Abstract: An alkyl 1-hexamethyleneimine-carbothiolate in low concentration has been found insecticidally active in the treatment of substrates which contain or are susceptable to infestation by insects and their larvae, particularly Diptera, and more particularly mosquitoes. The alkyl 1-hexamethylene-carbothiolate can be formulated and applied as a solution, aerosol or admixture within which it is dispersed as an insecticidally effective ingredient.

Abstract: Apparatus for mounting on the deck of a vessel which is useful for dredging oysters or other marine animals from water bottoms which is comprised generally of the combination of (a) a dredge, (b) a tilt-frame with which the dredge is intimately associated in its function of lifting and dumping the contents of the dredge, after its retrieval from the water bottom, and (c) a conveyor, or conveyors, located below the tilt frame, the tilt frame being pivotally mounted above said conveyor, or conveyors, such that when the filled dredge is withdrawn from the water bottoms and rested upon the tilt-frame, the tilt frame will pivot and dump the contents of the dredge onto the conveyor, or conveyors, for transport to a location on the deck of the vessel for separation, assortment, grading or collection.

Abstract: Novel regenerable catalyst-reagents, and a new and improved process utilizing said regenerable catalyst-reagents, for the conversion, and oligomerization of hydrocarbons, notably methane, at relatively low temperatures to produce products rich in ethylene or benzene, or both, usually in admixture with other hydrocarbons; and process for the regeneration of said catalyst-reagents. (a) The catalyst-reagents are multi-functional and are comprised of (1) a Group VIII noble metal having an atomic number of 45 or greater, nickel, or a Group 1-B noble metal having an atomic number of 47 or greater; (2) a Group VI-B metal oxide which is capable of being reduced to a lower oxide, or admixture of metal oxides which includes one or more of such metal oxides; and, (3) a Group II-A metal or alkaline-earth metal, composited with a suitably passivated, spinel-coated refractory support, notably an inorganic oxide support, preferably alumina.

Abstract: A process wherein Group I-A or Group II-A metals, or both, can be ion-exchanged onto coal, especially a high rank coal, notably a subbituminous or bituminous coal, to produce a highly reactive carbonaceous feed for use in gasification reactions, especially to produce high-BTU fuel gases, but also intermediate-BTU or synthesis gas. The coal is treated by contact with an alkaline solution of an admixture of compounds, inclusive of a soluble alkali metal salt and an excess of an alkaline earth metal hydroxide, each of which interacts one with the other to form an alkali metal hydroxide, and an insoluble alkaline earth metal salt precipitate. The coal is treated in a single step by contact with the solution within which both the Group I-A and II-A metal compounds are dispersed, or dissolved.

Abstract: The octane number of a cracked naphtha can be significantly improved in a catalytic cracking unit, without significant decrease in naphtha yield, by maintaining certain critical concentrations of metals on the catalyst, suitably by blending or adding a heavy metals-containing component to the gas oil feed.

Abstract: A process which comprises recracking a cracked naphtha feed containing up to about 60 percent, suitably from about 20 to about 40 percent olefins, over a crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite catalyst to further crack the naphtha and saturate at least about 50 percent of the olefins, preferably from about 90 percent to about 100 percent of the olefins, based on the weight of said cracked naphtha feed. In a preferred combination a gas oil is catalytically cracked in a first stage to produce a cat cracked naphtha product of high olefin content, and an intermediate boiling component thereof is recracked as a feed in a second stage over a zeolite catalyst to saturate the olefins, and hydrodenitrogenate and hydrodesulfurize said cat cracked naphtha. The recracked cat cracked naphtha is then hydrotreated at low to mild severities and then catalytically reformed (hydroformed) to produce high octane gasoline.

Abstract: A process which comprises recracking a cracked naphtha feed containing up to about 60 percent, suitably from about 20 to about 40 percent olefins, over a crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite catalyst to further crack the naphtha and saturate at least about 50 percent of the olefins, preferably from about 90 percent to about 100 percent of the olefins, based on the weight of said cracked naphtha feed. In a preferred combination a gas oil is catalytically cracked in a first stage to produce a cat cracked naphtha product of high olefin content, and an intermediate or high boiling component thereof, or both, is recracked as a feed in a second stage over a zeolite catalyst to saturate the olefins, and hydrodenitrogenate and hydrodesulfurize said cat cracked naphtha. The recracked cat cracked naphtha is then hydrotreated, or hydrofined, at low to mild severities to provide a low sulfur gasoline suitable for addition to a gasoline blending pool.

Abstract: This invention relates to improvements in a process for treating a catalyst, or bed of catalyst, comprised of a composite of an iridium metal or admixture of said metal with other metals, particularly platinum, or admixtures of iridium and platinum with other metals, halogen, and a refractory porous inorganic oxide, notably alumina which has been deactivated by coke deposition thereon, as commonly occurs in a hydroconversion reactions, notably as in upgrading virgin or cracked naphthas in catalytic reforming to produce higher octane products. The time required for reactivation of such catalyst can be shortened by deliberate agglomeration of the iridium, or admixture of iridium and other metal hydrogenation-dehydrogenation components, above about seventy percent, and preferably by essentially complete agglomeration of the iridium, or admixture of iridium and other metal hydrogenation-dehydrogenation components, prior to one or more cycles of sequential reduction/halogenation treatments.

Abstract: Novel regenerable catalyst-reagents, and a new and improved process utilizing said regenerable catalyst-reagents, for the conversion, and oligomerization of hydrocarbons, notably methane, at relatively low temperatures to produce products rich in ethylene or benzene, or both, usually in admixture with other hydrocarbons; and process for the regeneration of said catalyst-reagents. (a) The catalyst-reagents are multi-functional and are comprised of (1) a Group VIII noble metal having an atomic number of 45 or greater, nickel, or a Group I-B noble metal having an atomic number of 47 or greater; (2) a Group VI-B metal oxide which is capable of being reduced to a lower oxide, or admixture of metal oxides which includes one or more of such metal oxides; and, (3) a Group II-A metal or alkaline-earth metal, composited with a suitably passivated, spinel-coated refractory support, notably an inorganic oxide support, preferably alumina.

Abstract: A process for desensitizing a hypersensitive, high activity reforming catalyst for suppression of hydrogenolysis which is particularly acute during the early portion of the period that the catalyst is placed on stream, i.e., at the startup of a reactor. The catalyst is constituted of a composite which includes a Group VIII noble metal hydrogenation-dehydrogenation component, notably platinum, iridium or rhenium, and a sulfurous acid or sulfuric acid component. Hydrogenolysis is suppressed by incorporating within such reforming catalyst at the time of its preparation a sulfurous acid or sulfuric acid component.

Abstract: A process for desensitizing a hypersensitive, high activity reforming catalyst for suppression of hydrogenolysis which is particularly acute during the early portion of the period that the catalyst is placed on stream, i.e., at the startup of a reactor. The catalyst is constituted of a composite which includes a Group VIII noble metal hydrogenation-dehydrogenation component, notably platinum, iridium or rhenium, and tellurium. Hydrogenolysis is suppressed by incorporating within such reforming catalyst at the time of its preparation an element, or a compound or salt of tellurium.

Abstract: A process for desensitizing a hypersensitive, high activity reforming catalyst for suppression of hydrogenolysis which is particularly acute during the early portion of the period that the catalyst is placed on stream, i.e., at the startup of a reactor. The catalyst is constituted of a composite which includes a Group VIII noble metal hydrogenation-dehydrogenation component, notably platinum, iridium, and selenium. Hydrogenolysis is suppressed by incorporating within such reforming catalyst at the time of its preparation an element, or a compound or salt of selenium.

Abstract: A vacuum pan is controlled by directly monitoring the total solids concentration of a boiling solution. A preferred type of process relates the change in concentration of sugar in a massecuite to the growth rate and increase in the number of crystals, and uses this relationship to control the rate of growth of the crystals by setting temperature and pressure to correspond to the rate of crystal growth desired. Water is evaporated from the pan solution at reduced temperature and pressure. Massecuite is withdrawn from the pan, and split into two streams: (1) a first stream wherein the mother liquor is separated from the sugar crystals and analyzed to determine the total sucrose content of the stream, and (2) a second stream which is analyzed to determine the count and size of the crystals. The sum-total of the two streams is used to determine the total concentration of sugar. Readings taken over definite intervals determine the rate of growth of the crystals.

Abstract: A process for the treatment of a hydrogel by contact thereof with an aqueous solution containing from about 0.1 to 20 percent, by weight, of a water soluble mono- or polycarboxylic acid, preferably one which contains from 1 to about 12 carbon atoms, and more preferably from about 2 to about 8 carbon atoms. Suitably, the acid treatment can be incorporated with a wash step which removes the sulfates and other soluble salts, as well as the bayerite, or the acid treatment can be employed subsequent to a wash step, prior to, or simultaneously with a pore volume extending step. The hydrogel can thus be subsequently contacted and separately treated with the acid-containing aqueous solution to remove the bayerite, or the acid can be dissolved in a solution which also contains certain critical amounts of specified type of water soluble polymer in a pore volume extending step.

Abstract: A primary sensing device, or apparatus, for measuring energy level changes, or variations, in a medium capable of transmitting energy. An elongated reed, the ends of which are tensioned upon suitable support means, is acted upon by the energy level changes, or variations, within the medium and energy is absorbed by the reed which causes the latter to resonate in a harmonic mode to produce nodes and antinodes in known relation to the amount of energy transmitted thereto by the medium and absorbed by said reed. An output signal, suitably as produced by one or a plurality of strain gauges, is taken off from the resonating reed, and interpreted via suitable read-out means as an intelligible signal indicative of the change in magnitude of the variable property measured within the medium.

Abstract: A hydrofining process wherein an olefinic naphtha hydrocarbon feed in vapor phase is contacted, in a fixed bed, with a catalyst of small particle size at low pressure. Suitably, a catalyst of average particle size no greater than, or less than about 1/20 inch is employed. Preferably, the catalyst is of average particle size ranging from about 200 microns to about 1/20 inch, and more preferably the catalyst is of average particle size ranging from about 1/40 inch to about 1/20 inch. By the use of such catalyst at total pressures ranging from about 60 to about 300 psig, preferably from about 80 to about 200 psig, it has been found that the rate of hydrodesulfurization of the naphtha feed is considerably increased, and yet there is significantly less saturation of the olefins, and other nonreactive hydrocarbons with hydrogen.

Abstract: This laryngoscope blade comprises an illuminated, molded tongue retractor, wherein, as viewed by a patient, a suction conduit extends up the left side of the blade, from just short of the distal tip of the blade, to the proximal end of the blade, with means for attachment to a separate suction hose and vacuum pump. A flow of 100% oxygen is provided near the distal tip of the blade through a second conduit, smaller in diameter than the first, extending down the right side of the blade from the proximal end of the blade, with means for attachment to a separate oxygen delivery hose and oxygen source. The improved blade is uniquely shaped to facilitate endotracheal intubation, in a 100% oxygen environment, with high-volume suction immediately available, at the glottis, in the illuminated field of view.

Abstract: A new and improved magazine for use in automatic fluid injectors, and novel fluid injector for use in accurately measuring and injecting preselected quantitites of fluid specimens, or samples, into various media, e.g., a receptacle or septum inlet of a modern analytical instrument. In its preferred aspects, the invention is comprised of a new and novel magazine-injector combination.

Abstract: A process for the production, by spontaneous or induced mutations from a parent microorganism of the genus Cellulomonas (ATCC-21399), of selected mutants which have the ability to excrete L-glutamic acid or L-lysine, or both, inclusive particularly of certain of the mutant strains produced by the mutagenesis, to wit: Cellulomonas sp. ATCC-21399 strain LC-10, Cellulomonas sp. ATCC-21399 strain A.sup.r -1, and Cellulomonas sp ATCC-21399 strain A.sup.r -156. In a preferred process comestible, digestible protein is produced from these strains in an aqueous culture medium, or broth, which contains an assimilable source of carbon, particularly cellulose, nitrogen and mineral nutrients. The mutant strains are comparable with the parent organism in cellulolytic activity and growth rate, but the nutritional requirements, notably the need of a yeast extract, are far less exacting than for the parent microorganism, or microorganisms.

Abstract: An apparatus for sampling and injecting measured liquid samples into the septum inlet of an analytical instrument or the like.