Abstract: Chromium oxide densification, bonding, hardening and strengthening of bodies having interconnecting porosity therein by impregnation with a chromium compound convertible to chromium oxide on heating, heating the impregnated body to convert the compound to chromium oxide and repeating the impregnation and heating steps. The body may be of any material composed of an oxide, has an oxide constituent or will form a well adhering oxide on its surface.

Abstract: This clarifier comprises a plurality of separation elements stacked within a vessel in vertical columns so as to provide a plurality of single stage separation elements for clarifying or separating a substance of heavier density from a liquid having a lesser density. Each of the separation elements provides a uniform cross section in the direction of fluid flow dependent upon factors such as the particular characteristics of the heavier-density substance and the liquid, the height of the particular separation element in the vertical column, and the desired clarity of the liquid flowing from the clarifier. Each separation element includes a predetermined number of separation apertures having predetermined cross sectional areas. Each separation element has two portions joined at an angle and the separation elements are retained in pairs of vertical columns in a manner so as to suggest a chevron-like pattern, with a clarified liquid flow path through the center of the pair of columns.

Abstract: A new ceramic treatment process and product and, more particularly, a process for forming and treating and shaping and treating of porous skeletal bodies to produce hardened dimensionally stable end products of relatively low temperatures and the resulting materials produced thereby which comprises the steps of treating a porous skeletal body by impregnating the interstices of the porous body with a compound of a metal capable of being converted to an oxide in situ at relatively low temperatures, heating the body so impregnated at temperatures well below normal vitrification to a temperature of at least 600.degree.F. and for a period of time sufficient to convert the compound impregnated therein to an oxide and repeating the impregnation and heating steps until the desired degree of hardness is obtained.

Abstract: A pair of light intensity detectors are spaced apart in range and an arrangement is included for reflecting light from a target to the detectors. The system measures target range by dividing the output signal of one of the detectors by a signal which is a function of the difference between the output signals of the two detectors to produce a quotient signal. To avoid low signal instability problems, the difference signal is generated in one embodiment of the system by subtracting only a selected fraction of the output signal of the far detector from that of the near detector. A substantially linearized output signal representing target range is produced in this system embodiment by raising the quotient signal to a selected power. The light detectors are preferably incorporated in input circuits which are temperature compensated.