Abstract: Thickening composition are produced by linking a polyurethane comprising polyisocyanates, polyether polyols, modifying agents and capping agents with an alkali swellable copolymer comprising ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomers and nonionic vinyl monomers through a connecting monomer having a polymerizable double bond and a hydrogen active group. The thickening composition are used to provide improved viscosity control, flow and leveling to aqueous systems such as paints and coatings, inks, drilling fluids, adhesives, construction materials, personal care and housedhold products.

Abstract: A liquid, pourable 100% active rheological additive especially useful for thickening non-aqueous compositions is described. The additive, which exists in a pourable form at up to a 100% as a rheologically active composition, exhibits excellent thickening efficiency for systems including inks, epoxies, polyesters, paints, greases and other systems, including ease of dispersibility, without adversely affecting gloss. The additive may operate by both an associative and a reaction mechanism to provide rheological viscosity properties to such systems, and is also similarly useful for aqueous systems.

Abstract: An improved thickening composition for aqueous systems including latex paints and coatings is described. The substantially anhydrous composition comprises in specified ratios a solid thickener polymer, and one or more surfactants. The solid thickener polymer includes associative thickeners. Associative thickener polymers include polyurethanes, polyesters, polyacrylamides, modified hydroxyethyl celluloses, alkali soluble emulsions and other chemicals. Specific surfactants utilized include dialkyl sulfosuccinates, alkyl sulfates, alpha olefin sulfonates and sulfates of ethoxylated alcohols.

Abstract: The present invention relates to improved thickening compositions, often referred to as Theological additives, used to provide viscosity control, flow, leveling and other rheological properties to clear aqueous systems such as automotive clear-coat paints and coatings. The invention hereof involves the synthesis of a new family of Theological additives by combining, through a reaction process, chemicals used to make specified polyurethane polymer compositions. These novel copolymers provides the good flow and leveling and gloss retention that polyurethane associative thickeners impart to water-based systems, without the loss of clarity that such polymers have caused in the past. Levels of the rheological thickening composition, varying between about 0.01% and about 10%, based on the total weight of the system to be thickened, have been found to be useful to create novel clear aqueous systems containing such thickening compositions.

Abstract: The hydrolysis of carbonyl sulfide is substantially improved by utilizing titanium dioxide particles as a catalyst. It is especially favorable, if the titanium dioxide particle are sintered and treated with sodium hydroxide or sodium aluminate. Through such a treatment, the catalyst can be regenerated and reutilized.

Abstract: A novel pourable organophilic clay polyamide composition useful as a rheological additive for organic fluid system comprisinga) from about 5 to 15 weight percent of an organophilicly modified smectite-type clay,b) from about 25 to about 35 weight percent of one or more rheologically active polyamides andc) from about 40 to 60 weight percent of one or more organic solvents preferably selected from the group consisting of n-propanol, toluene and mineral spirits.The organophilic clay polyamide composition is used in non-aqueous fluid systems such as paints, inks, and coatings to provide improved rheological properties to the system.

Abstract: A mechanical device for automatically positioning a closure plate for sealing the opening created by the folding of adjacent segments of an articulated chute to thereby prevent undesired discharge or leakage from the chute is provided. The device, which is particularly useful on cement trucks, includes a closure plate rotatably connected to one segment of the chute and disposed to articulate upon an adjacent segment of the chute so that the closure plate seals the opening when the chute is in a folded configuration and, when the segments are unfolded to deliver a charge, rotates to a position clear of the discharge path. The device also includes means for sealably biasing the closure plate toward the opening when the segments are folded and for biasing the closure plate away from the discharge path when the segments are in an unfolded position.

Abstract: Water retention additives for aqueous construction systems including joint compounds are described which are the reaction product of monomers comprising carboxylic acid monomers, nonionic vinyl monomers and specific surfactant monomers. Processes for making such polymers are described as well as the use of aqueous construction systems using the polymers. The polymers are useful in joint compounds and a broad range of similar construction systems as cellulosic replacements.

Abstract: To improve the separation of dispersedly precipitated sulfur from a washing solution used in the oxidative washing of hydrogen sulfide containing waste gases, the suspension is heated before filtration to about 45.degree. C. to 70.degree. C. Such heating causes the sulfur contained in the solution to coagulate into large flocks and form a mass of high purity sulfur which is largely non-thixotropic. This mass, often called a filter cake, can be washed and utilized in a large number of ways as a source of sulfur.

Abstract: The invention hereof is a new highway deicing additive and a method for deicing asphalt highways. It has been discovered that a small amount of starch added to the salt/water sprayed on highways provides the unexpected property of retaining salt particles in the top portion of the "voids" in the asphalt roads for a period of 2 to 4 hours. The starch can be incorporated into water by mixing; biocides can be added if the starch/water mixture is to be stored more than 2 days. Salt is added to the water/starch mixture prior to deposition on the road. The new treatment works by increasing the viscosity of the aqueous fluid sprayed on the highway to form a water gel structure on the road providing a "platform" for the salt particles in the top portion of the asphalt. The new additive also reduces the need and cost of "follow-up" salt treatments.The additive and method are particularly useful for the new type of asphalt being used on highways in Europe which has a super-porous structure when laid as a road-bed.

Abstract: Quaternary ammonium compositions are described which are made using diluents including soya bean oil, caster oil, mineral oils, isoparaffin/naphthenic and coconut oil. Such diluents remain as diluents in the final product and generally have a vapor pressure of 1 mm of Hg or less at 25.degree. C., and are liquid at ambient temperature. The quaternary/ammonium diluent compositions have low volatile organic compound emission rates and high flash points, and can be tailored to particular applications. Such applications include use a fabric softeners, cosmetics ingredients, deinking additives, surfactants, and reaction materials in the manufacture of organoclays.

Abstract: An improved anti-abrasion/slip ink additive is disclosed comprising a mixture of sintered polytetrafluoroethylene and pharmaceutical grade petrolatum. As an alternative, additional material, such as phenolic resins and oils can be added to the mixture. The additives permit the less costly manufacture of printing inks, most particularly heat set inks and results in print which has improved rub, slip and anti-mar characteristics.

Abstract: The present invention involves the discovery that an organoclay made by the reaction of smectite day and a quaternary ammonium compound (quat) can be mixed with fibrous material such as wastepaper pulp to form a unique theological additive for organic fluid systems. Such a theological additive has broad uses, is cost effective, and is particularly useful as a rheological additive for asphalt and organic paints and coatings. In an important aspect the invention is a rheological additive providing inexpensive, effective and efficient rheological properties when used at low levels in organic systems.

Abstract: An organoclay made by the reaction of smectite clay and a quaternary ammonium compound derived from an oil having 50% or more of its carbon chain lengths consisting of C.sub.14 or lower is described as an effective oil spill remediation agent. Oils used include coconut, babasso and palm-kennel oil. Such organoclay's effectiveness as an oil spill remediation agent, and that of organoclays can be increased by (a) further treatment with a water insoluble compound such as vegetable oil and b) by mixture with an organic fibrous material such as waste paper pulp. The agents produced are particularly effective in polar and arctic waters in maintaining buoyancy of the oil agglomeration formed by their use. Methods of remediating oil spills using organoclays particularly useful in regions such as waters of the Alaska oceans and inlets of the North Sea are also described.

Abstract: A liquid, pourable 100% active rheological additive especially useful for thickening organic compositions which in one aspect comprises an active hydrogen containing compound such as a polyol, one or more polycarboxylic acids or isocynanates, and a functional chain ending unit. The additive, which exists in a pourable, pumpable form at up to a 100% as a rheologically active composition, exhibits excellent thickening efficiency for systems including inks, epoxies, polyesters, paints, greases and other systems, including ease of dispersibility, without adversely affecting gloss. The additive may operate by both an associative and a reaction mechanism to provide rheological viscosity properties to such systems, and is also similarly useful for aqueous systems.

Abstract: A novel organophilic clay comprising the reaction product of:(a) a smectite-type clay; and(b) a quaternary ammonium compound or compounds selected from the group consisting of: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is an unsaturated alkyl-ester group having 8 to 30 carbon atoms as described below and R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are independently selected from the group consisting of (i) R.sub.1, (ii) long chain linear or branched alkyl (including methyl), aliphatic or aromatic groups having 1 to 30 carbon atoms (such groups can also include hydroxylated groups); (iii) aralkyl groups, which are benzyl and substituted benzyl moieties, including such groups having fused ring moieties having linear chains or branches of 1 to 30 carbon atoms; (iv) aryl groups such as phenyl and substituted phenyl including fused ring aromatic substituents; (v) beta, gamma unsaturated groups having six or less carbon atoms or hydroxyalkyl groups having 2 to 6 carbon atoms; and (vi) hydrogen and M.sup.

Abstract: The invention involves biopolymer/oil suspension compositions for the oil service industry, most particularly drilling and completion fluids, which provide such fluids a variety of desirable properties. Biopolymers include water soluble polymers and water swellable polymers. Such biopolymer/oil suspension compositions are essentially mixtures of biopolymers such as cellulosics in an oil medium with a specific anti-settling additive. The invention is particularly directed to providing enhanced anti-settling properties to such biopolymer/oil compositions; that is, the ability of the biopolymer/oil composition to retain the biopolymers in suspension prior to the composition being introduced into drilling and completion fluids. The invention in one embodiment is described as a liquid biopolymer-in-oil additive compositions for use in aqueous-based completion fluids, containing an agent comprising: a) one or more polyamides, and b) hydrogenated caster oils including castorwax.

Abstract: An improved drilling fluid with enhanced anti-settling properties useful for all types of drilling systems is described. The invention includes a process for providing anti-settling properties to both oil and invert oil (i.e., water in oil emulsion) based fluids as well as the additive itself. The drilling fluid drilling mud invention contains at least one reaction product of which the reactants comprise an alkoxylated aliphatic amino compound and an organic polycarboxylic anhydride or acid and a rheologically active clay-based material.

Abstract: In the preparation of metal chlorides from their elements to be used as additives in processes of making titanium dioxide by the chloride process, a titanium tetrachloride stream is directed to sweep over the lined inner wall of a metal chloride generator to act as a protective film, which considerably increases the life of the generator. Furthermore, the titanium tetrachloride is further heated, which is highly desirable in the chloride process. When the titanium tetrachloride is optionally conducted in advance through ducts in the lining of the inner walls of the metal chloride generator, its temperature can be further raised.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for removing dissolved heavy metals including lead and radioactive contaminants from contaminated aqueous systems including aqueous soil systems. Such systems have resulted from Department of Defense activities and chemical manufacture, as well as from a large variety of past activities. An organically modified smectite clay, or organoclay, is used to treat these systems. Organoclays are the reaction product of smectite clays and quaternary ammonium compounds. The organoclay is brought in contact with system to be treated where it sorbs the heavy metal in the aqueous system onto the organoclay which sorbed complex is then removed by a variety of methods including flotation and air sparging.