Abstract: An optical element (22) comprises a material (27) thermally switchable between a first stable state and a second stable state different from the first state and a switching mechanism (28a-28c) for switching one or more selected areas of the material (27) between the first state and the second state thereby to change the transmissivity of one or more selected areas of the optical element (22). The optical element may be placed in an optical path through another component such as, for example, a display (21), reflector or backlight, such that the optical element may be controlled to change the optical properties of the component. The properties that may be changed include, but are not limited to, the display mode of a display (21), viewing angle range, brightness/luminance, and color.

Abstract: A light emitting assembly comprises a light source and a light emitting panel member having a panel surface and an input edge for receiving light from the light source. On or in the panel surface is a pattern of individual light extracting deformities. Each of the deformities has a well defined shape and a length and width substantially smaller than the length and width of the panel surface. At least some of the deformities have only two surfaces, each having opposite peripheral edge portions that intersect each other and intersect the panel surface. One of the surfaces of the deformities is substantially perpendicular to the panel surface and is curved in a transverse direction. The other surface of the deformities is a sloping surface.

Abstract: A light emitting module with improved optical functionality and reduced thermal resistance is described, which comprises a light emitting device (LED), a wavelength converting (WC) element and an inorganic optically-transmissive thermally-conductive (OTTC) element. The WC element is capable of absorbing light generated from the LED at a specific wavelength and re-emitting light having a different wavelength. The re-emitted light and any unabsorbed light exits through at least one surface of the module. The OTTC is in physical contact with the WC element and at least partially located in the optical path of the light. The OTTC comprises one or more layers of inorganic material having a thermal conductivity greater than that of the WC element. As such, a compact unitary integrated module is provided with excellent thermal characteristics, which may be further enhanced when the OTTC provides a thermal barrier for vertical heat propagation through the module but not lateral propagation.

Abstract: A light emitting module comprises a light emitting device (LED) mounted on a high thermal dissipation sub-mount, which performs the traditionally function of heat spread and the first part of the heat sinking. The sub-mount is a grown metal that is formed by an electroplating, electroforming, electrodeposition or electroless plating process, thereby minimizing thermal resistance at this stage. An electrically insulating and thermally conducting layer is at least partially disposed across the interface between the grown semiconductor layers of the light emitting device and the formed metal layers of the sub-mount to further improve the electrical isolation of the light emitting device from the grown sub-mount. The top surface of the LED is protected from electroplating or electroforming by a wax or polymer or other removable material on a temporary substrate, mold or mandrel, which can be removed after plating, thereby releasing the LED module for subsequent processing.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system and method for building and analyzing a quantitative model from qualitative tacit knowledge. In one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a system for creating and analyzing a model of a user's semantic knowledge. The semantic knowledge model is based on cause and effect relationships as defined by the user. In another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a system for creating and analyzing a model of a user's episodic knowledge. The episodic knowledge model is based on the user's past experiences, including recalled stimuli and responses. The semantic and episodic models are used to describe the users internal mental model.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new worn article, which gives a close fit and with which it is possible to reduce the production cost. A worn article of the present invention includes a main body portion 20 including an absorbent core 25 and covering a front torso area, a crotch area and a rear torso area of a wearer, and a pair of side panels PL and PR attached to the main body portion 20 and located between the front and rear torso areas when the worn article is worn. Each of the side panels PL and PR is stretchable in an around-the-torso direction X. At least a portion of the side panel PL and PR includes an elastic thread G sandwiched between at least two sheet-like materials S1 and S2 and is in a contracted state where the elastic thread is contracted, thus forming gathers.

Abstract: A biasing arrangement for an electronic apparatus having an input device connected by wires is disclosed. The biasing arrangement comprises a bias signal generator arranged to provide a bias voltage and a reference voltage; a flying capacitor circuitry having a first set of switches connected to said bias signal generator to selectively connecting and disconnecting the bias voltage and reference voltage, respectively, over a capacitor of the flying capacitor circuitry, and the flying capacitor circuitry further having a second set of switches to selectively connecting and disconnecting the voltage over the capacitor to an output of the flying capacitor circuitry, wherein the first and second sets of switches are not both in a connecting state at any time; and a wired connection between output of the flying capacitor circuitry and the input device of the apparatus. An electronic apparatus, a biasing method, and a computer program are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of controlling an electronic device is disclosed. The electronic device is provided with functionality for composing and sending messages in accordance with at least one text-based messaging service. In response to execution on the electronic device of a message-composition process for composing a message to be sent to a recipient of the message via said text-based messaging service, a language configuration of the electronic device is set in conformance with language data associated with the recipient. Said language data indicates a language to be used for composing the message. A corresponding electronic device, computer program product, and computer-readable medium are also disclosed.

Abstract: A container includes a housing and a cover which may be wholly or partially removed to open the container. A foil seal is used to seal the joint between the housing and the cover. The foil seal is internal to the container. The foil seal separates during opening of the cover, respective parts of the foil seal remaining with the housing and the cover. The foil seal may be a metal or metal-containing foil, for example being an aluminum, steel, or titanium foil, or a metalized plastic foil. A cutter, such as a serrated edge, may be positioned to facilitate cutting of the foil seal during cover opening. The container may be part of a seeker assembly with the housing being a seeker housing, and the cover being a removable or hinged cover that protects an optical seeker during some portions of flight, such as during launch of a spacecraft.

Abstract: In a system having an interface which utilizes an electroencephalogram, device operations which are not intended by the user are reduced. An adjustment apparatus for an electroencephalogram distinction method is used for an electroencephalogram interface system. The system has a biological signal measurement section for acquiring an electroencephalogram signal from a user, and an electroencephalogram interface section for presenting via an output section a plurality of menu items of the manipulation menu in a regular order, distinguishing by a previously determined distinction method a component of an event-related potential which is contained in the electroencephalogram signal after each menu item is highlighted, and operating a device based on the distinguished event-related potential.

Abstract: A passive reflective tracking media includes a plurality of multi-layer particles including at least one layer of a high refractive index material and at least one layer of a low refractive index material. The particles are configured to reflect ambient electromagnetic radiation at one or more signature wavelengths. Methods of applying the tracking media to a target object, detecting the tracking media, and fabrication the tracking media are also described.

Abstract: A device for fixing a reference element with respect to a field of surgery includes a first fixing portion operable to provide a mechanical resistance against pulling and/or pushing forces, a second fixing portion provided with a surface structure operable to secure the device against an angular force, and a coupling structure. The coupling structure is operative to mechanically couple the second fixing portion to the first fixing portion, wherein said second fixing portion can be pivoted with respect to the first fixing portion.

Abstract: A spin-stabilized projectile has its course controlled by counter rotation of an internal mass about a longitudinal axis of the projectile. The internal mass may be a boom within a cavity of an external body of the projectile. The internal mass may be tiltable relative to the hull, and may be configured to counter rotate relative to the hull about the axis of the hull. The counter-rotation may keep the boom in a substantially same orientation relative to the (non-spinning) environment outside of the projectile. The positioning of the boom or other weight within the projectile thus may be used to steer the projectile, by providing an angle of attack to the projectile hull. A magnetic system may be used to counter rotate the boom or other weight. The projectile may have a laser guidance system to aid in steering the projectile toward a desired aim point.

Abstract: A nitride-based semiconductor light-emitting device 100 includes: a GaN substrate 10 with an m-plane surface 12; a semiconductor multilayer structure 20 provided on the m-plane surface 12 of the GaN substrate 10; and an electrode 30 provided on the semiconductor multilayer structure 20. The electrode 30 includes an Mg layer 32 and an Ag layer 34 provided on the Mg layer 32. The Mg layer 32 is in contact with a surface of a p-type semiconductor region of the semiconductor multilayer structure 20.

Abstract: An objective lens unit according to the present invention includes a first objective lens 41; and a first lens holder 2 for supporting the first objective lens 41. The first lens holder 2 is formed of a material which transmits ultraviolet. Preferably, the first lens holder 2 includes a through-hole, having first and second openings 2a and 2b, through which light incident on the first objective lens 41 passes, and an opening limiting section 3 provided along a circumferential direction of the through-hole and projecting toward a central axis of the through-hole. The first objective lens 41 is supported so as to block the first opening 2b. The opening limiting section 3 guides light incident thereon from the second opening 2a in a direction away from an optical axis of the first objective lens.

Abstract: An image recording medium that can be repeatedly used by removing the toner image has a three-layered structure formed of a heat-resistant resin sheet and a pair of releasing and light absorptive layers coated on both sides of the heat-resistant resin sheet. The releasing and light absorptive layer generates heat by absorbing laser so as to fuse and fix the toner image formed on the special sheet surface at the time of image forming, and assures pertinent releasing performance at the time of image removal so as to facilitate removal of the re-fused toner image. Each releasing and light absorptive layer may be split into a light absorptive layer and a releasing layer. The heat-resistant resin sheet may be produced by adding an infrared absorbent to a heat-resistant resin sheet to serve as a heat-resistant sheet and a light absorptive layer.

Abstract: Light redirecting film including a thin optically transparent substrate having a pattern of individual optical elements of well-defined shape on at least one surface that are quite small relative to the length and width of the surface. At least some of the optical elements have at least one flat surface and at least one curved surface, and intersecting each other over an intersection volume of the intersecting optical elements.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus that includes a waveguide and one or more pixels deployed adjacent the top surface of the waveguide which contains TIR light therein. Each pixel includes a deformable active layer having a first conductor and a driver electronics layer having a second conductor. The driver electronics layer is deployed in spaced-apart relation to the active layer and opposite the waveguide. In a quiescent state of a pixel, the active layer is in contact or near contact with the top surface of the waveguide so as to optically couple light out via FTIR (i.e., pixel's ON state). To actuate the pixel, the electronics layer is configured to selectively apply an electrical potential difference to the second conductor thereby causing the active layer to move away from the top surface so as to prevent the optical coupling of light out of the waveguide (i.e., pixel's OFF state).

Abstract: Fuel injector assemblies with frictionally damped fuel supply members, including fuel feed strips. More particularly, the invention provides friction dampers and/or assemblies that frictionally damp movement of fuel supply members in at least one direction as a function of frequency. Accordingly, low frequency vibration can be undamped, while vibration above a prescribed frequency can be damped. Some of the embodiments provide a friction damper that is easily serviceable, and can be installed after final assembly of a fuel injector. Aspects of the invention are applicable to other components of fuel injectors and gas turbine engines in addition to fuel supply members.