Abstract: An open clamp structure, especially for earless clamp structures which includes a clamping band with a mechanical interlock in the form of at least one outwardly extending hook in the inner band portion adapted to engage in an aperture of the outer band portion; a preassembly hook is provided in the inner band portion to assure a reliable preassembly of the clamp structure; the preassembly hook is thereby so constructed that it permits a snap-in like engagement of the outer band portion in the preassembled position in which the outer band portion is held until released therefrom when the clamp is tightened into its final assembly condition.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining the characteristics of materials, particularly of semiconductors, semiconductor heterostructures and semiconductor interfaces by the use of photoreflectance, in which monochromatic light and modulated light beam reflected from the sample is detected to produce a d.c. signal and an a.c. signal, whereby the d.c. signal is applied to one input of a computer and the a.c. signal is used with another input of the computer which controls the light intensity of the monochromatic light impinging on the sample to maintain the d.c. signal substantially constant. A stepping motor is preferably utilized for varying the light intensity of the monochromatic light which is controlled by a computer to re-establish rapidly a predetermined d.c. signal established during normalization procedures when the light intensity of the monochromatic light changes, especially during change of its wavelength.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining the characteristics of materials, particularly of semi-conductors, semi-conductor heterostructures and semi-conductor interfaces by the use of photoreflectance, in which monochromatic light and modulated light beam reflected from the sample is detected to produce a d.c. signal and an a.c. signal, whereby the d.c. signal is applied to one input of a computer and the a.c. signal is used with another input of the computer which controls the light intensity of the monochromatic light impinging on the sample to maintain the d.c. signal substantially constant. A stepping motor is preferably utilized for varying the light intensity of the monochromatic light. Additionally, the modulation frequency of the modulated beam and/or the wavelength of the monochromatic light can also be varied by the computer.

Abstract: A snowshoe binding providing facilitated entry and exit which includes a support housing made of semi-rigid material having rearwardly extending lateral support arms integral with the support housing to increase lateral support. The toe binding utilizes a yoke assembly that requires only a single, relatively short strap extending both in the transverse as well as forward direction by the use of a yoke member which permits the strap to remain flat for wearer comfort. By the use of a modified buckle, the free end of the heel strap extends toward the body so that ergonomic cinching is possible. Additionally, facilitated attachment and detachment of a crampon without the use of tools is made possible by the particular pivotal arrangement of the toe stop of the toe binding part.

Abstract: A method for determining information about properties at interfaces of semi-conductor materials in which a probe bean monochromatic light is directed onto a material sample which is itself electromodulated by a modulated pump beam, whereby the light reflected from the sample is detected to produce a d.c. signal and an a.c. signal, and after normalizing the procedure, the shifts of energy gaps in the band gaps are evaluated to obtain information about at least one externally applied parameter crossing such shift.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining the characteristics of materials, particularly of semi-conductors, semi-conductor heterostructures and semi-conductor interfaces by the use of photoreflectance, in which monochromatic light and an acousto-optically modulated light beam reflected from the sample is detected to produce a d.c. signal and an a.c. signal, whereby the d.c. signal is applied to one input of a computer and the a.c. signal is used with another input of the computer which controls the light intensity of the monochromatic light impinging on the sample to maintain the d.c. signal substantially constant. The modulation frequency of the modulated pump beam and/or the wavelength of the monochromatic light can also be varied by the computer. Information about trap times can be obtained by determining the dependence of the in-phase signal on the pump modulating frequency, respectively.

Abstract: A balancing arrangement for a rotating member, especially for hollow shaft made from lightweight metal, in which a counterweight of predetermined size and weight is affixed onto the external surfaces of the rotating member in predetermined position by the use of a clamping band made from a material normally devoid of an significant elastic stretchability. A plastically deformable ear structure is provided in the clamp structure for tightening the clamping band which includes two generally outwardly extending leg portions interconnected by a bridging portion that includes downwardly bent tab-like members along the longitudinal sides of the bridging portion to act as ramp surfaces and reinforcing elements for the ear structure. The counterweight is thereby connected with the clamping band in one place by spot-welding, particularly, when both clamping band and counterweight are made of stainless steel.

Abstract: An attachment for a load carrier, such as a bicycle rack which permits the user to adapt the same to changes in the configuration of the load, and which includes two pairs of tubular members which extend generally transversely to the carrier and generally L-shaped tubular support arms which are telescopically associated with a corresponding tubular member, whereby the support arms extend in opposite directions from the free ends of the corresponding pair of tubular members; the support arms which are angularly displaceable and extensible relative to the corresponding tubular member, can be locked against axial and angular movements so as to be held in their selected position; each pair of tubular members is clamped to a frame member of the load carrier. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the free end of each support arm terminates in a generally U-shaped support hook whereby the L-shaped support arm with its support hook are arranged in substantially the same plane.

Abstract: A conveyor installation for loose material, especially blasting materials for sand-blasting installations, includes on the hall floor, respectively, blast chamber floor at least one longitudinal conveyor (1, 2, 3, 4) and at right angle thereto at its conveyor end in the same plane a cross-conveyor (5). These conveyors (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) operate by the use of conveyor members (27, 28) which are suspended in a pneumatically driven reciprocating frame (19, 24, 33). The frames (19, 24, 33) include lateral girders (20, 21; 31, 32) which are connected by webs (22). The frames run on rollers (11 to 18, 34, 36) which project from boundary profiles (6, 7, 8, 9, 10). The latter delimit laterally the longitudinal conveyors (1, 2, 3, 4).

Abstract: An attachment for a load carrier, such as a bicycle rack which permits the user to adapt the same to the changes in the configuration of the load, and which includes two pairs of tubular members extending generally transversely to the carrier and generally L-shaped tubular support arms telescopically associated with a corresponding tubular member, whereby the support arms extend in opposite directions from the free ends of the corresponding pair of tubular members; the support arms which are angularly displaceable and extensible relative to the corresponding tubular members can be locked against axial movements so as to be held in their selected position; each pair of tubular members is thereby fastened to a frame member of the load carrier. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the free end of each support arm terminates in a generally U-shaped support hook whereby each L-shaped support arm with its support hook is arranged in substantially the same plane.

Abstract: A hose connection for high pressure installations and a method for making the same in which a nipple provided with externally projecting beads or ribs of annular configuration is initially internally expanded to substantially the inner diameter of the hose by an expanding tool while the hose is constrained against radially outward movement by a cylindrical sleeve-like member having a smooth internal surface. The sleeve-like member secured to the nipple is subjected to at least one subsequently realized inwardly extending deformation which may be made by a crimping tool; in case of annular rolled-in grooves, the latter are preferably so arranged that the deepest point of the annular grooves are located between peaks of adjacent beads or ribs.

Abstract: A self-tightening lamp formed from spring steel band material which exerts clamping forces by the inherent springiness of the band material. To minimize outwardly projecting parts with their injury danger and to obtain an inner clamping surface substantially devoid of any gaps or steps, the end of the outer band end portion is provided with an elongated slot adapted to receive the tongue-like overlapped inner band end portion. Temporary locking of the clamp is realized by a detent member in the tongue-like inner band end portion adapted to be lockingly engaged by a locking surface in the outer band portion. The elongated slot is thereby of such width as to accommodate the tongue-like inner band portion whereby the detent member is located in the elongated slot when the clamp is in its clamping position.

Abstract: An insert member for use in a hose connection which is of asymmetric construction and is outwardly flared at one end and inwardly bent at the other to be able to be located precisely in relation to a collar or shoulder on a nipple onto which a hose is to be securely fastened. One or several circumferential inwardly pressed grooves are provided in the main surface portion of the insert member. The bridging portion of the insert member which extends over the collar has thereby a somewhat larger outside dimension and is connected with the main surface portion of the insert member by way of an inclined step.

Abstract: An open clamp structure, especially an earless clamp structure with overlapping inner and outer clamping band portions adapted to be mechanically interconnected; the clamp structure can be tightened about the object to be fastened by the application of a tighening tool at tool-engaging surfaces in these band portions; the tool-engaging surfaces are thereby so constructed and arranged that over-torquing during tightening is precluded. Savings in band material can be realized by the particular arrangement of the mechanical connection of the inner and outer band portions which also permits an efficient preassembly.

Abstract: A high pressure coupling for hose-like objects in which the nipple structure includes a main portion, a connecting nipple portion extending from the main portion in one direction and a nipple portion extending from the main portion in the opposite direction. A sleeve-like member made from tubular stock is adapted to be securely connected to the nipple structure by crimping, flanging or the like. The nipple portion includes outwardly projecting, rounded-off ribs cooperating with rounded-off grooves in the sleeve-like member so that the hose inserted between the nipple portion and the sleeve-like member is held securely in position after the nipple portion is internally expanded with subsequent reduction of the cylindrical surface of the sleeve-like member. Both the nipple structure as well as the sleeve-like member are made from appropriate stock machined accurately to the required dimensions.

Abstract: In a connection of two edges of areal parts which extend at least along one common section essentially parallel to one another, at least one retaining element is arranged at the one edge which form-lockingly engages from behind, as viewed in the edge direction, in a recess in the other edge. At least one projection arranged laterally offset at the one edge in relation to the retaining element in the direction of the engagement from behind, abuts form-lockingly at the part with the recess essentially in the edge direction. To reliably secure together the parts, laser beam welding is used along the common sections of at least one of the retaining element and of the projection.

Abstract: A self-retightening screw-type clamp with predetermined adjusting range for a given clamp size, attained by a predetermined number of apertures provided in the inner band portion of a separate band part in conjunction with a sleeve member of predetermined length interposed between the retightening spring and a part-cylindrical tightening member. The full adjusting range of the screw member is made possible by deforming the threads near its free end. Additionally, to facilitate assembly, the inner band portion of the separate band part is provided with a tongue-like extension which is adapted to engage with a latching device formed in the clamping band so as to hold the tongue-like extension of the inner band portion of the separate clamping band part at least close to the outer surface of the clamping band.

Abstract: A method for in-situ determination by photoreflectance of the Fermi level (V.sub.F) at the surfaces or interfaces of GaAs and related materials, in which a probe beam of monochromatic light and a modulated pump beam from a pump source are directed onto a sample, and the measured barrier height V.sub.m =V.sub.F -V.sub.S is obtained from the information in the reflected light, where V.sub.S represents the surface voltage effects on the sample by the photoreflectance, whereby V.sub.m approaches V.sub.F as V.sub.S approaches zero during repeated tests in which a parameter such as temperature affecting the numerical value of V.sub.S is changed until there is flattening of the curve illlustrating V.sub.m as a function of the parameter.

Abstract: An auxiliary spring structure for use with open clamps in which the auxiliary spring member is contained within a cage formed by the outer band portion whereby the free leg portions of the auxiliary spring member extend through slot-like openings in the cage to engage the latter from the outside so as to resist elastically forces seeking to enlarge the circumferential dimensions of the clamp. In another embodiment, the auxiliary spring structure is formed by one or preferably several interengaged leaf springs which are connected between the end area of the outer band portion and the clamping band near the beginning of the inner band portion. Any gaps resulting in the auxiliary spring structure are thereby covered by the full band width of the inner band portion. The auxiliary spring structure of this invention can be used with one-ear clamps, earless clamps and screw-type clamps.

Abstract: A hose connection for high pressure installations and a method for making the same in which a nipple provided with externally projecting beads or ribs of annular configuration is initially internally expanded to substantially the inner diameter of the hose by an expanding tool while the hose is constrained against radially outward movement by a cylindrical sleeve-like member having a smooth internal surface. The sleeve-like member secured to the nipple is subjected to at least one subsequently realized inwardly extending deformation which may be made by a crimping tool; in case of annular rolled-in grooves, the latter is preferably so arranged that the deepest point of the annular grooves are located between peaks of adjacent beads or ribs.