Abstract: Free flowing aqueous dispersions of non water soluble paraffin hydrocarbons and fats that melt at 30.degree. to 100.degree. C., the dispersions containing up to 60 weight percent of these substances, are produced by using as dispersant up to 1 weight percent of non-ionic surface active ethylene oxide addition products with an HLB value between 12 and 19.6. Preferred dispersions contain 30 to 50 weight percent of fatty alcohols, and, as a dispersant, the products of addition of 20 to 100 moles of ethylene oxide to a fatty alcohol with 16 to 22 carbon atoms, the amount of dispersant being 0.1 to 0.5 weight percent relative to the whole dispersion.

Abstract: Oral and dental care preparations containing polysaccharide-splitting enzymes, particularly dextranase, contain alkylglycosides, preferably those corresponding to the general formulaRO--(C.sub.6 H.sub.10 O.sub.5).sub.x --H,in which R is an aliphatic radical of a primary C.sub.8-22 fatty alcohol and --(C.sub.6 H.sub.10 O.sub.5).sub.x --H is an oligoglycoside group having an average degree of oligomerization x of 1 to 10 and preferably 1 to 3, as enzyme-compatible and high-foaming surfactants with good wetting properties.

Abstract: An aqueous liquid combination of simple and complex fluorides, a chelating agent for iron, phosphate ions, a hydroxylamine source, and an oxidizing agent selected from among water soluble nitroaromatic organic compounds, molybdates, and tungstates, provides good quality protective phosphate conversion coatings on ferrous, zinciferous, aluminous, and magnesium and magnesium alloy metal surfaces, without needing any divalent or higher valent metal cations such as are generally used to produce high quality phosphate conversion coatings. If the combination includes suitable surfactants, no prior chemical cleaning of the metal to be treated is required for good results.

Abstract: Zinciferous surfaces, particularly those of galvanized steel, may be effectively protected against corrosion, either as treated or after painting, while remaining easy to weld, by contact with an aqueous solution containing chromium in both +6 and +3 valence states, phosphate, a tertiary alcohol or similar oxidation stable, water soluble organic compound as a wetting agent, and a silane coupling agent, followed by drying with a film from the solution still in place on the surface. A thin coating containing 10-200 mg/m.sup.2 of chromium is formed on the surface to provide a protective layer that is also an excellent base for paint.

Abstract: The use of certain imidazole derivatives such as 1-benzyl-2-methyl-imidazole, 1-benzyl-imidazole, 1-hydroxyethyl-2-phenyl-4,5-dihydroimidazole, 2-phenyl-4,5-dihydroimidazole and N,N'-carbonyldiimidazole as primer in the bonding of molded parts, especially parts made of polyolefins, with cyanoacrylate adhesives gives bonds with high strengths, even when the application of adhesive is delayed for rather long"open" times after the application of the primer.

Abstract: The invention is a collector composition for a flotation process containing a primary or secondary amine or amine salt and at least one of xanthates, dithiophosphates, mercaptobenzothiazoles, xanthogen format and thiococarbamate and a flotation process which utilizer the collector composition.

Abstract: Glycerol ether sulfates suitable for the production of manual dishwashing detergents and liquid and powdered laundry detergents are obtained by reaction of glycerol ethers in liquid phases with gaseous sulfur trioxide and subsequent neutralization with aqueous bases.

Abstract: A metal treatment solution comprising an effective amount of a soluble or dispersible compound which is a derivative of a polyphenol. A composition for treatment and after treatment of metal with polyphenol compounds is provided. The present invention includes novel derivatives of polyphenol compounds which are useful in surface treatment solutions or dispersions. A method for using these solutions or dispersions is also provided. The molecular weight of the polyphenols used to form the derivatives of the present invention are in the range of from about 360 to 30,000 or greater. The resulting derivatives of the present invention typically have molecular weight of up to about 2,000,000 with molecular weights within the range of about 700 to about 70,000 being preferred.

Abstract: Liquid preparations for oxidation hair dyes, which contain soaps, water-soluble cationic polymers and hair dye intermediates in an aqueous or aqueous-alcoholic carrier, can be stabilized by amines corresponding to formula (C) ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is a C.sub.8-22 alkyl group,R.sup.2 is hydrogen or a C.sub.8-22 alkyl group,R.sup.3 is hydrogen except when r=q=0 and then is C.sub.1-4 alkyl, andm, n, o, p, q and r are numbers of 0 to 6.

Abstract: A process forming an organic coating, such as an autodeposited coating, on a plurality of small metallic articles by contacting the articles with a liquid coating composition containing an organic film-forming material comprising:(A) providing a plurality of said articles, with at least some of the articles being in contact with at least one other of said articles;(B) immersing the articles into a bath of said composition under conditions such that said articles are not in conttact with another article in said composition;(C) maintaining said articles in separated form in said composition for a period of time sufficiently long for the entirety of the surfaces of said articles to be coated with said composition; and(D) collecting the coated articles in the bath in a form in which at least some of the coated articles are in contact with another of said coated articles;wherein the coating composition is capable of forming on a steel panel immersed therein a coating having a wet strength such that its rinse resis

Abstract: Effective, titanium-free agents for activating metal surfaces prior to phosphating these surfaces with phosphating baths containing zinc ions can be made by reacting alkali metal phosphates with 1,1-diphosphonic acids and their alkali metal slats and/or poly(aldehydocarboxylic acids) and their alkali metal salts.

Abstract: Incremental alternating additions of sulfonating agent acids and alkylating alcohols give superior results in the synthesis of alkyl naphthalene sulfonate surfactant products from naphthalene starting material.

Abstract: Radiation curable compositions containing outstanding reactive diluents have been developed. The diluents are lower alkyl ether acrylates and methacrylates of particular alkoxylated and non-alkoxylated polyols.Examples are mono-methoxy trimethylolopropane diacrylate, mono-methoxy neopentyl glycol monoacrylate and mono-methoxy, ethoxylated neopentyl glycol monoacrylate having an average of about two moles of ethylene oxide.

Abstract: Hair dyeing compositions contain N-cycloalkyl-3-aminophenols corresponding to the following formula ##STR1## in which n is an integer of 4 to 8 and R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 independently of one another represent hydrogen, methyl groups or chlorine,or salts thereof as oxidation dye intermediates of the coupler type in addition to typical primary intermediates in a carrier. In conjunction with typical primary intermediates, for example of the p-phenylenediamine derivative type, the new coupler compounds produce shades of brown of high fastness.

Abstract: The resistance of chromated zinc surfaced steel objects, particularly plates and sheets, to extraction of hexavalent chromium by alkaline degreasing solutions used on the chromated objects, can be substantially increased by utilizing an aqueous acidic liquid chromating composition containing (A) about 9.6 to about 96 g/L, expressed as its stoichiometric equivalent as chromic acid, of total chromium; (B) about 2 to about 35 g/L of trivalent chromium ions; (C) about 1 to about 128 g/L of phosphate ions; and (D) about 0.3 to about 4 g/L of fluorozirconate ions, with the chromium ratio in the aqueous acidic liquid composition being about 0.41 to about 0.70, the chromic acid/fluorozirconate weight ratio being about 10 to about 40, and the PO.sub.4 /Cr.sup.+3 ratio being greater than about 0.03, greater than or equal to about {(9.2) (the chromium ratio)-4.0}, and less than or equal to about {(9.2) (the chromium ratio)-1.2}. . .

Abstract: Zinciferous surfaces, particularly those of galvanized steel, may be effectively coated with an adherent corrosion resistant black layer of fine metal particles by contacting the surfaces with an aqueous solution containing (A) at least 0.5 g/L of the treatment solution of Ni.sup.2+ and/or Co.sup.2+ ions; and (B) an amount, sufficient to complex all the ions of component (A), of a weak complexing component selected from the group consisting of ammonia, saturated aliphatic compounds having at least two amino groups of which at least one is a primary amino group, and/or amino acids; and, optionally but preferably, (C) at least 50 parts per million ("ppm") by weight of a component selected from the group consisting of nitrite ions, nitrate ions, carbonate ions, thiocyanate ions, thiosulfate ions, thiourea, hypophosphite ions, phosphite ions, and/or perchlorate ions.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of compounds corresponding to formula (I) ##STR1## in which one of the substituents R.sup.1 or R.sup.2 is a nitro group while the other is hydrogen, halogen, an amino group, a mono- or dialkylamino group containing C.sub.1-4 alkyl groups, a C.sub.1-4 alkyl or alkoxy group, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 independently of one another represent hydrogen or a C.sub.1-4 alkyl group, A is a >CHR.sup.6 - or a >C.dbd.O- group, where R.sup.6 is hydrogen or a C.sub.1-4 alkyl group, and R.sup.5 is hydrogen or a C.sub.1-4 alkyl group, or salts thereof as substantive dyes in hair-dyeing compositions.When the substituent groups in formula I represent one of the combinations I-IV shown in the table below, the compounds are novel and are useful in hair-dyeing compositions.______________________________________ R.sup.1 R.sup.2 R.sup.3 R.sup.4 R.sup.5 A ______________________________________ I: H NO.sub.2 H CH.sub.3 H CH.sub.2 II: H NO.sub.2 CH.sub.3 CH.sub.3 H CH.sub.2 III: NH.sub.2 NO.sub.

Abstract: An exceptionally effective chromium free corrosion protective surface treatment composition for aluminum and its alloys is an aqueous acidic liquid comprising water and: (A) from about 0.8 to about 1.2 w/o of H.sub.2 ZrF.sub.6 ; (B) from about 0.08 to about 0.12 w/o of dispersed silica; (C) from about 0.08 to about 0.12 w/o of a water soluble or dispersible polymer of 3-(N-methyl-N-2-hydroxyethylaminomethyl)-4-hydroxystyrene; and (D) from 0.10 - 0.15 w/o of 1-propoxy-2-propanol. The surface to be treated is contacted with the composition and then dried without rinsing. A conventional organic coating may advantageously be applied over the surface produced by this treatment.

Abstract: The direct hydrothermal production of high purity potassium silicate solutions having a high SiO.sub.2 : K.sub.2 O molar ratio by reaction of a silicon dioxide source with aqueous potassium hydroxide solutions is made possible by using a silicon dioxide source that contains a sufficient fraction of cristobalite phase, or by conditioning other crystalline forms of silicon dioxide by heating at or above 1100.degree. C., but below the melting point of silica, before the hydrothermal treatment. Preferably the potassium hydroxide solution has a concentration range of 10 to 40% by weight, and the reaction is carried out in a closed pressure reactor at temperatures of 150.degree. to 300.degree. C. and under saturated steam pressures corresponding to those temperatures.

Abstract: The cold impact resistance and corrosion resistance of objects having a zinciferous metal surface successively coated with a zinc phosphate conversion coating and an organic surface coating can be improved by utilizing sufficient manganese ion in the solution used for zinc phosphating to assure the presence of at least 3% by weight manganese in the phosphate conversion coating layer formed. Sufficient phosphating to achieve good bonds to organic surface coatings can be accomplished in as little as 5 seconds.