Abstract: A color developer for pressure-sensitive copying paper is prepared by mixing a polyvalent metal salt of a para-substituted difunctional phenol-aldehyde condensate and a tri- or higher-functional phenol-aldehyde condensate and/or a polyvalent metal modified tri- or higher-functional phenol-aldehyde condensate.

Abstract: The proportion of chlorine dioxide to chlorine in aqueous solutions formed from gaseous mixtures of chlorine dioxide and chlorine is improved over conventional separation techniques. The gaseous product stream from a chlorine dioxide generator is scrubbed with an aqueous salt mixture containing an approximately stoichiometric quantity of sodium hydroxide, which reacts preferentially with the chlorine, yielding chlorine dioxide of high purity. The absorption system is operated under such conditions that the chlorine is converted to sodium chlorate and sodium chloride, which may then be recirculated to the chlorine dioxide generating system. The scrubbing salt solution is adjusted so as to produce an R-2 mixture upon reaction with the chlorine in the chlorine/chlorine dioxide stream.

Abstract: A color developer for pressure-sensitive copying papers is prepared by mixing a para-substituted difunctional phenol-aldehyde condensate and tri- or higher-functional phenol-aldehyde condensate. The tri- or higher-functional phenol-aldehyde condensate can be modified by a polyvalent metal.

Abstract: Thermoplastic elastomers having fire retardancy and improved properties are provided by incorporating therein, Diels-Alder diadducts of polyhalogenated cyclopentadienes and a substituted or non-substituted furan.

Abstract: A process for disposing of sewage sludge resulting from municipal type sewage plants, including the production of dry solid fuel which is used in the flash drying and in the deodorizing system. Supplemental fuels are not required. The system is capable of producing a sludge derived fuel (SDF).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel organic compound, 1-phenyl-3-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-2-propanol. This compound may be produced by:a. condensing 3-trifluoromethylbenzaldehyde with acetophenone under basic conditions to form a substituted chalcone,b. epoxidation of the substituted chalcone to produce the corresponding epoxide,c. converting the epoxide to a chlorohydrin, andd. catalytic hydrogenolysis of the chlorohydrin to produce a diol and subsequently converting the diol into the corresponding alcohol, 1-phenyl-3-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-2-propanol.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of benzoyl halide and meta-halosulfonyl benzoyl halide comprises adding to sulfuric acid and reacting therewith a benzotrihalide compound characterized by the formula: ##STR1## wherein X is bromine or chlorine and Y is individually selected from the group consisting of fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, alkyl, preferably of one to six carbon atoms, halosubstituted alkyl, preferably trichloromethyl or tribromomethyl, aryl, preferably phenyl, and hydrogen, with the proviso that at least one Y substituent at a meta position is hydrogen.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel organic compound, 1-phenyl-3-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-1,2-propane diol. This compound may be produced by:(a). condensing 3-trifluoromethylbenzaldehyde with acetophenone under basic conditions to form a substituted chalcone,(b). epoxidation of the substituted chalcone to produce the corresponding epoxide,(c). converting the epoxide to a chlorohydrin, and(d). catalytic hydrogenolysis of the chlorohydrin to produce a diol, 1-phenyl-3-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-1,2-propan-diol.

Abstract: A method and a useful catalyst composition for the production of aromatic nitriles for the corresponding nuclearly halogenated aromatic compounds which contain from 1 to 4 halogen atoms substituted selected from chlorine, bromine and iodine are described.The method involves the steps of heating the halogenated aromatic compound to a temperature of at least 100.degree. C. for a period of at least 2 hours in the presence of potassium cyanide and a catalyst composition comprised of:(a) a ether component selected from the group consisting of 18-crown-6 ether, polyethers, alkyoxypolyethers and mixtures thereof having a molecular weight between about 200 and about 25,000, and(b) a palladium salt complex comprised of:(1) a palladium salt selected from palladium iodide, chloride, bromide and mixtures thereof, and(2) an organophosphine selected from the group consisting of alkyarylphosphines and triarylphosphines containing from about 8 to about 80 carbon atoms.

Abstract: This invention relates to polymer blends having improved hydrolytic stability, moldability and flame retardancy which comprises, in admixture, (1) a linear aromatic polyester prepared from an aromatic dicarboxylic acid and a bisphenol, and (2) polyphenylene sulfide. Desirably these compositions contain as flame retardant a Diels Alder adduct of a halocyclopentadiene and a mono- or di- unsaturated organic component.

Abstract: Phenolic novolak resins are described which are structurally characterized as having from about 55% to about 90% of the available theoretical paraphenyl linkages in the resin chain bridged to a phenyl group. The resin compositions of this invention provide extended resin stability at relatively low temperatures without significant adverse affect on the cure speed at the molding temperature. The resins are especially suited for use in runnerless injection or cold manifold molding processes, but can also be used in transfer, compression and injection molding processes.

Abstract: Electrode elements are provided for monopolar electrolysis cells useful in chlor-alkali electrolysis and having two vertical, planar, opposed electrode surfaces, said surfaces being substantially parallel and spaced apart from one another and being electrically fastened to an electrode frame, said electrode element being characterized in that at least one electrode rod is connected in electrically conductive fashion to the side portion of said electrode frame, extending through the space between said opposed electrode surfaces substantially parallel to said electrode surfaces, the diameter of said rod being smaller than the distance between said opposed electrode surfaces, said electrode rod being provided with conductive members distributed over the length thereof and connected in electrically conductive fashion to both the electrode surfaces and the electrode rod.

Abstract: An improved electrolytic cell of the filter press type in which the electrode gap may initially be set and accurately maintained during assembly of the cell units is described. The cell units consist of a planar anode mounted in a peripheral anode frame, a planar cathode mounted in a peripheral cathode frame, a barrier, such as a diaphragm or membrane, positioned between the anode and cathode, a spacer member and at least one gasket member positioned between the edges of the anode and cathode frames. The total gasket width in an uncompressed state is greater than the thickness of the spacer member. Upon assembly of the unit, the gasket member is compressed forming a gas and liquid seal. The thickness of the spacer member determines the space between the anode and cathode frame members and, consequently, the space or gap between the anodes and cathodes mounted in the frame members.

Abstract: An improved process is provided for the production of chlorine dioxide and chlorine wherein a chlorine dioxide generator may be operated interchangeably in either sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid mode without changing acidity levels or evacuating the liquor of one mode and refilling with liquor of the second mode before continuing generation. The versatile process for production of chlorine dioxide comprises maintaining saturated solutions of both alkali metal chloride and alkali metal sulfate in the generator at an acid normality of from about 2 to about 11 in the presence of a small amount of catalyst selected from the group consisting of vanadium pentoxide, silver ions, manganese ions, dichromate ions and arsenic ions. Thus, the instant process provides high yields of chlorine dioxide even at high acidities making it possible to manufacture balanced quantities of saltcake and alkali metal chloride by-products as may be required.

Abstract: Polyvinyl halide or polyvinyl graft copolymers intimately mixed with a polyester derived mainly from an halogenated bicycloheptene carboxylic acid or anhydride such as chlorendic acid or anhydride and an alkylene glycol or alkylene oxide such as ethylene oxide are provided. The graft copolymers of the invention are obtained by polymerizing a vinyl halide in bulk in contact with an olefin polymer. The graft copolymer compositions of the invention have good clarity and provide improved processing characteristics and increased impact strength without reduction in heat distortion resulting from the addition of the polyester. The improved impact strength polyvinyl halide compositions of the invention can include blends of the polyester of the invention with modifying compounds, such as alkyl methacrylate-butadiene/styrene graft polymer impact modifiers and halogenated polyvinyl chloride. Blends of vinyl halide polymers with the polyesters of the invention provide compositions having improved processability.

Abstract: The present invention relates to composite friction assemblies and to methods of making the assemblies. The assemblies include at least one friction member and a support member. The friction member is formed from a mixture of thermosettable phenol-aldehyde resin and filler material under conditions less than those which would thermoset the resin component. The preformed friction member is joined to the support member by molding a mixture of phenol-aldehyde resin and filler material in a mold cavity which utilizes a face of the preformed friction member as a portion thereof. The molding conditions are such that the resin component of the members are commonly cured, or thermoset, to produce a composite friction assembly.

Abstract: Electrically conductive articles which comprise a non-conductive matrix containing an electrically conductive dispersion of finely divided ferroalloy, silicon alloy, or mixtures thereof, are described. Compositions for making the articles utilizing various non-conductive materials, e.g., plastics, ceramics, and glass, are also described.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrolyte feed system for feeding an individual supply of electrolyte to electrolytic cells in a filter press cell circuit. The system includes a primary electrolyte feed line, having one closed end and a plurality of outlets, or orifices, therein spaced along the length of the line. The primary feed line is encased in a larger, secondary feed line. The secondary feed line has a plurality of outlets, or orifices, therein spaced along its length corresponding to the outlets in the primary feed line. In a preferred embodiment, the feed lines are circular in cross-section and are in the form of pipes or tubes. The outlets in the primary and secondary feed lines are spacedly aligned, and the outlets in the secondary feed line are communicatively connected with the electrolyte inlets in the cell compartments of the individual cells in the cell circuit.

Abstract: A lubricant-containing binder for the dry hot coat foundry method comprising a solid resol type phenolic resin and a lubricant in an amount of about 0.5 to 10 percent by weight with respect to said phenolic resin.

Abstract: Unsaturated polyester resins having improved fire retardant properties comprise a halogen-containing unsaturated polyester of a polycarboxylic compound and a polyhydric alcohol together with an additive mixture comprising iron or a compound of iron, copper or a compound of copper, and a compound of molybdenum. The unsaturated polyester resin may be copolymerized with an unsaturated monomer to prepare castings, laminated products, reinforced articles and the like having low burning rates, low smoke generations, and beneficial char formation in the presence of a flame.