Abstract: In processes for electrochemically extracting the metals contained in spent electrical accumulators, the accumulators are first immersed in activation tanks and then placed in dissolving tanks after connecting their poles to the direct current supply cables.This patent application discloses a plastics frame structure comprising numerous seats, each of which can house one accumulator. Each frame is provided with current-carrying bars from which there branch plastics-covered copper or aluminum cables, on the ends of which there are special contacts which are mounted on to the accumulator poles. The contacts are constructed in such a manner so as to protect the accumulator poles from being corroded by the electrolyte solution into which the frame is immersed.The use of the frame according to the invention simplifies and accelerates all the process operations, leading to a large reduction in operating costs.

Abstract: A method for continuously demulsifying a viscous, stable water-in-oil emulsion, which emulsion comprises from 50 to 80% water as the dispersed phase, comprises passing the emulsion and a chemical demulsifier through a mixing device having at least one flow restriction and recycling part of the mixture leaving the mixing device back to the device at or upstream of the restriction.

Abstract: Dispersing additives for lubricating fluids are disclosed, which contain the oxazoline function and are prepared by reacting amino alcohols with mono or bicarboxylic linear or branched chain aliphatic acids having from 2 to 51 carbon atoms. These additives are characterized by a very high dispersing power which makes them particularly suitable for engines used in stop-and-go service.

Abstract: A cutting tool having improved chip runoff over a wide range of cutting conditions is provided. The cutting tool improves chip deformation and reduces cutting forces, resulting in the generation of lower temperatures and increased service life. The tool has at least two notches near a cutting corner which are positioned at an angle with respect to a cutting edge. As notches are positioned farther from the cutting corner the angle increases and the notches are spread farther apart. The arrangement reduces cutting forces even for larger feeds. In addition, the notches are provided with two opposite sides which differ in vertical slope, the side farther from the corner having the greater slope to again facilitate chip deformation and reduce friction.

Abstract: A brushless D.C. motor control system wherein a read-only memory is used to control the commutated winding energization via drive switching circuits. Position sensors detect the position of the rotor relative to the motor stator and principle digital signals which are used as address inputs for the read-only memory.

Abstract: An instrument for determining the concentration of solid particles dispersed in a liquid medium, (e.g. coal in oil), comprises (a) an ultrasonic pulser, (b) an ultrasonic receiver, (c) a gated peak detector, (d) signal conditioning and display circuits and (e) an ultrasonic transducer assembly including a layer of known impedance to receive the dispersion. The pulser produces an impulse which is converted by the transducer to an ultrasonic wave, which passes through and is reflected back by the interface between the layer and the dispersion to the ultrasonic receiver and passed to the gated peak detector which measures the peak amplitude of the echo from the layer/dispersion interface. The peak amplitude is then converted by the signal conditioning and display circuits to produce a display of the amplitude and/or the solids content of the dispersion.

Abstract: Static audio-frequency control receiver for the time impulse interval process, consisting of a micro-computer, an electronic computing means and an evaluation component. In the micro-computer, a number of impulse scanning patterns are stored, and a programming field is formed for the selection of the impulse scanning pattern governing at the installation location. The programming field consists of a crossbar distribution panel with junctions from the outputs of the micro-computer with three inputs per command execution relay. The inputs for each of the relays have further connections for programming impulse scanning patterns. The micro-computer produces a series of rapid impulses upon connection, and performs a self-activating operation tests. The impulse scanning patterns cause connections to be made in the arithmetic unit for the production of impulse sequences in real time to the audio-frequency control command - impulse sequences. The micro-computer also has a synchronizing input.

Abstract: Methanol is produced by passing CO and H.sub.2 over a supported Pd catalyst containing an alkali metal alkaline earth metal, or lanthanide promoter and supported on a carbon support with defined surface area characteristics.

Abstract: There is described a process for the preparation of 2,2-dimethyl-cyclopropanecarboxylates carrying in position 3 a halosubstituted dienic substituent.Said compounds are intermediates for the synthesis of pyrethroid insecticides.

Abstract: This invention relates to a highly-sensitive mini-iodinated radioactive hormone tracer which has both initial low iodine-to-hormone molar ratios and low specific activity. This invention also relates to methods for preparing and using such tracers in a radio-immunoassay which takes much less time than used heretofore and to a method of preparing said tracers.

Abstract: A corrosion inhibitor comprises particles of an inorganic oxide having cations of yttrium or cations of one or more metals of the lanthanide group chemically bound to the particles by ion-exchange. The cations are released by ion-exchange with other cations and not by the water solubility of the corrosion inhibitor.The corrosion inhibiting particles may be prepared by contacting particles of the inorganic oxide with an aqueous solution containing the required cations. Alternatively, the particles of the inorganic oxide may be contacted with an aqueous solution of an alkali metal so that alkali metal ions are exchanged onto the surface of the oxide and then contacting the alkali metal exchanged oxide with a solution of the required cations so that the required cations replace the alkali metal cations.The corrosion inhibiting particles may be incorporated into protective coatings e.g. paints based on epoxy resins, alkyd resins, vinyl resins or chlorinated rubbers in amounts up to 80% wt.

Abstract: A process for preparing tertiary alkyl ethers from isoolefins and aliphatic alcohols in the presence of a catalyst in the form of sulphonated styrene-divinylbenzene resins, characterized in that both the reaction leading to the formation of the tert-alkyl ether and the separation of the tert-alkyl ether from the hydrocarbons and compounds which accompany it take place in a single plate fractionating apparatus, in which some of the plates are provided with beds of catalyst in the form of spherules suitable for preparing said tert-alkyl ether, the ether obtained being withdrawn as a substantially pure bottom product.

Abstract: A method for reducing formation permeability comprising mixing (a) a homopolymer or copolymer of methyl acrylate or hydroxy alkyl acrylate, where the alkyl group is C.sub.2, C.sub.3 or C.sub.4, into which polymer hydrazide groups have been introduced, and (b) an aldehyde cross-linking agent, dispersing the mixture in an aqueous medium and injecting the aqueous dispersion into a formation, the amounts of the polymer and aldehyde being such that they will form a gel in the aqueous medium. The invention includes compositions for use in the method.

Abstract: In a supercalender at the laterally opposite sides of a driven hard roll supported for rotation at a fixed position by a frame there are arranged a pair of roll assemblies, each including at least one elastic roll and at least one hard roll detachably engageable with each other. The two roll assemblies are selectively engageable with the driven hard roll supported at a fixed position to form a series of rolls which are in contact together under pressure in such a manner that one of the roll assemblies is in an operative condition while the other roll assembly is in a rest position.

Abstract: A hybrid opto-electronic method and apparatus for Fourier transform measurements of temporal signals are disclosed.The magnitude and phase of the signal transform are system outputs. High resolution spectral analysis operation is accomplished by proper spatial phase corrections, equivalent to aperture synthesis. Configurations for one-dimensional and two-dimensional input data formats are described. The disclosed method and apparatus can process signals with continuous spectral content as well as narrow spectral lines.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the isothermal absorption of the ethylene oxide contained in the gas from an ethylene oxide production plant.This process is characterized in that the gas is firstly cooled to a temperature of between 5.degree. and 60.degree. C., and is then fed at a pressure which can vary from 1 to 30 atm. to a water-fed isothermal film absorber, from the bottom of which is obtained a high concentration ethylene oxide solution which can be fed directly to a glycol production plant after recovering the ethylene still in solution.By using this process, the absorption plant is simplified compared with known processes, and steam, electricity and cooling water consumption are considerably reduced.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of (omega-carbalkoxy-nor.alkyl) dialkylamines having a linear alkyl chain, comprising the steps of amination of allyl compounds in which at least an allyl carbon atom is a part of a cyclopropane ring which contains one or two carboxyl or carbalkoxy groups on the carbon atom which is adjacent to the allyl carbon, or is a part of a lactone ring, in the presence of catalysts consisting of triarylphosphine complexes of palladium, or trialkyl phosphite complexes of nickel, and the subsequent hydrogenation of the unsaturated amine thus obtained. By so doing, interesting linear amines are obtained, which contain carboxyl units or carbalkoxy units, said amines being useful as additives for the industry of synthetic fibres (viscosity stabilizers for polycaprolactam).

Abstract: An optical method and apparatus for nondestructively inspecting a specimen for evidence of surface flaws, for example, cracks granularity and/or roughness characteristics, which would be indicative of component expected lifetime before failure are disclosed.The distribution pattern of coherent light scattered by a surface illuminated sample is obtained with a transform lens (for a two-dimensional pattern) or a transform-cylinder lens pair (for a one-dimensional pattern). The surface scattered light distribution is inherently different for flawed and unflawed samples. Spatial frequency signatures obtained from measurements of the scattered light diffraction patterns are used to distinguish flawed from unflawed specimens. Measurements are not restricted to planar surfaces; curved sample shapes can be employed with appropriate optical component adjustments.

Abstract: A parallel exposure electron beam lithography system for directly writing an integrated circuit pattern simultaneously at a plurality of locations on the surface of a resist-coated semiconductor wafer is disclosed.An electron source produces an electron beam which is used to illuminate an object aperture. A screen lens consisting of a multiplicity of holes breaks up the flood electron beam emanating from the object aperture into a multiplicity of beams in parallel and focuses them on a resist-coated substrate. Each hole in the screen lens acts like a small aperture lens when a positive potential is applied to the wafer with respect to the screen lens.A pair of octupole deflectors electronically control the angle with which the electron beam strikes the screen lens. This controls the deflection of the images beneath each of the screen lenses.

Abstract: A probe terminal for measuring the temperature inside of an enamelled reactor, for allowing a high speed of response to change in temperature and for detecting damage to the enamel of the reactor comprising a hollow cylindrical metal body provided at one end of a base in which is inserted and anchored, with enamel, a platinum cylinder hollow, the base of the platinum cylinder being unlined and in alignment with the enamel which coats the external surface of the hollow cylindrical metal body base, i.e., HCMB. One end of the HCMB contains the platinum cylinder. The other end of the HCMB is provided with means for attachment to the probe.