Abstract: The present invention is related to a method of manufacturing a paper product containing anionic laminating, coating or sizing agents, said paper product being free from carry-over speck defects in recycle use. The method is characterized in that a cationic compound is added to the paper web after the formation of the web.

Abstract: The present invention is used in fuel handling for lifting of fuel assemblies and/or control rods out of/into a reactor vessel in a nuclear reactor. The reactor vessel comprises a reactor core with a plurality of fuel assemblies and control rods. A fuel pool is arranged adjacent the reactor vessel. A cassette comprising a plurality of storage positions for fuel assemblies and/or control rods is arranged near the reactor core, whereupon fuel assemblies and/or control rods are lifted out of the reactor core and arranged in the cassette. The cassette is then transported to the fuel pool for temporary storage.

Abstract: A magnetic recording and reproducing apparatus with a positioning mechanism for a tape guide drum is provided. The positioning mechanism includes first and second actuators which changes the position of the tape guide drum relative to a direction of travel of a magnetic tape during reproduction for orienting rotary magnetic heads to follow tracks formed on the magnetic tape perfectly if the tracks are curved undesirably. The first actuator is designed to turn the tape guide drum to orient a portion of a rotation plane of the rotary magnetic heads at a tape-entering position where the magnetic tape enters the tape guide drum in a first direction and a portion of the rotation plane at a tape-leaving position where the magnetic tape leaves the tape guide drum in a second direction opposite the first direction. The second actuator is designed to turn the rotation plane of the rotary magnetic head at the tape-entering position and the tape-leaving position in the same direction.

Abstract: Centrifugal filtration capable of improving recovery of crystal in a baskey. The basket is so arranged that a central axis thereof is inclined with respect to a horizontal direction to obliqely downwardly orientate a bottom wall of the basket. A crystal recovery auction pipe is arranged which includes a pivotally movable section pivotally moved in the basket, of which a distal end is advanced into crystal in the basket. Crystal in the basket is recovered by suction through the distal end of the suction pipe, which is ultimately displaced to a corner of the basket between a lowermost portion of a peripheral wall of the basket and a bottom wall thereof. This permits crystal collected to a lowermost section of the basket to be substantially recovered by suction through the suction pipe, to thereby improve crystal recovery.

Abstract: A climbing device comprising a safety step having a bent section a pair of aligned straight sections on either side of the bent section.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining the thickness of at least one layer superimposed on a substrate, at least one of the layers or the substrate being a conductor of electricity. The method includes the steps of generating an electromagnetic alternating field in the vicinity of the outer most layer with a coil in order to cause any currents to be generated in the conductor which act upon the alternating field. The frequency of the alternating field is adjusted to at least two different frequencies and is measured at these frequencies. The thickness of the layers is then determined based on the measurements and the electromagnetic properties of the substrate and the layers.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a device for heat treatment of objects. It comprises a susceptor for receiving an object in the form of a substrate and a gas mixture fed to the substrate for epitaxial growth of a crystal on said substrate by Chemical Vapor Deposition. The susceptor includes an inner wall and an outer, circumferential wall enclosing the inner wall at a distance therefrom. The inner wall defines a chamber for receiving the object. An enclosed space is formed between the inner and outer wall, and is filled with a powder. The powder is made of SiC, a group III nitride or alloys thereof. Also, for heating the susceptor and thereby also the object, a Rf-field radiator is provided surrounding the susceptor.

Abstract: When the surface of a semiconductor device having at least two different films formed on a substrate is flattened by chemical mechanical polishing, the abrasion resistance upon polishing is detected by strain gauges provided close to the surface of the semiconductor device to be polished. In addition, the end of the polishing process is determined on the basis of the amount of change of the detected signals produced from the strain gauges.

Abstract: A slurry containing abrasive particles and exhibiting normal stress effects. The slurry further contains non-polishing particles resulting in reduced polishing rate at recesses, while the abrasive particles maintain high polish rates at elevations. This leads to improved planarization.

Abstract: A fluid treating device with at least one chamber, a plurality of ultrasonic transducers for imparting ultrasonic waves through fluid when present in the at least one chamber; a screen located in the at least one chamber wherein the screen is coated with a dielectric material. The coated screen diffuses the ultrasonic waves and enhances uniform treatment. The fluid treating device is useful for treatments such as cleaning, degreasing, plating or etching articles such as ceramic substrates.

Abstract: A spacer for retaining and positioning elongated elements at one or a plurality of levels in a nuclear reactor fuel assembly comprises a grid structure of joined-together sleeve cells. A coolant is adapted to flow upwards through the fuel assembly. The majority of the sleeve cells are provided with an upstream edge with a waveform. The edge is waveformed in such a way that the upwardly flowing coolant first encounters a peak of the wave which is disposed between the joints of the sleeves and thereafter a valley of the wave which is disposed at the joints of the sleeves. The peaks are arranged closer to a center of the sleeve cell than the valleys. Between the peaks and valleys, oblique edges are formed.

Abstract: An apparatus for packaging article goods fed in a stack comprises a feeding table for introducing the goods with the individual articles in an upright position in the form of a continuous stack, the table defining a feeding path for the stack, an aftertreatment unit for receiving the goods from the table and a grouping device provided on the table and including a pusher for moving a batch of a predetermined size aside form the rest of the continuous stack to the aftertreatment unit. The grouping device is arranged in a frame movable in a vertical direction to an upper position above the table to leave the table free for manual handling. The apparatus further comprises releasable locking members for securing the movable frame in the upper position.

Abstract: A radar including a plurality of antenna arrays (B, . . . , J), for example linear arrays, the reception of electromagnetic waves being coherent for each antenna element in each array. The extraction of target signals from sidelobe signals according to the invention is obtained by comparing the signals received by the various arrays. A statistical processing allows to eliminate the responses corresponding to the array sidelobes. The invention is mainly applicable to radars including a plurality of linear lacunary antenna arrays with an isotropic disposition in space.

Abstract: A semiconductor fabrication process for forming a shield-plate electrode or a gate electrode in a trench to have the same conductivity type with each of adjacent p- and n-well regions includes steps for forming a trench in a semiconductor substrate by using a silicon nitride mask, forming an oxide film on the bottom of the trench, and filling a polysilicon film on the oxide film. In a selected region, outside the trench, an impurity of a desired conductivity type is doped by ion implantation to a predetermined depth of the semiconductor substrate. An impurity of the same conductivity type is further doped into the polysilicon film by shallowing the implantation level. In the adjacent region, an impurity of the opposite conductivity type is also doped into the polysilicon film and the semiconductor substrate outside the trench at different implantation levels.

Abstract: A printer simplifying a sheet feed mechanism, allowing feeding amount of a sheet to be constant regardless of thickness of the sheet, and facilitating installation of an ink ribbon cassette. The printer comprises a printing mechanism, a sheet feed mechanism, and a driving mechanism of the sheet feed mechanism which are respectively mounted on a chassis, wherein the printing mechanism and a driven roller of the sheet feed mechanism are mounted on a fixed frame fixed to the chassis, and driving rollers of the sheet feed mechanism and the driving mechanism of the sheet feed mechanism are supported on a swing frame swingably fixed to the chassis relative to the fixed frame. There is formed a space portion on the fixed frame for facilitating installation and removal of an ink ribbon cassette.

Abstract: In a microwave powered electrodeless lamp, a single rotary motor is used to a) rotate the bulb and b) provide rotary motion to a blower or pump means for providing cooling fluid to the magnetron and/or to a forced gas cooling for providing cooler gas to the bulb. The blower may consist of only of an impeller without the usual blower housing. The motor, bulb stem and bulb, or motor, bulb stem, bulb and blower may be formed as an integral unit so as to facilitate replacement.

Abstract: The spectral energy characteristic of a discharge lamp is controlled by changing the density of the fill substance. The spectral characteristic can be shifted while substantially maintaining its shape by changing the density of the fill. A sulfur or selenium containing discharge lamp which is operated at a pressure of at least about 1 atmosphere contains a low ionization potential substance in the fill. Characteristics which are improved are one or more of spatial color uniformity, extinguishing characteristics, and bulb starting reliability. Particular substances which are added to the fill are alkali metal containing substances, III B metal containing substances, and alkaline earth metal containing substances. When light is reflected back into the bulb, the light which is re-emitted is stronger in the higher wavelengths.

Abstract: A drive device for a weaving machine has a motor control unit connected to an asynchronous motor. An electric supply network supplies the motor control unit with electric power which the motor control unit converts to have a substantially higher frequency. This higher frequency power is then supplied to the asynchronous motor causing the motor to operate at a high r.p.m. A speed reducing unit is connected between the motor and a drive shaft of the weaving machine. The speed reducing unit reduces the r.p.m. of the motor and the motor drives the weaving machine via the drive shaft at the r.p.m. of the weaving machine.

Abstract: An apparatus and method using non-destructive testing and evaluation analyzes pipes to accurately measure the depth of corrosion and/or erosion in the pipe. Two penetrameter shims are attached to the outside surface of the pipe near the area of corrosion. Then, a radiograph of the pipe in the area of corrosion is generated using an X-ray source and an X-ray sensitive film. The radiograph is subsequently digitized, and the digital information is entered into a computer. A computer operator (user) is then asked to input several parameters concerning the diameter of the pipe, the thickness of the shims, etc., using, for example, a keyboard and to select the areas of interest using, for example, a computer mouse. All the while the computer operator is navigated through several user-friendly screens in a window environment driven by a Graphical User Interface.