Abstract: A universal interface apparatus having a processor for receiving one or more Network Interface signals having a transport mechanism associated therewith. The transport mechanism may include Asynchronous Transfer Mode, Internet Protocol, Frame Relay, Integrated Services Digital Network, High bit-rate Digital Subscriber Line, Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line, Very High Data Rate Digital Subscriber Line, Symmetric Digital Subscriber Line, 10 base T, 100 Base T, Gigabit Ethernet and E1/T1. The processor may recognize the transport mechanism associated with each Network Interface signal. In the event Asynchronous Transfer Mode is recognized as the transport mechanism, the processor may also segment perform Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) adaptation layer processing on each Network Interface signal.

Abstract: An apparatus in communication with a network having a tool for tracking connect time to the network. The apparatus may be communications device, a wireless handset, a personal digital assistant, a computer laptop, a portable communications device, a wired communications terminal, and/or a calling card. The tool for tracking connect time includes a periodic alarm having an onset and a duration time. Moreover, the tool for tracking connect time also includes means for varying the onset and the duration time of at least one period of the alarm with a variable arbitration offset.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a III-V heterostructure semiconductor device. The method includes the steps of forming at least one conductive post overlying a semiconductor region to form a structure, encapsulating the structure and the conductive post to form a planarized cured passivation layer, and exposing the conductive post through the planarized cured passivation layer to form the semiconductor device.

Abstract: A semiconductor device having a dielectric layer formed between a first and a second conductive layer. The dielectric layer comprising a layer of silicon oxide SiOX?2, having a dielectric constant greater than about 3.9 and less than or equal to about 12.

Abstract: An optical device for performing at least one Boolean logic operation. The optical device has at least a first and second input signal and at least one output signal. The optical device includes at least one interferometer for receiving the at least a first and second input signals. The device also has at least one optical amplifier for creating a phase difference between the first and second inputs to generate the output signal to perform at least one Boolean logic operation.

Abstract: A method of solvating metal ions in an aromatic organic liquid. The method includes adding an ammonium salt having an organic acid reagent to the aromatic organic liquid. The organic acid reagent comprises a carboxylate having eight (8) or less carbon atoms. Thereafter, an aqueous solution comprising a metal salt is added to the aromatic organic liquid comprising the ammonium salt and the organic acid reagent. As a result, at least 10% by weight of metal ions is solvated in the aromatic organic liquid.

Abstract: The present invention teaches a communications system comprising a first communications device for receiving data and a wake up signal. The first communications device comprises an active mode of operation and a sleep mode of operation for reducing power consumption. Further, the system comprises means for switching the first communications device to and from sleep mode in response to receiving the wake up signal. Further, the system comprises a second communications device for transmitting data to the first device during its active mode, while transmitting the wake up signal to the first device during its sleep mode.

Abstract: A power control method for reverse links used in soft handoff mode between a mobile and base stations of a CDMA wireless communication network. Each of the base stations computes a setpoint based on the quality of received frames. The lowest setpoint value is then used as a threshold for inner loop operation causing at least one of the reverse links to convey information in compliance with a target FER set by the network.

Abstract: A semiconductor device having a dielectric layer formed between a first and a second conductive layer. The dielectric layer comprising a layer of silicon oxide, SiOX≦2, having a dielectric constant greater than about 3.9 and less than or equal to about 12.

Abstract: An up to 3× breakdown voltage tristate capable integrated circuit CMOS buffer includes a level shifter circuit and a driver circuit. The driver stage includes a series connected n-channel and p-channel cascode stacks, each including at least three transistors. Dynamic gate biasing is provided for the third n-channel and p-channel cascode transistors to prevent voltage overstress of the cascode transistors. The level shifter circuit includes at least one pseudo N-MOS inverter including an input transistor, a protective cascode stack including at least one n-channel cascode transistor, and a load transistor. The level shifter provides at least one voltage shifted input signal to the driver.

Abstract: A tracking circuit fine tunes the sampling time to a resolution of ⅛ Tc, where Tc is a chip duration after the searcher circuit finds the timing to within 0.5 Tc. Depending on the prior art tracking circuit that is being used, the input signals are early and late sampled PN despread pilot symbols or early, late and ontime sampled PN despread pilot symbols. Early and late samples are plus or minus one tick or Tt (one tick is ⅛ Tc) away from the ontime samples. The basic principle is that if early and late samples have about the same energy, then the timing is correct. If not, then the sampling time is changed to obtain a balance. In this invention, improved performance of the prior art tracking circuit is obtained by using pilot estimation results, not ontime pilot symbols. In one embodiment, pilot estimation results are low pass filtered signals of ontime symbols which are normally generated upstream of the tracking circuit.

Abstract: A method of measuring a pattern of electromagnetic radiation. A plurality of scattered electromagnetic radiation samples are sensed from a transmitted signal formed from electromagnetic radiation. Thereafter, an antenna pattern from the scattered electromagnetic radiation samples is developed. Each scattered sample includes two-dimensional information corresponding with the power detected at a specific coordinate. The scattered samples may be arranged in a matrix, enabling a three-dimensional beamshape of the antenna pattern to be formulated.

Abstract: A method for varying the resistance along a conductive layer. The method including the step of removing at least a portion of a resistance-altering constituent diffused within the conductive layer.

Abstract: An apparatus including at least one designated memory cell of a plurality of memory cells. Disposed within each designated memory cell is a resistance-altering constituent. Consequently, a first binary value is recognoized in each designated cell and at least a second binary value is recognized in each remaining cell.

Abstract: A method for varying the resistance along a conductive layer. The method including the step of removing at least a portion of a resistance-altering constituent diffused within the conductive layer.

Abstract: A reflective element, such as a mirror, includes a substrate and a reflective layer formed thereon. The substrate comprises at least one thixotropic metal alloy, which is injected into a mold to form the shape desired for the reflective element. The reflective element may also include an interface layer comprising a thermoset material, such as an epoxy resin, formed between the substrate and the reflective layer to increase the smoothness of the substrate.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to the field of optical transmission and particularly to a method and an apparatus for controlling the optical power of an optical transmission signal in wavelength division multiplex optical transmission system (WDM system). It is known to add one additional channel to the optical transmission signal of WDM systems, for controlling the power of the optical transmission signal. The optical power of the control channel is controlled to keep the total optical power of the optical transmission signal constant, e.g., if a channel of the optical transmission signal fails, the optical power of the control channel is increased. To change the optical power of the control channel usually the injection current of a laser which generates the control channel is changed as the laser is operated in the continuous wave mode. This causes the disadvantage of cross talk which influences the optical transmission signal.

Abstract: A device for tuning the propagation of electromagnetic energy. The device includes a first and a second periodic dielectric structure. One of the periodic dielectric structures is movable with respect to the other periodic dielectric structure to modify a composite propagating wave characteristic of the device.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for adaptively adjusting the power of a probe signal to be transmitted by user equipment based on a characteristic of received signals and system constants so as to increase the likelihood that the probe signal will be detected by system equipment of a communication system. The Doppler shift of a received pilot signal is derived and an adjustment parameter is calculated based on the Doppler shift, time interval between successive probe transmissions, and system constants. The adjustment parameter is applied to the probe signal to be transmitted to compensate for the effects of fading to be experienced by the probe signal to be transmitted.

Abstract: A reflective element, such as a mirror, includes a substrate and a reflective layer formed thereon. The substrate comprises at least one thixotropic metal alloy, which is injected into a mold to form the shape desired for the reflective element. The reflective element may also include an interface layer comprising a thermoset material, such as an epoxy resin, formed between the substrate and the reflective layer to increase the smoothness of the substrate.