Abstract: An improved solvent extraction process is described for the preparation of lube oil products, the improvement whereby the extract phase is subjected to a voltage gradient.

Abstract: The invention provides a phosphomolybdate compound that is useful in lubricants, especially lubricating oils, to reduce friction and to decrease fuel consumption in internal combustion engines. The phosphomolybdates are new compounds obtained at or near room temperature.

Abstract: Dihydrocarbyl phosphites are reacted with sulfurized olefins to give products useful as antiwear and antioxidant additives for lubricants. Organic compositions containing a minor amount thereof also possess good lubricating characteristics.

Abstract: Asphalt compositions are provided containing a ductility improving amount of a refinery stream obtained in the form of a bottoms fraction from a thermofor catalytic cracking or fluid catalytic cracking operation.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for the treatment of single particle iron-containing syngas (synthes.s gas) conversion catalysts comprising iron, a crystalline acidic aluminosilicate zeolite having a silica to alumina ratio of at least 12, a pore size greater than about 5 Angstrom units and a constraint index of about 1-12 and a matrix. The catalyst does not contain promoters and the treatment is applicable to either the regeneration of said spent single particle iron-containing catalyst or for the initial activation of fresh catalyst. The treatment involves air oxidation, hydrogen reduction, followed by a second air oxidation and contact of the iron-containing single particle catalyst with syngas prior to its use for the catalytic conversion of said syngas. The single particle iron-containing catalysts are prepared from a water insoluble organic iron compound.

Abstract: An apparatus for gas and liquid chromatograph in which the chromatographic columns are heated by microwaves is provided.

Abstract: Aluminosilicate zeolites are prepared containing an outer aluminum-free shell. The outer shell is essentially SiO.sub.2 that has crystallized on the zeolite surface in the ZSM-5 type configuration, leading to a more selective catalyst.

Abstract: A thermal demetalation and desulfurization process comprising the addition of ammonia and water to heavy crude oils and residuums with minimal coke formation and with decreased viscosity.

Abstract: Benzotriazole when reacted with unsaturated esters such as acrylate ester provides products which when added to lubricating oils improve the resistance of said oils to oxidation.

Abstract: A method of preparing and using a cement slurry having water swellable clays therein as extenders for the cement is described, which method enhances the effectiveness of the water swellable clays by preshearing aqueous suspensions thereof prior to mixing these suspensions with cement to form a pumpable cement slurry. Also described is a particular technique for using bentonite as a cement extender in a cement slurry formed with salt water.

Abstract: Grease compositions containing nitrites and amines form N-nitrosamines, which are suppressed by the addition to such compositions of a combination of metal ascorbate or metal isoascorbate with alpha tocopherol.

Abstract: A novel product made by forming the metal salt reaction product of a sulfurized olefin possesses, among other things, a good copper strip corrosivity. Organic composition containing a minor amount thereof also possess good lubricating characteristics.

Abstract: As synthesized by previous methods, ZSM-5 or ZSM-11 zeolites are crystallized in the presence of substantial amounts of a nitrogen-containing compound. When synthesized in this way, they contain an organic ammonium cation as well as a metal cation such as sodium. To obtain a more active form, the sodium ion must be exchanged out. Such exchange, especially with ZSM-5 and ZSM-11, is difficult unless there is calcination of the zeolite to remove the obstructing organo compounds. By making these zeolites in the presence of (1) seeds of the desired zeolite, (2) mixtures of them with ammonium hydroxide and/or alcohol, (3) the alcohol per se or (4) mixtures of the alcohol with ammonium hydroxide, a product substantially deficient in organic ammonium cation is obtained. These products can be exchanged directly without any calcination.

Abstract: Amorphous (e.g., silica-alumina) and/or crystalline (e.g. aluminosilicate zeolite) cracking catalysts having improved resistance to metal poisoning are provided when colloidal dispersions, such as silica and/or alumina are added thereto.

Abstract: The invention deals with the determination of water content in presence of oils, as, for example, oil- and water-containing emulsions, using zeolites and the temperature rise caused upon adsorption of water as the basis.

Abstract: Nickel thiobis(alkylphenolates), e.g., nickel 2,2'-thiobis-(4-t-octylphenolate), complexed with hydroxy materials such as alcohols and phenols are novel compounds which impart antioxidant properties to various organic media such as lubricants, hydrocarbon fuels and plastics when incorporated therein. Synergistic or improved antioxidant compositions are provided when the hydroxy complexes are admixed with known antioxidants such as aryl amines and/or hindered phenols.

Abstract: Polyesters of polysulfideorganocarboxylic acids have improved solubility in lubricant compositions and thereby impart good load-carrying properties to such lubricants when incorporated therein. Oxidized derivatives thereof wherein at least one of the sulfide groups is oxidized to a sulfoxide or a sulfone, also impart good load-carrying characteristics to lubricants containing same.

Abstract: Tertiary alkylphosphorodichloridites, characterized by the formula: ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 may be alkyl having from about 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, aryl having from about 6 to about 8 carbon atoms, or aralkyl having from about 7 to about 10 carbon atoms, however, at least one of R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 must be alkyl, as new compounds, and synthesis thereof by reacting, at temperatures of 0.degree. C. or less, a tertiary alcohol, a tertiary amine scavenger, and phosphorus trichloride, the PCl.sub.3 being employed in amounts in excess of the stoichiometric amount needed to react with the alcohol are provided. Both chlorides of the tertiary alkylphosphorodichloridites so produced may be replaced by RX.sup.- groups from alcohols (ROH), thiols (RSH), or amines (RR.sup.6 NH) in order that tri-substituted phosphite compounds of the formula: ##STR2## are produced. Disubstituted phosphorus acids of the formula: ##STR3## may be produced by heating the trisubstituted phosphite compounds.

Abstract: Certain new adducts of benzotriazole and dialkylamines, the alkyl groups of which contain from 4 to 20 carbon atoms, are provided. Lubricant compositions having excellent anticorrosion characteristics are also provided when minor amounts of such adducts are added thereto.

Abstract: Heavy petroliferous stocks such as vacuum and atmospheric resids, tar sand oils, shale oils, liquids from conversion of coal and the like are concurrently distilled and hydroprocessed for removal of sulfur, nitrogen and metals and are hydrocracked or otherwise hydroprocessed in a packed distillation column under hydrogen pressure wherein the packing is constituted, at least to a substantial extent in both stripping and rectifying sections by catalyst suited to the desired conversions.