Abstract: The instant invention is directed to a process for the preparation of dihydroxypolyurethanes containing carboxyl groups and chemically fixed ionic groups, comprising reacting(A) dihydroxypolyesters having molecular weights of from 600 to 8,000;(B) organic diisocyanates;(C) compounds containing carboxyl groups and groups having a higher isocyanate-reactivity than said carboxyl groups; and(D) compounds containing ionic groups and isocyanate-reactive groupswherein the products of said process contain from 0.01 to 1.0%, by weight of carboxyl groups and from 0.1 to 10 milliequivalents of ionic groups per 100 g of polyurethane.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to a process for the production of non-disintegrating suspensions of inorganic fillers in polyhydroxyl compounds of the type used for the production of polyurethanes, comprising reacting a suspension of an inorganic filler in a polyhydroxyl compound with from 0.1 to 2%, by weight, of a polyisocyanate, based on the weight of the suspension, at a temperature of from 30.degree. to 200.degree. C. The invention is also directed to the use of the suspension as the polyol component in the production of cellular polyurethane plastics.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to novel polyurethane cationic electrolyte-stable dispersions characterized by lateral or terminal polyalkylene oxide polyether chains containing from 2 to 10%, by weight, of ethylene oxide units, based on the total weight of the polyurethane; a content of ##STR1## groups of from 16 to 100 milliequivalents per 100 g of polyurethane; an average particle size of from 50 to 300 m.mu.; and a solids content of from 10 to 45%.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to novel polyurethanes which have a substantially linear molecular structure and which are dispersible in water, and the method of producing such polyurethanes. The polyurethanes of the present invention are characterized by an ethylene oxide unit content of from 0.5 to 10%, by weight, and by an ionic content of from 0.1 to 15 milliequivalents per 100 grams of polyurethane.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to polyurethanes containing sulfonic acid ester groups wherein arylsulfonic acid alkyl ester groups are attached to aromatic nuclei as chain members and to their method of preparation. The process is characterized by reacting at from 0.degree. to 190.degree. C.(A) aromatic isocyanatosulfonic acids; with(B) oxiranes and/or oxetaneswherein the equivalent ratio of NCO groups to SO.sub.3 H groups is from 0.1:1 to 1.99:1 and the equivalent ratio of epoxide (and/or oxetane) groups to SO.sub.3 H groups is from 0.2:1 to 5:1. The invention is also directed to the product by process.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to a polyol having a molecular weight of 2,000 to 8,000 which is especially suited for use in the production of heat sealable foams, comprising the adduct obtained by sequentially reacting:(a) a polyhydroxyl initiator, with a functionality of 2 to 5 and a weight average molecular weight as determined by gel permeation chromatography of from 62 to 200; with(b) 10 to 90%, by weight, based on the total oxide present in (b)+(c)+(d), a first alkylene oxide; and subsequently reacting the product with(c) 10 to 80%, by weight, based on the total oxide present in (b)+(c)+(d), 4,4,4-trichloro-1,2-epoxybutane and/or epihalohydrin; and subsequently reacting the product with(d) 10 to 60%, by weight, based on the total oxide present in (b)+(c)+(d), a second alkylene oxide.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved process for the production of aliphatic relatively low boiling monoisocyanates from the corresponding carbamic acid chlorides, comprising adding an at least equivalent quantity, based on the hydrogen chloride bound in the carbamic acid chloride, of a relatively high boiling organic monoisocyanate or polyisocyanate whose boiling point is higher than the boiling point of the relatively low boiling monoisocyanate to be produced, to the carbamic acid chloride, optionally dissolved in inert organic solvents and then distilling off the relatively low boiling monoisocyanate by heating and/or applying a vacuum, or by means of an inert gas stream.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to a process for the preparation of modified polyether polyols comprising polymerizing of from 1 to 50 parts by weight of a mixture of 20 to 100% by weight (based on the total quantity of monomers) of acrylonitrile and 0 to 80% by weight of styrene in 50 to 99 parts by weight of the polyether polyol in the presence of a polymerization initiator which yields radicals, wherein said polymerization is carried out in the presence of from 0.1 to 1.5% by weight, based on the total quantity of monomers put into the process, of a compound of the formula:A=CH--X--RwhereinA represents a divalent group ##STR1## R represents a C.sub.1-18 alkyl, C.sub.1-10 cycloalkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted benzyl group,R' represents C.sub.1-8 alkyl group,n represents 0, 1 or 2 andX represents oxygen or sulfur.

Abstract: The invention provides a means for making a high functional (.gtoreq.6.5), low viscosity, low hydroxyl number sucrose-based polyether polyol. The process involves the use of a polyalkylene polyamine, such as diethylenetriamine, as both co-initiator and catalyst for the alkoxylation reaction of sucrose. These polyols are particularly suited for the production of rigid polyurethane foams having excellent dimensional stability, particularly at low temperatures.

Abstract: This invention relates to new high molecular weight polyurethanes which contain a very small amount of urethane and urea groups. These new synthetic resins are built up as block copolymers and contain relatively high molecular weight segments which are derived from high melting and low melting polyols and linked together through ester and/or urethane and/or urea groups.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to compounds having an average molecular weight of from 300 to 12,000, containing: at least one hydroxyl group and at least one urethano-aryl-sulfonic acid group and a method for their preparation. The process is characterized as a process for the preparation of compounds having a number average molecular weight of from 300 to 12,000 having at least one hydroxyl group and at least one urethano-aryl-sulfonic acid group, comprising: reacting at from 0.degree. to 190.degree. C.(A) compounds having a molecular weight of from 62 to 10,000 having at least two hydroxyl groups; with(B) aromatic isocyanato sulfonic acids, wherein the equivalent ratio of the total quantity of isocyanate groups (including any isocyanate groups present in dimerized form) to sulfonic acid groups is from 0.5:1 to 50:1 and the equivalent ratio of the sum of hydroxyl groups in (A) to NCO groups is from 1.5:1 to 30:1. The invention is also directed to the product by the process.

Abstract: The instant invention relates to a one-step process for the production of elastomeric moldings which have a compact surface by the technique of reaction injection molding, using highly reactive systems of specific polyisocyanates, polyhydroxyl compounds and specific active aromatic polyamines. The instant invention further relates to active hydrogen containing blends useful in preparing elastomeric moldings, said blends comprising polyhydroxyl compounds, and specific active aromatic diamines. The blends herein may also contain catalyst for the reaction between hydroxyl groups and isocyanate groups.

Abstract: A method for the continuous production of foam blocks or foam sandwich panels involving the application of the liquid foamable reaction mixture to the continuously moving shaping support in a manner which avoids large gas inclusions in the final product produced. The liquid foamable reaction mixture is preliminarily distributed by the use of a particular distributor channel means in a traverse direction to the continuously moving shaping support, permitted to flow in the form of a descending film exposed to the atmosphere to an intermediate storage means and then conveyed to said continuously moving shaping support. The distributor channel means may also be pivoted to control the outflow of the mixture.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to polyhydroxyl compounds containing at least two hydroxyl groups and at least one sulfonic acid ester group and having an average molecular weight of from 300 to 12,000, wherein at least one hydroxyl containing compound contains a urethane aryl sulfonic acid hydroxyalkyl ester group. The invention also relates to a process for producing these compounds and the product by the process.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to novel polyols and the use thereof in producing polyurethane foams. The polyols comprise the adduct obtained by first reacting toluene diamine with from three to five moles of ethylene oxide and thereafter with from 1 to 5.1 moles (per mole of toluene diamine) of a vicinal alkylene oxide of from 3 to 9 carbon atoms, with the proviso that the total number of moles of ethylene oxide plus vicinal alkylene oxide does not exceed 8.1 and is no less than 5. When polyurethane foams are produced using the novel polyols herein, foams of low friability and good dimensional stability result.

Abstract: The instant invention relates to a process for the preparation of stable suspensions of inorganic fillers in polyhydroxyl compounds, which are suitable for the preparation of polyurethanes, to the suspensions obtainable by this process and to their use for the preparation of polyurethanes. The suspensions are produced by grafting an olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acid (and optionally other olefinically unsaturated monomers) onto polyols. The presence of from 0.005 to 15% by weight of carboxyl groups in the polyol allows for the production of stable dispersion of inorganic fillers in polyols.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the preparation of a finely divided, stable and relatively low viscosity dispersion of a polyisocyanate polyaddition product and an aminoplast and/or phenoplast and/or copolymer thereof in a hydroxyl containing compound and the use of such a dispersion as the starting component for the production of a polyurethane resin.

Abstract: A reaction product of a fatty acid ester and an organic polyisocyanate is included in a foamable reaction mixture containing an organic polyisocyanate to provide a molded product which can be removed from a mold whose surface has not been coated with conventional mold release agents.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for producing a homopolymer or co-polymer of an aromatic vinyl monomer by anionically polymerizing a monomer mixture in the absence of oxygen in a tubular coil evaporator.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to a suspension which is stable in storage comprising:(1) 0.5 to 80%, by weight, based on the total suspension, of an inorganic filler in(2) 20 to 99.5%, by weight, based on the total suspension, of polyhydroxyl compounds containing aliphatic or cycloaliphatic combined hydroxyl groups,wherein said polyhydroxyl compounds (2) contain from 0.05 to 10% by weight based on (1)+(2) of a graft polymer and stabilizer which was produced by the free radical polymerization of(a) from 1 to 35%, by weight, based on the graft polymer, of an olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acid and(b) from 0 to 60%, by weight, based on the graft polymer, of other olefinically unsaturated monomers, in the presence of(c) from 5 to 99%, by weight, based on the graft polymer, of polyhydroxyl compounds,wherein the carboxyl groups of the graft polymer are completely or partially neutralized by organic or inorganic bases.