Abstract: Devices, methods and systems are provided for monitoring of industrial processes. Devices and systems are provided which include a controller module connected to a probe module having a specified metallurgy and a resistor module having a specified resistance value which is capable of identifying the metallurgy of the probe module to the controller module. A resistor device including a resistor having a resistance value which identifies a type of metallurgical material is also provided. The devices and systems provided are inexpensive, portable, easy to set-up and operate by unskilled personnel, may be connected to both desktop and portable computerized devices and can provide real-time monitoring of industrial processes.

Abstract: Methods for controlling wax and other contaminants by improving the dispersion of these materials through the addition of contaminant dispersants to the process of recycling paper and paperboard are disclosed. A preferred contaminant dispersant comprises: a) water; b) a plasticizer; c) an anionic dispersant; d) a surfactant wetting agent; and e) either 1) an acid or lecithin and optionally, a base, or 2) a preneutralized component.

Abstract: Methods to enhance the brightness and brightness stability of paper and paperboard made with Mechanical Pulp are described and claimed. The method involves applying a Penetrant Compound to paper or paperboard in an amount from about 0.001 percent to about 1 percent by weight. The Penetrant Compound can have one component that is either polyamino polyether methylene phosphonate (PAPEMP) and &agr;-glucoheptonic-&ggr;-lactone (GL); or the Penetrant Compound can have two components, where the first component is selected from the group consisting of PAPEMP and GL and the second component is an inorganic salt; or the Penetrant Compound can have three components where one component is selected from the group consisting of PAPEMP and GL, the second component is selected from the group consisting of 3,5-dimethylperhydrothiadiazine-2-thion and dialkyldithiocarbamates and the third component is an inorganic salt.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a method of improving retention and drainage performance in a papermaking process comprising adding to the furnish an effective amount of a low molecular weight water-soluble cationic dispersion polymer prepared by polymerizing one or more cationic monomers and one or more nonionic monomers and one or more chain transfer agents under free radical forming conditions in an aqueous solution of an anionic salt in the presence of a stabilizer polymer, wherein the cationic dispersion has a cationic charge of from about 10 mole percent to about 80 mole percent and an RSV of from about 0.2 dl/g to about 6 dl/g.

Abstract: A stable aquasol containing colloidal silica having a surface area of from about 700 m2/g to about 1100 m2/g, and an S-value of from about 20 to about 50; wherein the colloidal silica is not surface treated; wherein the molar ratio of SiO2/Na2O in the colloidal silica is greater than about 13.0:1 and is less than about 17.0:1; and wherein the aquasols have a percent by weight SiO2 solids level of from about 7.00 percent to about 16.80 percent is described and claimed.

Abstract: Novel branched or crosslinked polymers containing (meth)acrylamidopropyltrimethyl ammonium halide; (meth)acrylic acid or 2-(meth)acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid; methylene bis-acryamide and the like; and a C4-C22 alkyl (meth) acrylate and the use thereof in papermaking, subterranean well drilling and well cementing operations is disclosed.

Abstract: A system and method are provided which enables the monitoring and if desired controlling of fouling within a fluid system. The present invention includes a pseudo-fouling detector system with a pair of identical sensors, where said sensors measure a variable, such as, temperature or pH, in a fluid, producing an electric output representative of the variable. The variable measurements are used to calculate a fouling index which is further used to develop fouling treatment strategies for controlling the amount of fouling in the fluid system.

Abstract: A method to determine whether the desired amount of treatment product is present in water that cut flowers are placed in, is described and claimed. The method comprises formulating the treatment product so that it contains an inert fluorescent tracer, wherein the inert fluorescent tracer is added in a known proportion to the rest of the treatment product, then using a fluorometer to detect the fluorescent signal of the fluorescent tracer. The fluorescent signal of the fluorescent tracer is used to determine the amount of fluorescent tracer present and the amount of fluorescent tracer present is then used to determine the amount of treatment product present in the water that cut flowers are placed in.

Abstract: A method of reducing the formation of coke deposits on the heat-transfer surfaces of an ethylene dichloride to vinyl chloride pyrolysis furnace comprising exposing the heat transfer surfaces of said pyrolysis furnace to a phosphine selected from the group consisting of phosphines with the general formula: wherein R1, R2 and R3 are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, chlorine, alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl and arylalkyl, wherein R1, R2 and R3 can be the same or different.

Abstract: A method for monitoring the microbiological contamination of opaque media is described and claimed. In this method, a Fluorogenic Dye is added to an Aliquot of opaque medium. After a certain time period, a fluorometer capable of measuring fluorescent signals in an opaque medium is used to measure the fluorogenic signals of the Fluorogenic Dye and the Reacted Fluorogenic Dye. A Useful RATIO of the fluorescent signal of the Reacted Fluorogenic Dye to the fluorescent signal of the Fluorogenic Dye is calculated and the information gleaned from the RATIO is used to ascertain the state of microbiological contamination in the opaque medium.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for inhibiting scale are provided. Pursuant to the present invention, a composition for inhibiting scale is provided that includes a carbohydrate polymer having both nitrogen-containing groups and carboxyl groups. The nitrogen-containing groups include amino groups, amido groups and mixtures thereof. The present invention has been found useful for inhibiting scale in industrial waters, such as, pulp bleach plant process waters which contain calcium oxalate and barium sulfate scale.

Abstract: A method of automatically controlling the addition rate of Fresh Oxygen Scavenger Product and Ultimate Oxygen Scavenger Product to a Boiler System is described and claimed. The method is based on the inherent fluorometric properties of certain Fresh Oxygen Scavenger Products and certain Ultimate Oxygen Scavengers in their reduced (unreacted) form and also, for the Ultimate Oxygen Scavengers, in their oxidized (reacted) form. It has also been found possible to enhance the fluorescent signal of certain Oxygen Scavengers by adding a borate buffer to the sample stream. By using the method of the instant claimed invention it is now possible to improve the overall control of Boiler Systems using certain Fresh Oxygen Scavenger Products and certain Ultimate Oxygen Scavenger Products.

Abstract: A process for dewatering of sludge, wherein said sludge comprises solids and water, comprising the steps of: a) adding a cationic dispersion polymer and a microparticle to said sludge, wherein said cationic dispersion polymer can be added before or after or simultaneous with the addition of said microparticle; and b) physically separating said solids from said water.

Abstract: The simultaneous precipitation of soluble heavy metal ions from semiconductor wastewater containing abrasive solids and enhancement of microfilter operation is achieved through the addition of an effective amount of a water-soluble polymer containing dithiocarbamate functionalities to the wastewater.

Abstract: Fluorescent monomers are described and claimed.

Abstract: Disclosed are stable, aqueous colloidal silicas having surface area of greater than 700 m2/g and S-values of from 20-50. These colloidal silicas do not require treatment with surface treatment agents such as aluminum to achieve stability. These colloidal silica aquasols can be produced and stored at concentrations of greater than 7 percent by weight SiO2 solids, and even as high as 15 percent by weight solids or higher, and remain stable at room temperature for at least 30 days compared to art-known silica aquasols. These colloidal silica sols demonstrate advantageously improved performance over art-known colloidal silica sots in applications such as in drainage and retention in papermaking processes. Also disclosed are processes for making aqueous colloidal silicas of the invention and the use of such colloidal silicas in papermaking processes.

Abstract: Colloids comprising amorphous borosilicate particles, wherein said borosilicate particles are not borosilicate glass; are described and claimed. These colloids have been found to be useful in aqueous systems, specially in papermaking.

Abstract: Disclosed are stable, aqueous colloidal silicas having surface area of greater than 700 m2/g and S-values of from 20-50. These colloidal silicas do not require treatment with surface treatment agents such as aluminum to achieve stability. These colloidal silica aquasols can be produced and stored at concentrations of greater than 7 percent by weight SiO2 solids, and even as high as 15 percent by weight solids or higher, and remain stable at room temperature for at least 30 days compared to art-known silica aquasols. These colloidal silica sols demonstrate advantageously improved performance over art-known colloidal silica sols in applications such as in drainage and retention in papermaking processes. Also disclosed are processes for making aqueous colloidal silicas of the invention and the use of such colloidal silicas in papermaking processes.

Abstract: This invention is a method to inhibit the polymerization of carbonyl compounds in a basic wash unit operation in a hydrocarbon cracking process, wherein a compound selected from the group consisting of alpha-amino acids and esters thereof and amides thereof and salts thereof and mixtures thereof or Mercaptoacetic acid and alkyl esters thereof, is added either to a stream comprising a carbonyl compound or to the basic wash unit operation; wherein the compound is selected such that it remains water-soluble and base-soluble and does not flocculate in the stream or in the basic wash unit operation; and wherein the stream is contacted with the compound either before or at the same time as the stream enters the basic wash unit operation; or wherein the compound is added to the basic wash unit operation before or while the stream enters the basic wash unit operation.

Abstract: A method of reducing the formation of coke deposits on the heat-transfer surfaces of an ethylene dichloride to vinyl chloride pyrolysis furnace comprising exposing the heat transfer surfaces of said pyrolysis furnace to a phosphite selected from the group consisting of phosphites with the general formula: wherein A1, A2 and A3 are selected from the group consisting of —OR1, —SR2 and Cl, wherein R1 and R2 are selected from the group consisting of alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl and arylalkyl, wherein A1, A2 and A3 may be the same or different, provided that at least one of A1, A2, and A3 is not Cl.