Abstract: This invention discloses a family of bicyclodecyl ether sulfonates derived from dicyclopentadiene. Specifically synthesized is the compound: ##STR1## These compounds exhibit hydrotropic properties. These compounds are useful in liquid detergent formulations used in household, industrial and institutional products.

Abstract: Dicyclopentadiene sulfonate has been found to possess useful properties in liquid detergent formulations. The composition itself is not surface active, but it is an efficient hydrotrope for surface active agent compositions. It increases phase stability, reduces viscosity and prevent gelling of concentrated surfactant blends.

Abstract: A process for producing acetic anhydride is disclosed which comprises reacting methyl acetate with carbon monoxide at an elevated temperature and pressure in the presence of an iodine-free catalyst system wherein the catalyst consists of ruthenium compound, quaternary phosphonium salt and cobalt-compound. A further embodiment comprises recycling product acetic anhydride with methanol to produce acetic acid.

Abstract: An epoxy resin composition is disclosed. The composition comprises a polyepoxide and a curing amount of a bis(hydrogen maleate) derivative of a polyoxypropylenediamine. This composition when cured produces unexpectedly superior encapsulations which are more flexible and less brittle than those of the prior art.

Abstract: A method for environmentally upgrading waste water containing formates, cyanides and ammonia is disclosed. Formates and cyanides are biodegraded by aerobic bacteria immobilized on the disks of a rotating disk contactor. Ammonia is air stripped.The present method eliminates the steam stripping stage of conventional processes as well as the lime addition and precipitation stages.

Abstract: Petroleum may be recovered from petroleum containing formations having high salinity and/or high temperature by injecting into the formation an aqueous fluid containing an effective amount of a surface active agent characterized by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is an alkyl or dialkyl containing from 4 to 24 carbon atoms; n is an integer of from 2 to 4; m is an integer of from 1 to 50; and M is a cation.

Abstract: Provided are polyurea and lithium complex grease compositions whose anti-fretting properties are improved by the addition of an anti-fretting additive which comprises the reaction product of an alkenyl succinic acid or anhydride having the structural unit represented by the following formula: ##STR1## in which R is an alkenyl of 10 to 35 carbon atoms, and an alkanolamine which is represented by the following formula:H.sub.2 N(CH.sub.2).sub.n OHin which n is an integer from 2 to 6.

Abstract: In an improved urea dewaxing process a urea/alcohol slurry chilled to 60.degree. F. to 65.degree. F. is added to a naphthenic distillate chilled to 60.degree. F. to 65.degree. F. to produce a refrigerator oil with improved low temperature properties.

Abstract: An improved method is disclosed for producing amino polyols useful in preparing polyurethane foams. The improvement concerns charging ammonia, a primary amine or a secondary amine to the reaction vessel at the end of the oxide digestion step. The amine or ammonia scavenges the residual oxide and the resulting alkanol amine becomes one of the components of the polyol mixture. Alkanol amines are beneficial components of urethane polyols.In prior art industrial practice, residual oxide is vented to a scrubber system and then stripped to a low concentration.

Abstract: A series of novel water-dispersible corrosion inhibiting solutions are disclosed which contain a composition which includes the reaction product of an amine mixture and an organic monomer acid mixture. A process for the inhibition of corrosion in aqueous environment is also disclosed. The process is particularly useful for protecting metal surfaces in subterranean petroleum pumping wells.

Abstract: A method is revealed for releasing a stuck drill string in a borehole of an underground formation by application of an additive fluid comprising a lower carbon number alcohol and optionally a weighting material and/or diluent.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for treating wells completed in subterranean formations which contain unconsolidated sand particles, so as to form a permeable barrier which will permit the flow of liquids therethrough while restraining the flow of the unconsolidated sand particles into the well bore. The method comprises saturating sand adjacent the well bore to be treated with petroleum having a high asphaltic content and thereafter contacting the asphaltic petroleum with a solvent capable of solubilizing non-asphaltic fractions of the petroleum and precipitating or causing deposition of the asphaltic or bituminous portions of the petroleum. A heated fluid such as steam is thereafter injected into the formation to cause solidification of the asphaltic materials which effectively binds the sand grains together to form a porous mass which will effectively restrain the movement of said particles in the well bore upon subsequently placing the well on production.

Abstract: A novel group of surface active agents is revealed. These surface active agents are the condensation product of an aldehyde or ketone of from 9 to 20 carbon atoms with a polyoxyalkyleneamine which is an amine terminated block copolymer of oxyethylene and oxypropylene groups.The Schiff bases of the present invention are characterized by the general formula: ##STR1## In this general formula, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 can either be hydrogen or an alkyl radical such that the sum of carbon atoms in the radical R.sub.1 --C--R.sub.2 is from 9 to 20.R.sub.3 is a radical which may be an alkyl of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms.R.sub.3 is in the alternative the radicalH.sub.2 N[CH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2 ]--[OCH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2 ].sub.y --or ##STR2## In these formulae, y has an average value of from 1 to 3 and and x has an average value of from 4 to 60 such that the amount of polyoxyethylene in the Schiff base is greater than or equal to 40 wt. %.

Abstract: A used lubricating oil is reclaimed by vacuum distillation. The bottoms is vacuum pyrolyzed with limestone to form a virtually insoluble coked mass containing insoluble metal carbonates and free metal. This solid coked residuum is suitable for landfilling.

Abstract: A non-yellowing decorative epoxy resin aggregate binder formulation is disclosed. The formulation comprises 100 parts by weight polyepoxide, 25 parts by weight of a specified polyoxypropylene diamine, 26 parts by weight nonylphenol and 4 parts by weight N-aminoethylpiperazine and 1 to 3 parts by weight of a specified substituted benzotriazole UV absorber dissolved in xylene.Nonylphenol gives the formulation strength with flexibility and resistance to weathering with a high gloss appearance. The substituted benzotriazole UV absorber prevents yellowing of the clear coating.The formulation is useful as a clear coating to bind aggregate (colored pebbles) to a cement surface to form a decorative coating. The formulation is distinguished by its clear, non-yellowing appearance.

Abstract: A non-yellowing decorative epoxy resin aggregate binder formulation is disclosed. The formulation comprises 100 parts by weight polyepoxide, 24.8 parts by weight of a specified polyoxypropylene diamine, 26 parts by weight nonylphenol and 4 parts by weight m-xylylenediamine.Nonylphenol gives the formulation strength with flexibility and resistance to weathering with a high gloss appearance. M-xylylenediamine prevents yellowing of the clear coating.The formulation is useful as a clear coating to bind aggregate (colored pebbles or shell) to a cement surface to form a decorative coating. The formulation is distinguished by its clear, non-yellowing appearance.

Abstract: Lithium complex grease compositions which contain a certain weight ratio of calcium acetate are provided which demonstrate a constant viscosity over a wide temperature range.

Abstract: A new composition of matter is revealed, characterized by the general formula: ##STR1## wherein x and y are integers of from 0 to 20 such that the sum of x plus y is an integer of from 8 to 20 and M is an anion of an organic or mineral acid having a valance of z.This composition of matter is useful for the preparation of cationic polymeric surfactants, flocculants and coagulants.

Abstract: This invention concerns an improved process of preparing predominantly linear alcohols which comprises the steps of contacting a mixture of terminal and/or internal olefins and synthesis gas with a catalyst system comprising a ruthenium-containing compound in conjunction with one or more tertiary amine promoters, dispersed in a low melting quaternary phosphonium salt and heating said resultant reaction mixture under a pressure of 100 psi or greater at a temperature of at least 50.degree. C. for a sufficient time to produce said alcohols.

Abstract: A method for transferring heat between two fluids comprises (1) flowing the first fluid in an upright diamond shaped tube, and (2) flowing the second fluid therearound the tube over upper and lower surfaces of the diamond shaped tube formed at an angle to the horizon that is greater than the angle of repose of the second fluid therearound the tube for preventing accumulation of second fluid sediment on top and stagnant gases on the bottom of the tube. A novel heat exchanger tube is also disclosed.