Abstract: New catalytic composition of improved activity in the process of polymerizing cycloolefins, comprising a carbonyl compound or a carbonyl-metal-carbenic compound of molybdenum or tungsten and titanium tetrachloride, said composition being preferably subjected to an irradiation with rays of a wave length from 180 to 700 nanometers during or before use.

Abstract: Prostaglandins of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydroxymethyl, carboxy, aryloxycarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl of 1-8 carbon atoms in the alkoxy group, or the group -COO-CH.sub.2 -U-V wherein U is a direct C-C bond, carbonyl or carbonyloxy and V is phenyl substituted by phenyl, alkoxy of 1-2 carbon atoms or halogen; R.sub.2 is hydroxy and R.sub.3 is a hydrogen atom or R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 collectively are an oxygen atom; A is -CH.sub.2 -CH.sub.2 or trans-CH=CH; B is -CH.sub.2 -CH.sub.2 or CH=CH; one of R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 is hydroxy and the other is a hydrogen atom; R.sub.6 and R.sub.7 each are alkyl of 1-10 carbon atoms or collectively are alkylene of up to 7 carbon atoms and with 2-3 carbon atoms in the chain, phenylene or naphthylene; R.sub.8 is a hydrogen atom or alkyl of 1-5 carbon atoms; ##STR2## when R.sub.2 is hydroxy and R.sub.3 is a hydrogen atom or is ##STR3## or -CH=CH- when R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 collectively are an oxygen atom; or, when R.sub.

Abstract: Compounds of the general formula ##STR1## wherein n is 0, 1 or 2, R.sub.1 is straight-chain alkyl or alkoxy of 1-7 carbon atoms or straight-chain alkanoyloxy of 2-7 carbon atoms, and R.sub.2 is straight-chain alkyl or alkoxy of 1-7 carbon atoms with the proviso that when n is 0, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 together contain at least 4 carbon atoms, which form nematic phases, can be produced by reacting a phenol of the general formula ##STR2## wherein R.sub.2 has the values given above, and p is 0, 1 or 2 or a corresponding phenolate, with an aromatic carboxylic acid of the general formula ##STR3## wherein R.sub.1 has the values given above, and q is 0, 1 or 2, and the sum p + q is n, or with a reactive derivative of this acid.

Abstract: 9,10-Secoestranes, useful as intermediates in the total synthesis of steroids, of the formula ##STR1## WHEREIN N IS 1 OR 2, R.sub.1 is lower alkyl, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are hydrogen, alkoxy or acyloxy, X is free or ketalized carbonyl or free, esterified or etherified hydroxymethylene, and Y is carbonyl or dialkoxymethylene are produced by condensing, in the presence of a basic catalyst, ##STR2## WHEREIN X, n, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 have the values given above, and Z is Cl, Br or I, to produce a 9,10-secoestrane of the above formula wherein Y is a free carbonyl group, which can then, if desired, be ketalized to a corresponding compound wherein Y is dialkoxymethylene or like ketal group.

Abstract: Compounds of the general formula ##STR1## wherein n is 0, 1 or 2, R.sub.1 is straight-chain alkyl or alkoxy of 1-7 carbon atoms or straight-chain alkanoyloxy of 2-7 carbon atoms, and R.sub.2 is straight-chain alkyl or alkoxy of 1-7 carbon atoms with the proviso that when n is 0, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 together contain at least 4 carbon atoms, which form nematic phases, can be produced by reacting a phenol of the general formula ##STR2## WHEREIN R.sub.2 has the values given above, and p is 0, 1 or 2 or a corresponding phenolate, with an aromatic carboxylic acid of the general formula ##STR3## WHEREIN R.sub.1 has the values given above, and q is 0, 1 or 2, and the sum p + q is n, or with a reactive derivative of this acid.

Abstract: 2-Acyl-4-oxo-hexahydro-4H-pyrazino[2,1-a]isoquinoline derivatives of the formula ##STR1## wherein COR is the acyl radical of an up to 26 carbon atom acid and their physiologically acceptable acid addition and quaternary ammonium salts, are anthelmintics and can be produced by reacting 4-oxo-1,2,3,6,7,11b-hexahydro-4H-pyrazino[2,1-a]isoquinoline with an acid or a reactive functional derivative thereof.

Abstract: Triiodized N-methyldicarboxylic acid anilides of the Formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen, halogen, carboxyl, N-monoacylamino, N-monoalkoxyacylamino, N-alkyl-N-acylamino, N-alkyl-N-alkoxyacylamino, N,N-diacylamino, N-acylaminomethyl, ##STR2## wherein A is alkylene of 2 or 3 carbon atoms which can be interrupted by an oxygen atom, and R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are each hydrogen, lower alkyl or hydroxyalkyl, or R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 together with the nitrogen atom form a 5 to 7 member heterocyclic ring which can contain a further oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur hetero atom; R.sub.2 is halogen, hydroxy, lower alkoxy, hydroxyalkoxy or alkoxyalkoxy; and X is straight or branched alkylene of 2-14 carbon atoms interrupted by one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms, and the salts of these compounds with physiologically compatible bases are valuable radiopaque agents.

Abstract: Process for manufacturing dicyclohexanol propane by hydrogenating, with molecular hydrogen, in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst, diphenol propane dissolved in 2 ethyl-hexanol, adding water at the end of the reaction, distilling the reaction product and separating from the distillate an aqueous phase and a 2 ethyl-hexanol phase, the latter being reused as solvent for the reaction.

Abstract: A glass having a softening temperature (E.sub.W) between 596.degree. and 634.degree. C. and a working temperature (V.sub.A) between 792.degree. and 863.degree. C., said glass being produced from a melt having a composition expressed in percentages by weight as follows:______________________________________ SiO.sub.2 50.9 to 60.4, B.sub.2 O.sub.3 1.5 to 11.5, Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 2.5 to 5.3, Li.sub.2 O 0.75 to 3.0, Na.sub.2 O 6.0 to 15.0, K.sub.2 O 0 to 3.8, Li.sub.2 O + Na.sub.2 O 8.0 to 17.3, Li.sub.2 O + Na.sub.2 O + K.sub.2 O 11.0 to 19.7, CaO 0 to 1.5, BaO 0 to 12.9, ZnO 0 to 7.3, PbO 0 to 17.5, BaO + PbO 7.0 to 17.8, Fe.sub.3 O.sub.4 3.3 to 5.0, F.sub.2 0 to 0.7, Sb.sub.2 O.sub.3 0.05 to 0.1, Sugar 0.05 to 0.1.

Abstract: Glass as near-portion material for fusion with known phototropic far-portion glasses for multifocal spectacle lenses has a linear thermal expansion coefficient between 45 and 58 .times. 10.sup.-.sup.7 /.degree. C, a refractive index of n.sub.d .gtoreq.1.60, a speed of crystallization of less than 0.5 .mu./min., and the following composition:______________________________________ SiO.sub.2 10.0 - 20.0 % by weight B.sub.2 O.sub.3 15.0 - 23.0 % by weight PbO >26.0 - 30.0 % by weight ZnO 3.0 - 5.0 % by weight La.sub.2 O.sub.3 6.0 - 10.0 % by weight Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 12.0 - 17.0 % by weight ZrO.sub.2 0.5 - 3.0 % by weight TiO.sub.2 0.2 - 3.0 % by weight K.sub.2 O 0.1 - 2.0 % by weight Na.sub.2 O 0.1 - 2.0 % by weight Li.sub.2 O 0.1 - 4.0 % by weight ______________________________________With the provision that: ______________________________________ sum of SiO.sub.2 + B.sub.2 O.sub.3 is 30.0 - 40.0 % by weight sum of the alkali oxides is 0.2 - 3.0 % by weight sum of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 + La.sub.2 O.sub.3 is 19.

Abstract: Gels containing molybdenum and iron and optionally other metals, are useful in the production of catalysts or as optical filters. They are produced by conducting essentially a solid - solid reaction between a compound of molybdenum, e.g. ammonium molybdate, and a ferric compound, e.g., ferric nirate, thereby obtaining the same ratio of molybdenum and ferric contents in the gels, as used in the starting materials. Furthermore, the resultant gels are highly homogeneous, and when used as catalysts, the yields of the process are up to plus 99%.

Abstract: Polypropylene can be polymerized with Ziegler-Natta TiCl.sub.3 or TiCl.sub.3 . (AlCl.sub.3).sub.0.2.sub.-0.6 plus chlorine containing organoaluminum compound mixed catalyst using butene-2 or a C.sub.4 -cut comprising butene-2 as the polymerization solvent without the formation of propylene-butene copolymers.

Abstract: New catalyst containing a carrier, platinum, iridium, manganese and optionally halogen. This catalyst is useful for reforming and dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons.

Abstract: Optical glass with a path length independent of temperature includes SiO.sub.2, B.sub.2 O.sub.3, K.sub.2 O, BaO, ZrO.sub.2, TiO.sub.2, Nb.sub.2 O.sub.5, P.sub.2 O.sub.5 and F in specified percentages by weight, with the sum of the amounts of SiO.sub.2, B.sub.2 O.sub.3 and P.sub.2 O.sub.5 between 38 and 45% by weight and the sum of the amounts of ZrO.sub.2 and TiO.sub.2 between 12 and 27% by weight.

Abstract: Acetone is produced by the catalytic, oxidative decarbonylation of isobutyraldehyde in the gaseous phase by contacting a gaseous mixture of 1-15% by volume of isobutyraldehyde, at least a stoichiometric amount and up to about 30% by volume of oxygen, and an inert diluent, with a copper oxide catalyst.

Abstract: High protein, low calorie dairy spread water-in-oil emulsions having a 20-65% aqueous phase are produced employing as the aqueous phase a protein concentrate having a 13-20% protein content and obtained as a by-product in the manufacture of butter from sour buttermilk, buffered at 6-7 with citrate and phosphate buffering salts, and as the fat phase butter oil optionally mixed with a polyunsaturated vegetable oil, emulsifying the aqueous phase into the fat phase at 38.degree.-50.degree. C., flash pasteurizing the emulsion, optionally adding flavoring agents before or after emulsifying and pasteurization, and then cooling the emulsion, first to 20.degree.-14.degree. while working the emulsion as it solidifies, and then to storage temperature, e.g., 12.degree.-8.degree. C.

Abstract: 9,10-Secoestranes, useful as intermediates in the total synthesis of steroids, of the formula ##STR1## wherein n is 1 or 2, R.sub.1 is lower alkyl, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are hydrogen, alkoxy or acyloxy, X is free or ketalized carbonyl or free, esterified or etherified hydroxymethylene, and Y is carbonyl or dialkoxymethylene are produced by condensing, in the presence of a basic catalyst, ##STR2## WHEREIN X, n, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 have the values given above, and Z is Cl, Br or I, to produce a 9,10-secoestrane of the above formula wherein Y is a free carbonyl group, which can then, if desired, be ketalized to a corresponding compound wherein Y is dialkoxymethylene or like ketal group.

Abstract: Discrete, finely divided, tack-free elastomer particles are prepared from a filler-containing aqueous elastomer emulsion containing an aqueous emulsion of an elastomer dissolved in a volatile inert organic solvent having an emulsifying amount of a quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant and an aqueous suspension or dispersion of a solid, finely divided elastomer filler, which process comprises gradually introducing the filler-containing aqueous elastomer emulsion into an aqueous alkali silicate solution while maintaining said solution at a pH greater than 2 and simultaneously evaporating the organic solvent to form discrete, finely divided, tack-free elastomer particles.The process can be applied to solid elastomers or to post-polymerization elastomer solutions, and is particularly suitable for preparing pourable, carbon black containing elastomer particles to be formed into shaped objects.

Abstract: Novel bipolar electrodes are provided. Such electrodes include an anode in the form of a plate, which is made of a suitable anodic metal, e.g. platinum plated titanium. The cathode is also in the form of a metallic plate and also is formed of a suitable cathodic material, e.g. steel. The anode and cathode are joined to, but separated by, a generally U-shaped (in cross-section) median electrode plate formed, e.g., of titanium. A plurality of electrically insulating spacer elements, formed of a suitable plastics material, e.g. polyvinyl dichloride, project outwardly from both flat faces of at least the cathode plate by also if desired, from the anode plate. A bipolar electrolytic cell fitted with these novel bipolar electrodes has improved current efficiencies, leading to improved electrolyte flow, minimal gas entrapment, less overheating and improved operating load factors.

Abstract: Encrustations on reactor walls and associated equipment employed in the aqueous suspension polymerization of vinyl chloride and mixtures thereof with other monomers at 30.degree.-70.degree. C. are prevented by employing in the polymerization charge 0.0005 - 0.05% by weight of hydrogen peroxide, calculated on the monomer or monomers, preferably at a pH of at least 7.5, e.g., 7.5 - 8.5 when using a suspending agent which is sensitive to hydrolysis.