Abstract: A draw tape bag with two single tapes has a front wall and back wall of flexible sheet material joined to each other along edges of the bag. Tubular channels extend along opposed transverse top edges of the front and back walls. The channels define an open mouth for the bag. Each of the channels has openings at the opposite ends of the top edges of the bag. A tape extends through each of the channels. One of the ends of each of the tape is attached to the opposite side edges of the bag beneath the openings in the channels and the other end of the tape extends through the respective opening at the other end of the channel so that the tapes cross in their respective channels, whereby when the tapes are pulled, the top of the bag is drawn tightly together. A method of forming this draw tape bag is also disclosed.

Abstract: The permeability of subterranean oil-bearing formations is controlled by injection of an organic polysilicate ester. The ester may be derived from simple, monohydroxylic alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol or butanol, from diols such as ethylene glycol, from polyols such as glycerol and alkylene oxide polymerization products and from other organic compounds containing functional hydroxy groups, for example, partial ethers and esters of glycols and polyols. The polysilicates are injected into a formation through injection wells, suitably in an amount from 10 to 100% of the pore volume of the zone to be treated. In the formation, the polysilicate esters form gels which selectively decrease the permeability of the high permeability regions of the formation, to divert the flow of flooding liquid used in flooding operations to the less permeable regions of the formation.

Abstract: There is disclosed a modified method of preparing a blown polyethylene film made from a blend of major proportion of a polyethylene resin, e.g., LLDPE, a minor proportion of a second polymeric resin, e.g., polystyrene, and at least one additive, e.g., a colorant. The additive or additives are mixed with the second polymeric resin and the resulting mixture is then blended with the polyethylene resin, thereby reducing the number of process steps. Also disclosed is a method of monitoring and/or controlling the second polymeric resin content in the film made with known proportions of a colorant and the second polymeric resin by measuring the light transmission of the film.

Abstract: Hydrocarbon-containing liquid waste sludges from refinery waste streams can be disposed of by blending with the feedstock being passed to a fluid catalytic cracking unit. Preferably, the sludge is premixed with a hydrocarbon, such as a light oil, prior to mixing with the feed.

Abstract: An offshore facility for use in an arctic body of water to produce, store, and offload hydrocarbons. The facility comprises a main structure which includes storage tanks, production equipment, etc., and which has a marine docking slip constructed therein and adapted to receive and moor a vessel, e.g., a tanker ship, therein to protect the vessel against moving ice. To protect the vessel while it is moored in the slip, a means is provided to keep the water in the slip from freezing.

Abstract: Disclosed is a sorbent material for removing mercury and hydrogen sulfide from gases. The sorbent is a porous granular material which has been impregnated with a chemical compound capable of converting mercury to the oxide form and simultaneously hydrogen sulfide to elemental sulfur. Sorbent materials include silica, alumina, silica-alumina, molecular sieves, and mixtures of two or more of these. The reactive compound disclosed is an alkali metal peroxomonosulfate salt, for example, potassium peroxomonosulfate. In a variation the gas can be contacted directly with an aqueous solution of the chemical compound such as the alkali peroxomonsolufate salt.

Abstract: A composition of matter where a polymer is partially hydrolyzed to form a polymer intermediate which can be gelled. Said polymer intermediate consists of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane-3 sulfonate, N-vinyl-N-methyl acetamide, acrylamide, and an alkali metal hydroxide. When cross-linked with a transitional metal ion said polymer intermediate forms a gel suitable for profile control use under harsh conditions. Said gel is exceptionally stable under the hot temperature and saline conditions encountered in profile control usage during a water flood or carbon dioxide oil recovery operation.

Abstract: A water based antistatic coating composition comprising:(a) at least one water soluble antistatic agent which is acceptable for food packaging polymer films;(b) at least one water soluble or water dispersible film-forming polymer; and,(c) a solution or dispersion-forming amount of water.When applied to a polymer film substrate, the foregoing antistatic coating composition forms, upon drying, and adherent antistatic coating.

Abstract: The invention combines two unit operations i.e. fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) and circulating fluid bed (CFB) boiler technologies. The circulating solid inventory of the CFB boiler is introduced to the bottom of a conventional FCC unit to supply the endothermic heat of reaction. A once-through FCC catalyst is introduced under high-temperature, short residence time conditions whereby improved yields are achieved through the reduction of coke made in the FCC unit.

Abstract: Disclosed is a single lip tubular extrusion die in which a plurality of separate melt streams passing through respective annular flow paths are fed to a common annular flow passage extending axially to and terminating at a die orifice. The annular flow passage is connected to the annular flow paths through respective groups of holes spaced annularly about the die axis. Each group of holes has its openings to the common annular flow passage spaced a different radial distance from the die axis to allow the separate melt streams to be layered in the common annular flow passage and co-extruded. One of the die lips is rotatable so that each melt stream produces a uniform layer of polymer in the extruded film while imparting a molecular orientation to the extruded film in the transverse direction (TD). An extruder-type seal may be provided adjacent a gap between a rotating and stationary part of the die to force melt attempting to penetrate the gap into the annular flow passage.

Abstract: Disposable outer rain garments which may be dispensed from a continuous web of a tubular, lay-flat plastic film material. The web of lightweight plastic lay-flat tubular material is imparted with suitable rear lines preferably formed from parallel, transversely perforations spaced at suitable and regular intervals along the length extending of the web so as to define individual garments. As a garment is needed by a wearer, the web is drawn off from a supply or feed roll and torn off at the next perforation from the dispensed end of the web. Adjacent to the perforation defining the top of the garment, but ahead of the perforation, there is formed a sealed edge with a perforated aperture for the through-passage of the head of a wearer. At the opposite edges of the web, in effect, at both sides of the garment, perforated apertures are formed for the through-passage of arms.

Abstract: An apparatus and process for catalytically upgrading an FCC effluent is described, wherein the FCC effluent is contacted with a shape-selective catalyst at low severity conditions prior to fractionation.

Abstract: A process is provided for converting feedstock comprising hydrocarbon compounds to product comprising hydrocarbon compounds of lower molecular weight than feedstock hydrocarbon compounds over a catalyst comprising a siliceous zeolite prepared by the method comprising providing zeolite Beta containing boron and aluminum, treating the zeolite with silicon tetrachloride at a temperature and for a time sufficient to replace boron with silicon, and recovering the siliceous zeolite having reduced boron content but substantially preserved initial aluminum content. In particular embodiments, the conversion is selective cracking for waxes and the process is useful for reducing the pour point of fuel oils and lubricants.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are the reaction products of dialkyl or diaryl phosphorodithioate acids and hydrocarbyl diols, hydroxyester or related polydiols and borating agent. These reaction products are useful as additives for lubricating compositions.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a process for stabilizing the liquid resulting from the thermal treatment of a hydrocarbon resid by coking, visbreaking or thermal cracking. The liquid product is contacted with a gaseous stream of hydrocarbons from an exterior source containing alkyl such as methyl CH.sub.3. free-radicals. The free radicals are derived by contacting methane, ethane, propane or a mixture thereof with a magnesia catalyst at a temperature of about 500.degree. C.

Abstract: A cyclic process for removing H.sub.2 S from a gaseous stream comprising contacting the gaseous stream with a solution of a chelated polyvalent metal to produce elemental sulfur, removing the elemental sulfur, and regenerating the reaction solution, e.g., by contacting it with oxygen, and recycling the regenerated solution to the reaction zone, is modified by introducing into the solution a free chelating agent. The introduction of the free chelating agent eliminates the loss of the polyvalent metal and the chelated polyvalent metal from the reaction solution.There is also disclosed an aqueous reaction solution comprising a chelated polyvalent metal, sulfur, and a free chelating agent in the amount equal to at least about 0.1% by weight of the amount of the chelated polyvalent metal in the solution.

Abstract: The activity of a zeolite catalyst is enhanced by forming the catalyst into a composite with a binder such as alumina and steaming the composite. Preferred zeolites have a Constraint Index of 1 to 12.

Abstract: A crude oil is upgraded by thermal treatment at a temperature of at least 400.degree. C. under at least autogenous pressure and preferably from 100 to 1000 psig for about 20 to 30 minutes in order to increase the proportion of distillable components in the crude. The improvement is attributed to alkylation of lower molecular weight components, especially aromatics, by alkyl groups derived from the high boiling component of the crude. The process reduces the nondistillable residue and enables subsequent processing to be carried out with lower gas and coke make. The process may be operated with a whole crude or a topped crude as feed.

Abstract: A bender acoustic transducer has a flat, piezoelectric element affixed to a flat, elongated inert element. The ends of the inert element are hinged on a supporting rectangular frame which has a rectangular opening. Two sides of the elements are exposed so that when a voltage is applied, a dipole acoustic wave is generated by the transducer.