carbonate and/or polyether-carbonate with mean weight-average molecular weights M.sub.w of from about 50,000 to 300,000, which contain between about 50 and 70% by weight of soft polyester segments or soft polyether segments with mean number-average molecular weights M.sub.n of from about 10,000 to 20,000. The instant invention also relates to a process for the production of said thermoplastic molding compositions.

Abstract: A substantially solvent-free fast low temperature curing polyurethane coating composition is disclosed as well as a procedure for synthesizing it and a procedure for applying it to a flexible substrate. It has a long shelf-life yet cures in about 1 to 5 minutes at temperatures of between about 80.degree. and 180.degree. C. to give a flexible coating. The composition is a mixture of a polyisocyanate melting at more than about 100.degree. C. and a hydroxyl bearing polyurethane prepolymer based upon branched polyethers, monomeric glycols, and polyamines made with a deficit of polyisocyanate. The composition includes an isocyanate addition catalyst and a sodium aluminum silicate type molecular sieve and may include a polyester polyol as an additive or a reactant in forming the prepolymer.

Abstract: This invention relates to the coating of sheet-form textile materials by the reverse process using polyurethanes which, for ecological and economic reasons, are dissolved in a single organic solvent.Segmented, substantially linear polyurethanes of dihydroxy polyesters and/or dihydroxy polyethers, aromatic and/or aliphatic diisocyanates and glycols and/or diamines as chain extenders, are used as surface and adhesive coatings in the form of solutions containing only a single organic solvent. To control coating properties, solutions used for adhesive coatings contain from 1 to 15% by weight based on the weight of the solution of water in addition to the organic solvent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to thermosetting two-component coating compositions containing(A) a prepolymer having an average molecular weight of from 1,000 to 15,000 having an average of from 2 to 4 ketoxime-blocked aromatic isocyanate groups;(B) a crosslinking agent corresponding to the following general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 independently represent hydrogen or C.sub.1 - to C.sub.3 -alkyl groups with the proviso that if R.sup.1 to R.sup.4 all are hydrogen, 75% of the diamine have the cis,cis-structure and optionally(C) pigments, fillers blowing agents or other known additives. The equivalent ratio of blocked isocyanate groups to NH.sub.2 groups is from about 1.35:1 to about 0.95:1, and the coating composition contains not more than about 15% by weight of organic solvents and is free from aqueous polymer dispersions or solutions.

Abstract: This disclosure is concerned with an improved process of treating keratin-containing fiber materials with aqueous solutions of polyisocyanate bisulphite adducts to improve their resistance to felting and shrinkage. The material is pretreated with an aqueous bath containing both a compound carrying a cationic group and the salt of a polyvalent metal or the material is pretreated with just the cationic compound but the polyvalent metal salt is present in the aqueous bath used to apply the bisulphite adduct.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new organic heterocyclic isocyanate which is the reaction product of an organic diisocyanate and an amino or hydroxy nitrile. The invention also relates to a process of producing such isocyanates by reacting an excess of the diisocyanate with the nitrile under conditions under which the nitrile will not decompose and then maintaining the reaction mixture at an elevated temperature until the isocyanate nitrile adduct cyclizes. The reaction may be carried out in the presence of a catalyst for isocyanate addition reactions. Additionally, the invention relates to a process for the production of polyurethane by the reaction of the heterocyclic isocyanates with compounds carrying at least two isocyanate reactive hydrogen atoms per molecule.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new organic heterocyclic isocyanate which is the reaction product of an organic diisocyanate and an amino or hydroxy nitrile. The invention also relates to a process of producing such isocyanates by reacting an excess of the diisocyanate with the nitrile under conditions under which the nitrile will not decompose and then maintaining the reaction mixture at an elevated temperature until the isocyanate nitrile adduct cyclizes. The reaction may be carried out in the presence of a catalyst for isocyanate addition reactions. Additionally, the invention relates to a process for the production of polyurethane by the reaction of the heterocyclic isocyanates with compounds carrying at least two isocyanate reactive hydrogen atoms per molecule.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of aqueous dispersions or solutions of isocyanate polyaddition products characterized in that oligourethanes(a) which have an average molecular weight of less than about 15,000,(b) which contain from about 0 to 120 milliequivalents, per 100 g of solid content, of built-in ionic groups and/or from about 0 to 25% by weight, based on the total weight of the oligourethane, of built-in ethylene oxide units --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polycondensates of the formula 10, their use for absorbing metal ions of the transition elements of the periodic system and their use for the preparation of polymers containing metals of formula 11 which have e.g. improved resistance to heat and to chemicals compared to the corresponding polycondensates of formula 10.

Abstract: The present invention relates to high-molecular weight aromatic polycarbonates, based on diphenols and monofunctional chain stoppers, corresponding to the formula (I) ##STR1## in which Z denotes the radical of a diphenol,n denotes an integer from about 20 to 400,E denotes ##STR2## wherein m denotes 0 or 1 andR denotes H or C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 -alkyl.The present invention also relates to a process for the preparation of the polycarbonates of the formula (I) comprising reacting diphenols of the formula (II)HO--Z--OH (II)whereinZ is a divalent aromatic radical, and/or their chlorocarbonic acid esters in accordance with the processes which are known for the preparation of polycarbonates, in a homogeneous or heterogeneous phase system, with compounds of the formula (III) ##STR3## wherein m denotes 0 or 1 andR denotes H or C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 -alkyl.

Abstract: The method is based on the fact that the particular components are conveyed through separate pipes into a mixing chamber. By measuring the transit time in at least one of the pipes the flowrate can be measured. The flow in the other pipes which is in a fixed ratio to the first flow is then adjusted automatically. For measuring the transit time a heat pulse is injected in at least one of the pipes and the transit time of the heat impulse is measured. The so-measured transit time is converted into an inversely proportional voltage and the flowrate in the other pipes is adjusted proportionally to this voltage. An apparatus is provided for practicing the method. The apparatus comprises flow measuring elements which are electrical connected to control devices which operate flow control devices in the pipes leading to the mixing chamber.

Abstract: The instant invention provides a method for determining the streaming velocity of a streaming liquid by injecting a thermopulse into the liquid and measuring its transit time. The pulse is detected by its ascending flank at downstream points and by its ascending or descending flank at its point of injection. For short transit times, provision is made to eliminate the heat up time of the heating wire imparting the pulse from the transit time measurement. The liquid may stream continuously or discontinuously, and if the later, provision is made to delay measurement on initiation of flow until the flow pattern has stabilized. The time is determined by counting pulses from a pulse generator during the period the pulse is traveling between the point of injection and a detection point or between two detection points.

Abstract: Phosphite-free polycarbonate molding compositions are provided which contain either a boric acid ester containing oxetane groups, a mixture of a boric acid ester containing oxetane groups and a boron-free oxetane compound or a mixture of a boric acid ester which is free from oxetane groups and a boron-free oxetane compound, in amounts between about 0.01 and 1% by weight, relative to the weight of pure polycarbonate resin. A process for stabilizing phosphite-free polycarbonate compositions to light and heat without impairing their resistance to hydrolysis is also provided by the incorporation of either a boric acid ester containing oxetane groups, a mixture of a boric acid ester containing oxetane groups and a boron-free oxetane compound or a mixture of a boric acid ester which is free from oxetane groups and a boron-free oxetane compound.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for increasing the storage stability of solid aromatic isocyanatosulphonic acids by the addition of a substantially apolar, stabilizing agent which is inert towards isocyanate groups and sulphonic acid groups, which has a melting point in the region between about 27.degree. and 250.degree. C. and which, in the molten state, is a non-solvent for the isocyanatosulphonic acids. The present invention also relates to mixtures which are stable in storage and which may be in the form of a moist powder or a paste containing a mixture of solid, finely dispersed, aromatic isocyanatosulphonic acid and the substantially apolar, inert stabilizing agent mentioned above.

Abstract: Polyalkylene terephthalates containing 0.5-30% by weight of oligomeric carboxylic acid polyesters have a higher crystallization speed and thus allow lower mold temperatures and shorter injection cycles. The polyalkylene terephthalates generally have intrinsic viscosities in excess of about 0.4 dl/g in 1:1 phenol tetrachloroethane at 25.degree. C. and are at least about 90 mol % terephthalic acid based. The oligomer additive is based on carboxylic acids, with sebacic and adipic being preferred, and aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or araliphatic dihydric alcohols. This additive has a minimum polymerization degree of 2 and a maximum number-average molecular weight of about 6000.Faster crystallization rates can be imparted to polyalkylene terephthalates by mixing them with the ester additive and melt homogenizing the mixture.