Abstract: An overcurrent protection circuit for a power switching transistor wherein the power switching transistor has a control electrode and two main electrodes, the circuit comprising a circuit including a protection switch for sensing the rate of change of voltage with respect to time at one of the main electrodes of the power switching transistor and for controlling the protection switch to remove a control signal to the control electrode of the power switching transistor to turn off the power switching transistor if the rate of change exceeds a predefined value.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for mounting a light emitting element, enabling positioning on an object with precision with reference to the optic axis of a light emitting element, and mounting the element.

Abstract: A substrate processing apparatus performs a chemical solution process in a chemical solution process room that is partially formed within a chamber. During the chemical solution process, the substrate processing apparatus seals the chemical solution process room, and measures the pressure within the chemical solution process room, and controls the pressure within the chemical solution process room, based on a measured value. Irrespective of location environment of the substrate processing apparatus, the chemical solution process room can be controlled to a predetermined pressure. The substrate processing apparatus also permits efficient pressure control with respect to a minimum required amount of region.

Abstract: Expression systems are disclosed for the direct expression of peptide products into the culture media where genetically engineered host cells are grown. High yield was achieved with a special selection of hosts, and/or fermentation processes which include careful control of cell growth rate, and use of an inducer during growth phase. Special universal cloning vectors are provided for the preparation of expression vectors which include control regions having multiple promoters linked operably with coding regions encoding a signal peptide upstream from a coding region encoding the peptide of interest. Multiple transcription cassettes are also used to increase yield. The production of amidated peptides using the expression systems is also disclosed.

Abstract: A rolling bearing arrangement comprising at least two annular rows of bearing rolling bodies, a first inner ring and a second inner ring next to and coaxial with the first inner ring and a snap ring connecting the inner rings to one another. The snap ring has a radially inwardly projecting first engagement element at the first inner ring and a radially outwardly projecting second engagement element at the second inner ring. Radial depressions in the first and second inner rings receive respective engagement elements. The first engagement element engages into the first depression radially in the direction toward the axis of rotation of the rolling bearing arrangement. The second engagement element engages into the second radial depression radially away from the axis of rotation. Free inner spacing inside each inner ring, with one inner spacing nearer to the axis of rotation than the other inner spacing.

Abstract: A system and method for Micro Electro Mechanical System (MEMS) device characterization. The system comprising a stimulator for stimulating the device to generate phonons in the device; a detector for detecting the generated phonons; a converter for converting the phonons into a signal representative of displacement of a MEMS component of the device.

Abstract: A bonding apparatus such as an ultrasonic transducer is provided that comprises an oscillation amplification device having a longitudinal axis and a substantially triangular cross-sectional area on a plane that is orthogonal to the longitudinal axis. An ultrasonic driver is coupled to the oscillation amplification device at a first position along the longitudinal axis and a bonding tool is mounted to the oscillation amplification device at a second position along the longitudinal axis spaced from the first position.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cooling plate made of copper or a low-alloy copper alloy for metallurgic furnaces provided with high-strength sheet steel on the outside of the furnace. Said cooling plate has at least one, preferably at least two, coolant channels which extend inside the cooling plate, whereby coolant tube pieces used for feeding the coolant and discharging said coolant extend through the high-strength sheet steel of the furnace and are guided in an outer direction. Retaining tubes are arranged on the cooling plate and are provided with retaining disks which are arranged outside the high-strength sheet steel of the furnace and which fix the cooling plate in the direction of the inside of the furnace. The retaining tubes and retaining disks are preferably made of steel.

Abstract: Method for producing a spindle nut of a ball screw, by provided the circumference of the nut with at least one through-opening for receiving a deflecting piece for balls of the ball screw. A hole punch arranged in the spindle nut and operable to punch out the through-opening from radially inward to radially outward through the casing of the spindle nut.

Abstract: Method and device for detecting a line-of-sight of a subject and a three-dimensional view-point measurement device. The method uses a first camera, that measures the position of a pupil relative to a coordinate system, a second camera having a light source arranged at a known position in the coordinate system, and forming a corneal reflection center to obtain data of a size of vector r from the corneal reflection center to the pupil center and an angle ? of the vector r relative to a coordinate axis of the coordinate system, and a calculation means for calculating a line-of-sight direction based on information from each camera. In determining a relational formula, a subject is made to gaze at a known point to perform measurement and a relational formula is determined. In a line-of-sight determining stage, the subject is measured again using the relational formula.

Abstract: A circuit configuration which includes an input circuit referenced to one ground voltage and an output circuit referenced to another ground voltage capacitively coupled to the input circuit.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is, when determining a line-of-sight vector of a subject, to identify a three-dimensional position of a pupil center or corneal reflection center thereof. The line-of-sight vector is determined by measuring a distance from a camera to the pupil center or corneal reflection center of the subject using a two-dimensional CMOS distance image sensor by a light time-of-flight method and obtaining position information of the pupil center and corneal reflection center of the subject using the distance image sensor. If a position and a direction of the camera are identified, a camera-pupil center vector is determined from image information of the pupil center of the subject. Since the camera-pupil center distance has been measured, a pupil center position in a three-dimensional space is determined from the above information. Combining this with two line-of-sight vectors determines a position where line-of-sight vectors intersect, or a view-point.

Abstract: There are provided an image compression device, method, and program, a compression code data encoding device, method, and program, and a decoding device, method, and program. The image compression device includes: means for dividing the entire image into blocks, calculating an inclined plane or an outer edge inclined plane for calculating a parameter specifying the inclined plane or the outer edge inclined plane for approximating the respective blocks from the block pixel values, calculating an error amount or a difference value to calculate a difference between the inclined plane or the outer edge inclined plane and the respective pixel values, and calculating an encoding correction amount of each block; and encoding portion for reversibly encoding the parameter specifying the inclined plane or the outer edge inclined plane.

Abstract: A method for making a reinforcement device for a concrete structure includes the steps of (a) installing a plurality of parallel reinforcement rebars, and (b) embracing the reinforcement rebars with a cable unit by winding the cable unit around the reinforcement rebars. The cable unit has a plurality of wires twisted together.

Abstract: A tool is proposed for metal-cutting machining of bore surfaces with at least one cutter insert (1s, 1?s; 1u, 1?u, 1?u) which is let into the end face (41) of the tool (10) and at least one cutter insert (1s, 1?s; 1u, 1?u, 1?u) which is let into the circumferential face (43) of the tool (10), said cutter inserts (1s, 1?s; 1u, 1?u, 1?u) having at least two geometrically defined cutting edges. Said tool is characterized by the fact that one of the cutting edges of the cutter inserts is embodied as a roughing cutting edge (17, 17?) and the other cutting edge of the cutter inserts is embodied as a finishing cutting edge (19, 19?), and in that the cutting edges are arranged on the two ends of a side edge (15, 15?) of the cutter inserts.