Abstract: A process, or procedure, for the start-up of reforming units, particularly those employing highly active sulfur-sensitive polymetallic, promoted noble metal containing catalysts. On start-up of a reforming unit, a sulfur-containing naphtha feed is fed at reforming conditions over a platinum-catalyst containing lead reactor of a series while bypassing subsequent reactors of the series, the product therefrom is separated into hydrogen-containing gas and C.sub.5.sup.+ liquid fractions, the hydrogen-containing gas fraction is desulfurized and dried and recycled to the platinum-catalyst containing lead reactor and, after sufficient hydrogen has been generated for operation of a Hydrofiner which is used to hydrodesulfurize the naphtha feed for the reformer, product from the platinum-catalyst containing lead reactor is fed to subsequent reactors of the series which contain the more sulfur-sensitive catalysts.

Abstract: A catalyst constituted of a Group VI-B metal, especially chromium and molybdenum, composited with an inorganic oxide support, notably alumina, neutralized; and the use of such catalyst in reforming naphthas of high olefin content, particularly non-hydrofined olefinic naphthas which contain high concentrations of nitrogen and sulfur.

Abstract: A catalyst constituted of a composite which includes hydrogenation-dehydrogenation components comprised of palladium and rhenium to which a small amount of iridium is added to increase the aromatic content of the reformate, particularly the high octane C.sub.9 + aromatics, and reduce the cooking tendency of the catalyst. It also encompasses the process of employing such catalyst in reforming, particularly high severity low pressure, semi-regenerative reforming.

Abstract: Apparatus and process for the beneficiation, or for the continuous hydraulic elutriation of particulate solids. The apparatus is characterized generally as an elongate vessel, with a width of V-shaped cross-section. The upper side of the vessel is provided with launders, or overflow weirs, suitably arranged in series along the two side walls of the vessel. An elongate upwardly faced compartment is provided at the bottom of the vessel by the converging side walls, and preferably it is compartmented. The vessel is provided at one end with a particulate solids inlet, and the opposite end with a particulate solids outlet; and means are provided at the bottom of the vessel for the introduction of liquid. Pumps are employed to withdraw overflow liquid from the launders, and inject same into the vessel bottom compartment, or compartments.

Abstract: An adsorption process for the recovery of hydrogen from a feed gas or vapor which contains hydrogen in admixture with one or more hydrocarbon components, alone or in admixture with non-hydrocarbon components. Particulate adsorbent solids are provided with a magnetizable component, or components, and circulated between an adsorption zone in which hydrogen is concentrated in the off gas by contact of the adsorbent solids with the feed, and hydrogen recovered, and a desorption zone in which the exhausted solids are regenerated. Within the adsorption zone the feed is countercurrently contacted with the solids at relatively low temperature to selectively adsorb hydrocarbon, and perhaps other non-hydrogen components. The solids are formed into a moving, fluidized bed, and magnetically stabilized to suppress gross solids circulation while hydrocarbons are adsorbed from the feed.

Abstract: An adsorption process for the recovery of hydrogen from a feed gas or vapor which contains hydrogen in admixture with one or more hydrocarbon components, alone or in admixture with non-hydrocarbon components. Particulate adsorbent solids are provided with a magnetizable component, or components, and circulated between an adsorption zone in which hydrogen is concentrated in the off gas by contact of the adsorbent solids with the feed, and hydrogen recovered, and a desorption zone in which the exhausted solids are regenerated. Within the adsorption zone the feed is countercurrently contacted with the solids at relatively low temperature to selectively adsorb hydrocarbons, and perhaps other non-hydrogen components. The solids are formed into a moving, fluidized bed, and magnetically stabilized to suppress gross solids circulation while hydrocarbons are adsorbed from the feed.

Abstract: The disclosed invention embodies both catalyst and process. The catalyst is comprised of a Group VIII metal, preferably a noble metal, especially platinum, or copper composited with a low acidity inorganic oxide base, preferably alumina. A bed of the catalyst is contacted at elevated temperature with nitrogen oxide containing gas at net reducing conditions to convert the nitrogen oxide to non-corrosive, innocuous by-products to render the gas useful for reservoir pressure maintenance injection needs. In all embodiments, the base with which the metal, or metals, is composited is one having an acidity ranging from about +6.8 to about +0.8 Ho (Hammet acid function), preferably from about +6.8 to about +1.5 Ho. Inorganic oxide bases, especially alumina, which exhibit a weakly acidic Hammet acidity function, Ho.gtoreq.+0.8, when impregnated with a noble metal, or copper, show a marked improvement in NO.sub.x removal vis-a-vis catalysts prepared by impregnating more strongly acidic aluminas with said metal species.

Abstract: A catalyst comprised of platinum, copper, selenium and halogen, composited with an inorganic oxide support or carrier, preferably alumina. The catalyst is one which possesses an intrinsically high activity, is stable and can operate at reforming conditions at high severities.

Abstract: A process for the synthesis of catalysts by pre-forming a porous refractory inorganic oxide support, or carrier from a coarse particulate solid, preferably an alumina extrudate, contacting said preformed support with an acid solution, and then treating, contacting and neutralizing said preformed acid treated support with a base prior to the impregnation of said neutralized support with a metal, or metals, hydrogenation-dehyrdogenation component. The preformed solid support ranges at least about 1/32 inch diameter, and preferably at least about 1/16 inch diameter, and larger.

Abstract: A post, or picket, for vertically positioning within the soil for delineation of a section of highway which on vehicular impact is capable of bending in any direction and thereafter, when the vehicle has passed, rebounding to its original position. The body of the post is constituted of a hollow, tubular thermoplastic rubber body, trapezoidal in cross-section throughout its length; and its surface characteristics are such that the surface of the post can be readily colored with highway safety colors, e.g. white, yellow, etc. The post is mounted and retained within the soil via use of a rigid foot member which can be attached to the lower portion thereof, the lower position of the foot member being tapered and provided with sharp, serrated edges for cutting into the soil within which the post is to be erected.

Abstract: A catalyst constituted of a composite which includes hydrogenation-dehydrogenation components comprised of platinum and rhenium to which a small amount of copper is added to suppress hydrogenolysis, which is particularly acute in reforming during the early period of operation when the catalyst is placed on stream, i.e., at the startup of a reactor; and process of employing such catalyst in reforming.

Abstract: A catalyst constituted of a composite which includes hydrogenation-dehydrogenation components comprised of palladium and platinum in total concentration ranging from about 0.2 to about 0.6 percent, in molar concentration of palladium:platinum ranging from about 1:1 to about 10:1 composited with an inorganic oxide support. In its preferred aspects the catalyst composite also contains rhenium, and more preferably a small amount of copper is added to suppress hydrogenolysis, which is particularly acute in reforming during the early period of operation when the catalyst is placed on stream, i.e., at the startup of a reactor; and process of employing such catalysts in reforming.

Abstract: Heat transfer in a hydrocarbon conversion process utilizing a magnetically stabilized fluid bed reactor and a magnetically stabilized catalyst regenerator is improved by the use of a fluidizable solids mixture comprising substantially inert heat carrier particles and magnetizable catalyst particles wherein the inert particles have settling rates higher than the settling rates of the catalyst particles. The heat carrier particles and the magnetizable catalyst particles are completely or partially separated in settling zones associated with the reactor and regenerator. The separated heat carrier particles and catalyst particles are independently circulated between the reactor and regenerator so that the heat carrier particles can be passed through one or more heat exchangers to provide the desired temperature levels in the system.

Abstract: A catalyst constituted of a composite which includes hydrogenation-dehydrogenation components comprised of palladium and rhenium to which a small amount of iridium is added to increase the aromatic content of the reformate, particularly the high octane C.sub.9.sup.+ aromatics, and reduce the coking tendency of the catalyst. It also encompasses the process of employing such catalyst in reforming, particularly high severity low pressure, semi-regenerative reforming.

Abstract: A hydrocarbon conversion process wherein a hydrocarbon feedstock is contacted with a magnetically stabilized fluid bed of particulate solids comprising a mixture of separate, discrete (a) magnetizable substantially non-catalytic particles, and (b) non-magnetizable catalytic particles. The particulate solids mixture is withdrawn from the magnetically stabilized, fluidized bed and separated into magnetizable, substantially non-catalytic particles and non-magnetizable catalyst particles. The non-magnetizable catalytic particles are thereafter regenerated and returned to the hydrocarbon conversion zone. The separated magnetizable, substantially non-catalytic particles are subjected to heat transfer prior to their return to the conversion zone.

Abstract: Compositions, and the process of their use, for extending the useful life of machine elements wherein two metal bearing surfaces are in contact one with the other, or with a working surface, e.g., drill bits, gear faces, bearings, sleeves, bushings, ball-joints, journalled shafts, and the like. The compositions are formed by use of a carrier, e.g., as an oil, grease, synthetic, or the like, by the addition thereto of reactants comprised of an electron donor metal, or compound, and a decomposable plating-metal bearing compound, one or both of which reactants is encapsulated or coated to separate the reactants.

Abstract: A process wherein a magnetic iron precursor component characterized as the mineral ilmenite, FeTiO.sub.3, particularly the natural mineral ilmenite, FeTiO.sub.3, is incorporated within a refractory inorganic oxide particulate mass, notably alumina, silica, silica-alumina, aluminosilicate or precursor thereof, which serves as a matrix. The mineral can be prereduced and then formed into a composite, or said mineral can be dispersed as an inclusion, or inclusions, and the particulate composite mass then treated in a reducing atmosphere to form oriented, laminar layers of reduced iron metal intimately dispersed throughout said particulate composite mass.

Abstract: A process for desensitizing a hypersensitive, high activity reforming catalyst for suppression of hydrogenolysis which is particularly acute during the early portion of the period that the catalyst is placed on stream, i.e., at the startup of a reactor. The catalyst is constituted of a composite which includes a Group VIII nobel metal hydrogenation-dehydrogenation component, notably platinum, and iridium or rhenium, or both, and sulfurous acid or sulfuric acid, or both. Hydrogenolysis is suppressed by use of the catalyst during reforming.

Abstract: A process for killing insects by applying to said insects and to substrates susceptable to infestation by said insects and their larvae an insecticidally effective amount of a composition containing at least one compound of the formula: ##STR1## where: R is alkyl of 1 through 10 carbon atoms, substituted alkyl of 1 through 8 carbon atoms, aryl of 5 through 10 carbon atoms, substituted phenyl, aralkyl of 5 through 13 carbon atoms, substituted aralkyl of 5 through 13 carbon atoms, alkenyl of 3 through 8 carbon atoms, alkynyl of 3 through 8 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of 3 through 12 carbon atoms, cycloalkenyl of 4 through 12 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl alkyl of 4 through 13 carbon atoms, cycloalkenyl alkyl of 5 through 13 carbon atoms, (substituted cycloalkyl)alkyl of 5 through 14 carbon atoms, (substituted cycloalkenyl)alkyl of 5 through 14 carbon atoms, and cyano;R.sub.

Abstract: A biologically pure culture of cellulase-elaborating bacteria of mutant microorganisms of Cellulomonas (ATCC-21399) which have the ability to excrete L-glutamic acid or L-lysine, or both, when the mutant microorganisms are grown in a fermentation medium in the substantial absence of yeast extract on an assimilable source of carbon, and supplied with nitrogen and mineral nutrients, in the presence of oxygen at temperatures ranging from about 20.degree. C. to about 40.degree. C. The preferred mutant microorganisms are selected from the group consisting of: Cellulomonas sp. ATCC-21399 strain LC-10 (ATCC-31230), Cellulomonas sp. ATCC-21399 strain A.sup.r -1 (ATCC-31231) and Cellulomonas sp. ATCC-21399 strain A.sup.r -156 (ATCC-31232).