Abstract: Mixtures containinga) 58 to 95% by weight of at least one ester with an iodine value of 50 to 150 derived from fatty acids containing 12 to 22 carbon atoms and lower aliphatic alcohols containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms,b) 4 to 40% by weight of at least one ester of fatty acids containing 6 to 14 carbon atoms and lower aliphatic alcohols containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms andc) 0.1 to 2% by weight of at least one polymeric ester, are distinguished by particular low-temperature stability and can be used as a fuel for diesel engines.

Abstract: An aqueous alkaline cleaner for aluminum has a pH in the range from 10.0-12.0 and contains:(A) from 0.5 to 10.0 g/L of an alkali builder component;(B) from 0.5 to 10.0 g/L of aminoalkyl- and/or hydroxyalkyldi-phosphonic acids and/or their water soluble salts;(C) from 0.1 to 3.0 g/L of an aluminum ion sequestering agent component; and(D) from 0.5 to 5.0 g/L of a surfactant component.Cleaning aluminum and aluminum alloy with such a cleaner generates an excellent surface condition with respect to de-smutting performance, water wettability, avoidance of black smut production, blackening, and paint adherence at least as good as that achieved with conventional acid cleaners, without requiring any acid wash.

Abstract: A combination of phosphonoinidazoline at surfactant, soluble polyvalent metal ions, and a metal etching component, which is tolerant of aluminum cations and aluminate anions, when used as the Stage 4 rinse for aluminum cans provides good can mobility and good resistance to loss of mobility during heating of the treated cans to a greater extent than is normal during high speed processing. A concentrate of the active ingredients of such a Stage 4 treatment also maintains its effectiveness for longer than do similar produels when stored at high ambient temperatures.

Abstract: The following water soluble materials are all satisfactory internal accelerators for otherwise conventional zinc phosphate conversion coating solutions: reducing sugars, starch, urea, and poly{acrylates and methacrylates}. Concentrates including these ingredients and otherwise conventional constituents of zinc phosphate conversion coating compositions, except for excluding conventional accelerators other than nitrate, are stable in composition during storage, unlike most conversion coating compositions containing conventional accelerators. Thus concentrates according to the invention are practical single-package concentrates that can be made into working phosphating compositions by dilution with water only.

Abstract: A process of retaining or enhancing corrosion resistance of autodeposited coatings on metallic surfaces by contacting the uncured coating on the metallic surface with a rinse solution containing hydrofluorozirconic acid or a salt thereof, such as nickel or cobalt salt. The metallic surface may be cold rolled steel or galvanized steel. The resinous autodeposited coatings are poly{vinylidene chloride} polymers. Copolymers containing at least 50% by weight poly{vinylidene chloride} are suitable. Because the protective properties of the autodeposited coatings are improved on both types of steel, both may be processed simultaneously, providing practical and economic advantages.

Abstract: In a process for phosphatizing electrolytically and/or hot-dip galvanized steel strip, the steel strip is briefly treated with acidic phosphatizing solutions which contain, in addition to zinc and phosphate ions, manganese and nickel cations and anions of oxygen-containing acids with an accelerator effect. The weight ratio of nickel cations to nitrate anions is adjusted to between 1:10 and 1:60 and the weight ratio of manganese cations nitrate anions is adjusted to between 1:1 and 1:40.

Abstract: A corrosion resistant film with a low coefficient of friction that facilitates automatic conveying can be formed on the surface of tin-plated steel or of aluminum, particularly DI cans of one of these types of metal, by contacting the aluminum or the tin plated steel with an aqueous liquid composition having a pH in the range from 2.0 to 6.5 and containing:(A) from 1 to 30 g/L of phosphate ions,(B) from 0.1 to 10 g/L of condensed phosphate ions, and(C) from 0.1 to 20 g/L as solids of water-soluble polymers of N-vinylphenol substituted on the phenolic rings with dialkylaminomethyl groups.

Abstract: An effective lubricant for cold working of metals is provided by a combination of a water soluble copolymer of styrene with maleic anhydride, maleic acid, and/or an ammonium or substituted ammonium maleate salt with an ethoxylated alcohol, preferably an alcohol with at least 40 carbon atoms before ethoxylation and about 50% of its mass in the polyoxyethylene block in the molecule.

Abstract: A chromating composition including hexavalent and trivalent chromium, phosphate ions, silica, and a silane coupling agent and with ratios among its components within certain specified ranges produces a protective layer on the surface of zinc coated steel treated with the composition that has an excellent alkali resistance, corrosion resistance, coatability, and welding tolerance.

Abstract: The addition of ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block copolymers containing 5 to 35 weight % of ethylene oxy groups and molar masses of the propylene glycol block between 1500 and 3000 to dry, hydraulic binder materials results in reduced dust formation, improved wettability, and enhanced flow properties of these materials when they are mixed with water.

Abstract: Described are water-in-oil emulsions containing an emulsion polymerizate which is soluble in or swells in water and an oil phase, consisting at least partly of monoether compounds, that is not miscible with water in all proportions. Also described are a method of preparing such emulsions and their use as agents for precipitation, sedimentation, and/or thickening.

Abstract: Heating an aqueous mixture of a fluoroacid such as H.sub.2 TiF.sub.6 and an oxide, hydroxide, and/or carbonate such as silica produces a clear mixture with long term stability against settling of any solid phase, even when the oxide, hydroxide, or carbonate phase before heating was a dispersed solid with sufficiently large particles to scatter light and make the mixture before heating cloudy. The clear mixture produced by heating can either be mixed with water soluble and/or water dispersible polymers, for example with dispersed polymers of the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A or an acrylic acid polymer, or with soluble hexavalent and/or trivalent chromium, to produce a composition that improves the corrosion resistance of metals treated with the composition, especially after subsequent painting.

Abstract: Substantially improved resistance to sea water corrosion along with adequate hydrophilicity and retention or even improvement of hydrophilicity after exposure to high temperature can be provided on a metal substrate, particularly an aluminum alloy of the type used for heat exchanger fins, by an aqueous liquid hydrophilicizing treatment composition containing poly{alkylene imine} and alkali metal silicae, and, optionally, polyether polyols. The hydrophilicizing treatment is preferably applied over a conventional conversion coating, particularly a chromium phosphate or chromium oxide conversion coating.

Abstract: A superior protective prepainting treatment for tin plated steel surfaces, particularly DI cans, may be achieved by contacting the surface with an aqueous liquid composition containing from 1 to 30 g/L of phosphate ions, from 0.1 to 5 g/L of condensed phosphate ions, from 0.5 to 5 g/L of reducing agent, and from 0.1 to 20 g/L of dissolved solids of a water soluble aminated poly{vinyl phenol} resin.

Abstract: This invention is a process for the hydrothermal preparation of sodium disilicate with a molar ratio of Na.sub.2 O:SiO.sub.2 of 1:2 at an elevated temperature and a pressure corresponding to said temperature in a pressure vessel, characterized in that quartz sand and caustic soda solution and/or an aqueous solution of amorphous sodium disilicate at a total solids concentration of from 50 to 75% by weight are heated to at least 235.degree. C. in a first step, the concentration may be increased in an optional second step by removing water from the reaction mixture, in a third step, dependent on whether the second step has been carried out, the amount of water removed in the second step is completely or partially added again to the mixture during or immediately after same has been cooled to from 90.degree. C. to 130.degree. C., and then the obtained crystalline sodium disilicate is recovered.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for treating (recycling) lacquer coagulum containing lacquer overspray and layered silicate containing coagulating agents, in which the layered silicate containing paint coagulum is vacuum dried, processed at low temperatures and then ground, and to the use of the processed paint coagulum as a basic component, additive, or filler in lacquers and paints, building materials, sealing materials, car underseal compositions or adhesives.

Abstract: Described is a method of recycling the sludge which arises during the zinc phosphating of steel surfaces. The sludge is preferably digested with nitric acid, the iron selectively extracted from the digested solution with liquid/liquid extraction and the extract thus obtained reused in the preparation of zinc phosphating solution. The preferred extraction solvent is a solution of the monoester of 2-ethylhexyl alcohol with phosphoric acid in kerosene.

Abstract: Substantially improved retention of hydrophilicity after exposure to high temperature can be provided on a metal substrate, particularly an aluminum alloy of the type used for heat exchanger fins by an aqueous liquid hydrophilicizing treatment composition containing acrylic and/or methacrylic acid polymer or copolymer, polyether alcohol, and alkali metal silicate. The treatment composition may also contain an anti-microbial agent and additional alkalinizer. The hydrophilicizing treatment is preferably applied over a conventional conversion coating, particularly a chromium phosphate or chromium oxide conversion coating.

Abstract: This invention includes new water-dilutable binder mixtures based on alkyd resins modified by poly{ethylene glycol} and poly{N-acyl alkylene imines}, a process for preparing such binder mixtures, and the use of such binders in oxidatively drying paints and varnishes.

Abstract: A chromium free conversion coating at least equivalent in corrosion protective quality to conventional chromate conversion coatings can be formed on metals, particularly galvanized steel, by a dry-in-place aqueous acidic liquid comprising:(A) a component of anions, each of said anions consisting of (i) at least four fluorine atoms and (ii) at least one atom of an element selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, silicon, and boron and, optionally, (iii) one or more oxygen atoms;(B) a component of cations of elements selected from the group consisting of cobalt, magnesium, manganese, zinc, nickel, tin, zirconium, iron, aluminum and copper; the ratio of the total number of cations of this component to the total number of anions of component (A) being at least 2:5; and(C) sufficient free acid to give the composition, after dilution with from 1 to 19 times its own weight of water, a pH in the range from 0.5 to 5.