Abstract: A virtual database space system realizable with a database program makes it possible to obtain a maximum throughput of database manipulations even when different types of transaction are mixed; can be started normally after a failure and thus eliminates the necessity for the user to be aware of the concept of recovery and as seen by the user has a very large logically nonvolatile virtual database space; and makes it possible for updates of the database to be accepted during the copying of a backup.

Abstract: An auto-tensioner that inhibits the generation of heat in an insert bearing made of a synthetic resin. An outer shell of an arm member is swingably supported on an inner shaft of a base member through an insert bearing made of a synthetic resin, and a tension pulley carried at a tip end of the arm member, is brought into pressure contact with an endless belt by biasing the arm member with a spring. By subjecting an inner surface of the outer shell in sliding contact with an outer peripheral surface of the insert bearing, to shot peening prior to assembly, the arithmetically averaged roughness Ra and the maximum height Ry of inner peripheral surface are regulated into ranges of1.times.10.sup.-6 m.ltoreq.Ra.ltoreq.10.times.10.sup.-6 mRy.ltoreq.60.times.10.sup.-6 m.

Abstract: A diffusion bonding apparatus for pipes that are supplied downward from above comprising a lower block for holding a lower pipe and an upper block for holding and pressing an upper pipe against the lower pipe. In the apparatus, three or more hydrraulic cylinders are provided in a lifting member of the upper block about a joint where the upper pipe is held in such manner that the cylinders are located in a circumference of a circle.

Abstract: A method of controlling the oil flow rate for an internal combustion engine including: a) defining a break-in period of the engine; b) determining whether the engine is running within the break-in period; and c) varying the oil flow rate for the engine if the engine is running within said break-in period from the oil flow rate for the engine when running under normal conditions outside the break-in period such that the oil flow rate during the break-in period is generally higher than the oil flow rate under normal engine conditions.

Abstract: A bending order which provides a highest possible bending accuracy is determined. First a bending order generating section generates a plurality of bending orders possible for bending operation. Then, whether the bend angle of each bend can be measured in each generated bending order is checked by a measurement judging section. For each bend which has been determined as an objective bend "impossible to measure", a reference bend whose correction value for a die driving amount is to be used for calculating a correction value for the objective bend is set by a correction condition setting section. Weighting is carried out by a weight setting section based on the degree of the correlation between the processing factors of the objective bend and the processing factors of its associated reference bend, and the weights assigned to all the objective bends are summed by a weight sum computing section.

Abstract: An adaptive controller using an adjustment law expressed in recurrence formula, including a plant, a controller which controls an input to the plant, and a parameter adjuster which adjusts a parameter of the controller. In the controller, an input to the parameter adjuster is multiplied by a coefficient other than 1 such that the range of change of the parameter adjuster's internal variable is restricted to a predetermined limit. With this arrangement, the controller can be realized on a less expensive and fewer-bit-length microcomputer such as 16-bits. The input to the parameter adjuster may be made up of the control input to the plant and an output therefrom. Alternatively, the input to the controller and an output from the plant may be both multiplied by a coefficient other than 1 to be input to the parameter adjuster.

Abstract: Method for the water removal from a surface, which comprises covering the surface with a composition having specific weight higher than that of the water, and subsequently removing water from the composition by skimming, such composition comprising a (per)fluoropolyether having molecular weight comprised between 300 and 1500 and a non ionic additive having a (perfluoropolyethereal structure similar to that of the solvent, linked to an hydrogenated part of hydrophilic type, the molecular weight of the (per)fluorinated part is comprised between 400 and 1200 and the ratio by weight between (per)fluorinated part and hydrogenated part is comprised between 1.5 and 3.5.

Abstract: A clamp for an overhead line including a clamp body in which a first gripping groove for gripping the overhead line is formed; a clamp cap in which a second gripping groove for gripping the overhead line is formed and which is pivotably attached to the clamp body via a hinge unit; a fastening unit for fastening the clamp body and clamp cap in a manner enabling free opening and closing so that the overhead line is affixed between the first and second gripping grooves so as to be unable to move in an axial direction at the pivot position of the final fastening state; and an expansion unit for causing the clamp cap to stop at a position where it is forcibly kept open by a predetermined clearance from the clamp body against a fastening force given by the fastening unit so that the clamp body and the clamp cap are not located at the pivot position of the final fastening state and in addition so that a clearance is formed between the first and second gripping grooves and the overhead line and a method for attachmen

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device including a step of exposing a resist by use of an exposure mask. An object of the present invention is to facilitate a level adjustment of the reticle and thus automatically determine an optimum focus. The present invention has steps of providing a reticle with a plurality of inspection patterns, which are positioned within a dicing line area around a semiconductor integrated circuit forming area on the reticle, and of which each has a size such that their transferred patterns are changed in shape according to an amount of deviation in focus, and exposing a resist by use of the reticle.

Abstract: A method of producing a semiconductor device includes the steps of (a) preparing a substrate having a semiconductor element formed in a predetermined region of a surface of the substrate, (b) forming a first layer on the substrate, where the first layer is made of silicon oxide including at least one of boron and phosphor, (c) forming a second layer on a surface of the first layer, where the second layer is made of a material selected from a group consisting of silicon nitride and silicon oxide nitride, (d) coating a resist layer on the entire surface of the substrate, (e) exposing and developing a predetermined region of the resist layer using a reticle having a first opening so as to form a second opening in the resist layer, where the first opening has a polygonal shape having n corners respectively having obtuse angles and n is a natural number satisfying n.gtoreq.5, and (f) etching the second and first layers via the second opening.

Abstract: A semiconductor integrated circuit configured of a DRAM or the like has a function of generating a step-up voltage and supplying it to a plurality of semiconductor devices. During the period when a burn-in test is conducted, the input voltage of a precharge portion for precharging a step-up node for outputting the step-up voltage is clamped to a predetermined level by a precharge input voltage clamping unit. The precharge input voltage clamping unit prevents the step-up voltage level across the step-up node from excessively increasing during the burn-in test.

Abstract: An antilock brake control system for a vehicle includes a control start determining device for determining that an antilock brake control should be started, in response to a slip rate calculated based on a wheel speed and a presumed vehicle speed exceeding a start determination threshold value determined as a function of the presumed vehicle speed. The control start determining device changes the function of the presumed vehicle speed for calculating the start determination threshold value, based on the state of the antilock brake control for a wheel other than a wheel which is subjected to the determination by the control start determining device, and the results of the determinations by the road surface friction coefficient determining device and the bad-road determining device. Thus, appropriate antilock brake control for the situation of a road surface is conducted.

Abstract: An automatic disc changer has a casing for the automatic disc changer, and a plurality of disc holders arranged in the casing. The disc holder stores a plurality of discs in vertical position. A reproducing device is provided in the casing to be moved along the disc holder. A detector is provided for detecting completion of change of a disc. In response to the detection, the reproducing device is stopped for a predetermined time.

Abstract: A digital PLL circuit recovers a clock signal from an analog baseband signal. The PLL circuit has a phase comparator. The phase comparator provides a loop filter with a control value for a period of the recovered clock signal after a determination is made. If the determination is that the baseband signal has crossed a transition level, the control value corresponds to a time difference between a sampling point and a transition-level crossing point of the baseband signal. If the determination is that the baseband signal has not crossed the transition level, the control value is 0. The PLL circuit shortens a lockup time and provides stable operation even if the baseband signal involves an offset.

Abstract: In a device cover fastened to a casing of a vibration generating source to cover a device mounted on an outer surface of the casing, an elastic member having a natural frequency different from that of the device cover, is mounted in a mounting bore provided in the device cover which is fastened directly to the casing to close the mounting bore. Thus, the strength and durability requirements of the device cover are satisfied and moreover, the vibration of the device cover can be inhibited to reduce the resonance sound from the device cover in a simple arrangement.

Abstract: A gas shielding apparatus comprising a main gas jacket having induction heating means, and front gas jacket and rear gas jacket integrally disposed at supply side and discharge side of a member to be bonded or a member to be heated of the main gas jacket, wherein gas shielding is achieved by setting the internal pressure of the main gas jacket lower than the internal pressure of the front gas jacket and rear gas jacket, so that the holding time of the shielding gas jacket in the main gas jacket becomes long.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein the variables are as defined in the specification. These compounds are useful in the treatment of arterial hypertension and heart failure, of renal insufficiency, of peripheral arteriopathies and of cerebrovascular insufficiencies.

Abstract: A widened loop is formed by using a flat knitting machine which has at least a pair of needle beds and one of the needle beds can be moved sideways. A widening needle is made to be empty, and yarn is fed from one end of the knitting range to a needle short of the widening needle. Next, yarn is not fed to the widening needle but to a needle next to the widening needle. The yarn feeder is reversed and yarn is fed to the widening needle. Then the yarn feeder is reversed again and yarn is fed to a needle next to the needle to which yarn has been fed. According to the method loops 21, 23 on both sides of the widened loop 11 are connected together by a cross-over yarn 25, and the widened loop 11 is held by a loop 13 of the previous course. Therefore it will not be pulled up. Because of these arrangements, an open gap will be hardly generated around the widened loop 11.

Abstract: A fuel injection system for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine, which includes a rigid elongated unitary member incorporating a gas supply duct, a fuel supply duct and a fuel return duct, each of which extends in the direction of elongation of the unitary member. A separate fuel metering device and fuel injecting device is provided for each engine cylinder. The fuel metering device is arranged to deliver metered quantities of fuel to the fuel injection device and is in communication with the fuel supply and fuel return ducts so that fuel can be circulated through each of the fuel metering devices. The fuel injecting devices are each in communication with the gas duct and communicable with one of the engine cylinders. The fuel injection devices are adapted to effect delivery of a metered quantity of fuel entrained in gas supplied from the gas duct when the fuel injecting device is in fluid communication with a cylinder.