Abstract: An aqueous liquid composition containing dihydrogen phosphate salt, sulfur containing surfactant, and preferably a small amount of phosphoric acid cleans soiled metal surfaces without damaging any plastic parts that come into contact with the composition with the composition and without supporting the growth of bacteria that cause unpleasant odors. The composition is particularly useful for cleaning unpainted aluminum sided rail transport cars that have polycarbonate housings insulating electrical contact points that provide motive electric power to the cars; many conventional aqueous alkaline and acid cleaners promote stress cracking of polycarbonate plastics.

Abstract: An aqueous liquid composition for treating the surface of copper-containing metals is a dispersion and/or solution in water and organic solvent, at least one silane coupling agent having a functional moiety selected from vinyl, mercapto, amino and glycidyloxy moieties bonded to one carbon atom in the silane coupling agent and other epoxy moieties bonded to two adjacent carbon atoms in the silane coupling agent and at least one copper inhibitor compound selected from azoles, azines, aromatic secondary amines, and aromatic diacylhydrazides. Treatment with this composition provides excellent migration resistance, an excellent solder resistance, and a very durable adhesiveness to a variety of copper containing metal surfaces.

Abstract: Described are a concentrate, a working solution and a process for iron phosphating of metals, in which the solution contains nitrobenzene sulfonic acid and substituted short-chain monocarboxylic acids of the amino acid and/or hydroxycarboxylic acid type as the accelerators.

Abstract: Aqueous detergents that thicken when mixed with water contain a combination of at least one tertiary amine oxide, at least one alkyl polyglycoside, and at least one water-soluble organic solvent. Also disclosed is the use of these detergents for cleaning hard surfaces.

Abstract: A high quality lubricant for heavy duty service air conditioner and refrigerator compressors, especially those using chlorine free hydrofluorocarbon refrigerant working fluids, is provided by mixed esters of hindered polyols, most desirably di-pentaerythritol, usually mixed with some pentaerythritol, with a mixture of carboxylic acids including at least some of each of iso-pentanoic acid and iso-nonanoic acid.

Abstract: Treatment of aluminiferous metal surfaces with an aqueous liquid composition which has a pH value in the range from 1.8 to 4.0 and comprises (A) from 0.01 to 1.0 g/L of phosphate ions, (B) from 0.01 to 0.5 g/L, measured as its total stoichiometric equivalent as metal, of water-soluble zirconium and titanium compounds, (C) from 0.01 to 2-0 g/L, measured as fluorine, of simple and/or complex fluoride anions; and (D) from 0.01 to 2.0 g/L of water-soluble polyamides that contain at least one tertiary amino or polyoxyalkylene moiety forms a highly corrosion-resistant, strongly paint-adherent, and low friction conversion coating on the metal surface.

Abstract: To prevent the deterioration in water-resistant secondary adherence that occurs during prolonged use of a fluoride-containing phosphate conversion coating liquid composition to form a conversion coating on metal surfaces that are at least partly aluminiferous, the aluminum compound-containing sludge produced in the phosphate conversion coating liquid composition as it is used is coagulated and sedimented by adding at least one cationic polymeric coagulant to the sludge-containing phosphate conversion coating liquid composition.

Abstract: The formation on the surface of Mg-containing metal of a highly corrosion-resistant, highly rust-inhibiting, and strongly paint-adherent conversion coating, using a chromic acid free treatment bath, is achieved by treatment with a pH 2.0-5.0 aqueous bath that contains phosphoric acid, manganese ion, and amine, thereby forming a conversion coating that contains P--Mn and Mn--N and/or other nitrogen compounds.

Abstract: Equations have been developed to predict the amount of sludge formed during, and the values of several other characteristics of, zinc phosphating processes. Using these equations, novel compositions that achieve low sludge without sacrificing other characteristics of good zinc phosphate coatings have been discovered.

Abstract: A chemically and thermally stable chromate free aqueous liquid treatment for metals, especially aluminum, that imparts corrosion resistance as good as that from conventional chromate containing treatments, contains water and:(A) a component selected from the group consisting of H.sub.2 TiF.sub.6, H.sub.2 ZrF.sub.6, H.sub.2 HfF.sub.6, H.sub.2 SiF.sub.6, H.sub.2 GeF.sub.6, H.sub.2 SnF.sub.6, HBF.sub.

Abstract: Aluminum or aluminum alloy sheet is treated with an aqueous composition containing: (a) acrylic polymers or copolymers with a glass transition temperature of no greater than 0.degree. C., and (b) a water soluble zirconium compound, and dried. Preferably, the drying process is at an elevated temperature without intermediate rinsing. The coated aluminum/alloy surfaces exhibit corrosion resistance and paint adherence through a forming operation.

Abstract: Iron phosphate conversion coatings that are well adapted to serve as carriers for metal cold working lubricants, particularly such lubricants that contain polyoxyethylene adducts of long chain primary alcohols as a major lubricating component, can be formed on ferriferous surfaces within practical times such as 5 to 10 minutes by contact with an aqueous solution of almost neutralized phosphoric acid that has sufficient Free Acid and/or Total Acid content to form a heavier phosphate conversion coating than do conventional iron phosphating compositions. The phosphate conversion coating forming aqueous liquid composition advantageously also contains an accelerator component such as chlorate or hydroxylamine.

Abstract: A process for sealing anodized metals without using any heavy metals comprises a first step in which the anodized metal is contacted for a period of between 3 and 30 minutes (for an anodized layer thickness of 20 .mu.m) with an aqueous solution which has a temperature from 15.degree. to 35.degree. C. and a pH between 5.0 and 6.5 and contains from 0.1 to 3 g/l of lithium ions and from 0.1 to 5 g/l of fluoride ions and a second step in which the anodized metal is contacted for a period from 5 to 30 minutes (for an anodized layer thickness of 20 .mu.m) with water or an aqueous solution of substances which prevent the formation of a sealing coating, the solution having a pH from 5.5 to 8.5 and a temperature from 80.degree. to 100.degree. C.

Abstract: A zinc phosphating composition containing organoperoxide along with zinc ions and phosphate ions forms finely crystalline, dense, and thin conversion coatings on metal surfaces that are normally zinc phosphate conversion coated, even at coating temperatures below 50.degree. C. and without any "conditioning" of the surface before conversion coating by contact of the surface to be conversion coated with a conventional colloidal suspension of titanium salts.

Abstract: A solution in water of fluorometallate and phosphate anions, divalent and/or trivalent metal cations, and polyhydroxylaminomethyl substituted polymers of vinyl phenol(s) provides an effective and economical post-rinse for conversion coatings, particularly predominantly zinc phosphate coatings that also contain manganese and may contain other cations.

Abstract: More nearly consistent quality of the coatings formed by contacting a zinciferous surface with an aqueous liquid treatment composition comprising water, transition metal cations, and fluorometallate anions, and, optionally, acidity adjustment agents can be achieved by (I) measuring the pH value of and the concentrations of transition metal cations and of fluorometallate anions in the treatment composition as it is used, (II) removing a specified fraction of the treatment composition from contact with the remainder of the treatment composition, and (III) adding one or more suitable replenisher compositions to the treatment composition, in order to maintain the measured pH and concentration values within specified ranges.

Abstract: Described is a process using a no-rinse technique for the production of a chromium-free conversion layer on the surface of aluminum and its alloys by treating with an aqueous solution having a pH between 1 and 3.5 and containing titanium and/or zirconium plus an organic film-forming agent. The process is characterized in that the surface is brought into contact with a solution containing a) 2.2 to 22.0 g/l of Zr(IV) and/or 1.4 to 14.0 g/l of Ti(IV), b) 2.4 to 24.0 g/l of orthophosphate, c) 3.0 to 30.0 g/l of fluoride, d) 0.15 to 1.5 g/l of a water-soluble or homogeneously water-dispersible organic film former and, after a contact time between 1 and 40 seconds, the wet surface is allowed to dry, without rinsing, at a temperature between 50.degree. and 125.degree. C. Also described are aqueous concentrates for use in the process.

Abstract: A high quality lubricant for hermetically sealed domestic air conditioner and refrigerator compressors, especially those using chlorine free hydrofluorocarbon refrigerant working fluids, is provided by mixed esters of hindered polyols, most desirably pentaerythritol, with a mixture of carboxylic acids including at least some iso-pentanoic acid along with either or both of iso-nonanoic acid and dibasic acids such as adipic.

Abstract: The phenomenon of "mapping" (surface defects) after electrophoretic painting over phosphate conversion coatings passivated with hexavalent chromium containing passivating compositions can be avoided or reduced by keeping the surface being treated constantly wet from the time it is conversion coated until it is electrophoretically painted, by preceding the passivating step by treatment with an aqueous liquid treatment composition comprising at least one of the following components: (A) a water soluble and/or water dispersible polymer with a weight average molecular weight of at least 500; (B) fluorometallic acids and anions thereof, the molecules of which consist of (i) at least one atom of boron, silicon, zirconium, iron, aluminum, or titanium, (ii) at least four fluorine atoms, and, optionally, (iii) one or more atoms of oxygen, hydrogen, or both; (C) zirconium salts of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid; and (D) alkali metal and ammonium zirconyl carboxylates and carbonates; or by replacing the chromium conta

Abstract: The electrical resistivity of hindered polyol ester lubricants can be raised to very high levels by treating the lubricants with activated alumina, preferably after the acid values of the lubricants treated have already been reduced to low levels by conventional refining with alkali or other acid scavengers.