Abstract: In an off-axis levelling procedure a height map of the substrate is generated at a measurement station. The height map is referenced to a physical reference surface of the substrate table. The physical reference surface may be a surface in which is inset a transmission image sensor. At the exposure station the height of the physical reference surface is measured and related to the focal plane of the projection lens. The height map can then be used to determine the optimum height and/or tilt of substrate table to position the exposure area on the substrate in best focus during exposure. The same principles can be applied to (reflective) masks.

Abstract: A device and a method of use for treating a medical disorder by surgically implanting into a patient at least one sensor element capable of detecting and conveying cell signals: attaching a management unit such that a micro controller of the management unit is connected to at least one sensor element; and connecting the management unit via a lead bundle to at least one treatment device. The treatment device may be an electrical stimulation device, a magnetic stimulation device, a heat transfer device, or a medication delivery device. Responsive to signals from the one or more sensor elements, mathematical algorithms of the management unit use wavelet crosscorrelation analysis to prompt delivery of at least one treatment modality, such heat transfer, current pulses, magnetic stimulation or medication. The medical disorder may arise from the brain, central nervous system or organs and tissues outside of the central nervous system.

Abstract: A first illumination section radiates light at a certain degree of illuminance toward the face of a human recognition object from an upper right part or an upper left part of a camera, and a second illumination section radiates light at a certain degree of illuminance toward the face of the human recognition object from a lower part of a camera. The camera photographs and inputs a facial image of the human recognition object. The image processing section extracts a feature value of the face of the human recognition object from a facial image inputted by the camera and collates the feature value extracted with a standard feature value registered in advance so as to recognize a facial image of the human recognition object.

Abstract: An actuator is constructed so that the rotor is rotated within the range of a preset angle in a direction corresponding to the direction of current supply to the stator coil. The rotor includes a column-shaped permanent magnet having surfaces perpendicular to a center line of rotation and a surface surrounding the center line of rotation and a frame body configured integrally with the permanent magnet. The frame body covers two center portions of rotation of the permanent magnet and the surface surrounding the center line of rotation of the permanent magnet so that a plurality of exposed surfaces are provided. Each of areas in which these center portions of rotation are covered is provided with a journal supported by the bearing of the stator, and a portion extending in the radial direction from one of the center portions of rotation is provided with the output pin to be parallel to the center line of rotation.

Abstract: A method and system for rendering accurate bar code images in a distributed network wherein a plurality of different types of rendering devices, such as printers, having different resolution characteristics are connected for rendering such images. The resolution of a connected rendering device is detected and the bar code image to be rendered by such device is scaled to effect proper alignment of the resolution units of the bar code and the rendering device whereby the need for interpolation is effectively obviated. The bar code is scaled by a whole integer multiplier of the minimum bar code size based upon at least one dimension of the print area of the bar code display and the resolution characteristic of the rendering device. The bar code image is aligned or mapped and is centered in the display area with equal units of the excess print area on either side of the image.

Abstract: A friendship band with exchangeable closed loop members is disclosed. The friendship band may be configured to be worn as a wrist bracelet, ankle bracelet, and a necklace. The friendship wrist bracelet includes a wristband formed of stretchable material and having releasable closure means members for opening and closing the wristband. A plurality of closed loop members are slidably removable from the wristband for exchanging with the closed loop members of other ones of the wristbands. Each of the plurality of closed loop members having first indicia thereon for exchanging with the closed loop members of other ones of the wristbands having second, third and fourth indicia thereon.

Abstract: A sheet collection apparatus has a stacking portion to stack mails in the standing position, a back-up plate in contact with one end of stacked mails in the stacked direction, and take-in rollers arranged at the positions contacting the other end of stacked mails. The take-in rollers are rotated at a slower peripheral speed than the conveying speed of mails taken in the stacking portion.

Abstract: A portable information apparatus is disclosed which includes detecting section detecting an attached/detached state of the portable information apparatus to a housing portion, deciding section deciding a method of notifying a user of due items, based on an attached/detached state detected by the detecting section, and notifying section notifying the user of the due items according to a notification method decided by the deciding section.

Abstract: A wavelength division multiplex optical star coupler comprises an input port which inputs a first optical signal, a first optical coupler which divides the first optical signal input from the input port into a plurality of first optical signals, a plurality of input/output ports, each of which outputs one of the plurality of first optical signals divided by the first optical coupler and inputs a second optical signal, an output port which outputs the second optical signal, and a second optical coupler, provided between the input port and the first optical coupler or between the first optical coupler and the input/output ports, which provides the first optical signal to the input/output ports and the second optical signal to the output port.

Abstract: A method for loading data on chip cards (2) wherein data from a service center (6) are transmitted over a mobile network (4) to a SIM card (1), which is inserted in a mobile device (3) and connected thereto via an interface with contacts, and are stored there, and wherein such stored data are transmitted contactlessly from the SIM card (1) to a chip card with contacts (2). The mobile device (3) may, for example, be a mobile radio telephone and the mobile network (4) a GSM or UMTS network. The transmissions are preferably secured and authenticated.

Abstract: An EUV lithographic apparatus contains an optical element, the surface of the optical element being modified to reduce the effects of reflectivity reduction by molecular contamination. The surface is modified such that it includes a self assembled monolayer.

Abstract: A radioactive seed which discloses the orientation and the location of the seed when the seed is exposed to X-ray photography is provided. The seed contains multiple X-ray detectable markers which will disclose the orientation and the location of the seed when the seed is exposed to X-ray photography. The seed can also have a single marker which wraps around the external surface of the seed or wraps around a carrier body within the seed. The single marker will also disclose the orientation as well as the location of the seed.

Abstract: A DMD (4) as a image display device time divisionally displays channel images formed by separating an image into RGB channels. A white light emitted from a xenon lamp (1) is separated, by an acousto-optical element (3), into spectal components. Those spectal components are projected onto the DMD (4). A refractive index of the acousto-optical element (3) varies with a frequency of an ultrasonic wave applied thereto. Therefore, a color of the spectral component applied to the DMD (4) may be changed by varying the refractive index of the acousto-optical element. RGB monochromatic lights may be irradiated on the DMD (4) by setting the frequencies FR, FG, FB of the ultrasonic wave at appropriate values.

Abstract: A deflection yoke on a yoke mounting portion with a truncated pyramid shape has a pair of saddle-type horizontal deflecting coils that is located symmetrically with a central axis and has a truncated pyramid shape. A core with a truncated cone shape is coaxially located on the outer periphery of the horizontal deflecting coils. A pair of vertical deflecting coils are toroidally wound around the core. If the positions of a horizontal axis and a vertical axis are given by 0° and 90°, respectively, in the circumference direction around the central axis, the winding of one vertical deflecting coil has a starting point on the horizontal-axis side within the range of 5°-30° and is distributed from the starting point to 90° and wound symmetrically with the vertical axis. The windings of the vertical deflecting coils are wound symmetrically with the horizontal axis.

Abstract: A method of using radiolabelled and/or radiopharmaceutical small molecule inhibitors of beta-amyloid peptide production for the diagnosis of neurological and other disorders involving APP processing and beta-amyloid production. Radiolabelled small molecule inhibitors identified by the methods of the present invention would be useful in the diagnosis of neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, which involve elevated levels of A? peptides.

Abstract: Provided is an organic EL display including a substrate, anodes arranged on one major surface of the substrate, an insulating separator layer covering the major surface of the substrate and having through-holes in the positions of the anodes, organic emitting layers disposed on the anodes, buffer layers disposed between the anodes and the organic emitting layers, and a cathode covering the organic emitting layers, wherein a central portion of each of the buffer layers is thicker than its periphery.

Abstract: A flexible and self-adhesive repositionable dry erasable markerboard is disclosed, together with a method for making such repositionable dry erasable markerboard. The repositionable dry erasable markerboard is made of a second layer, comprising a paper layer, with a first layer, comprising a dry erasable layer applied to the upper surface of the second layer, and a third layer, comprising a pressure sensitive adhesive layer, applied to the lower surface of the second layer. The dry erasable first layer may be either a coating cured under the presence of a nitrogen blanket or a film. The pressure sensitive adhesive of the third layer may be applied to the entire surface of the second layer or selectively zone-coated. The pressure sensitive adhesive of the third layer may be covered with a fourth layer, comprising a removable liner. The paper second layer may be coated and/or printed. The repositionable dry erasable markerboard is flexible and may be rolled into a tube.

Abstract: A device manufacturing method according to one embodiment of the invention includes positioning a reflective patterning structure to reflect at least a portion of a beam of radiation as a patterned beam of radiation having a pattern in its cross-section. The method also includes using a projection system to project the patterned beam of radiation to form an image on a target portion of a layer of radiation-sensitive material. Positioning includes at least one among shifting and tilting a nominal reflective surface of the reflective patterning structure with respect to a nominal object plane of the projection system according to a distortion value.