Abstract: A method for producing homopolymers and copolymers from amido-sulfonic acid or salt containing monomers in the presence of high energy mechanical mixing utilizing a final stage polymerization temperature of from about 200.degree. F. to below the degradation temperature of the monomer. The process produces a solid homopolymer or copolymer which can be utilized as fluid loss agents.

Abstract: Excess amounts of a pure form of acrylonitrile are reacted with other reactants in the production of various compounds such as 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid. Accordingly, large amounts of acrylonitrile remain unreacted and present with other contaminants. The present invention is directed toward the purification of such unreacted acrylonitrile and the purified acrylonitrile obtained from such a purification process. The purification is carried out by treating the unreacted acrylonitrile with a base and removing salts formed. The treated material is fed to a heat exchanger which heats the material preferably under vacuum to about 120.degree. F. and provides a heated fluid material. This heated fluid material is pumped to a lower area of a distillation tower which is maintained under vacuum and includes a plurality of distillation trays.

Abstract: A lubricating composition is disclosed. The composition comprises(A) a base fluid; and(B) a sulfur and phosphorus containing viscosity modifying composition selected from the group consisting of a low molecular weight viscosity modifying composition and a non-polymeric viscosity modifying composition. The composition is particularly useful as a performance chemical and rheology control agent in lubricating fluids such as hydraulic fluids, transmission fluids and crankcase fluids.

Abstract: This invention is directed to lubricating and functional fluid compositions having improved antioxidant and extreme pressure properties and high temperature stability. The lubricant and functional fluid compositions comprise a major amount of at least one oil of lubricating viscosity and a minor amount of(A) a sulfur compound characterized by the structural formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each independently H or hydrocarbyl groups;R.sup.1 and/or R.sup.3 may be G.sup.1 or G.sup.2 ;R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 and/or R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 together may be alkylene groups containing about 4 to about 7 carbon atoms;G.sup.1 and G.sup.2 are each independently C(X)R, COOR, C.tbd.N, R.sup.5 --C.dbd.NR.sup.6, CON(R).sub.2 or NO.sub.2, and G.sup.1 also ay be a CH.sub.2 OH group, wherein X is O or S, R.sup.5 and each R are independently H or a hydrocarbyl group, R.sup.6 is H or a hydrocarbyl group;when both G.sup.1 and G.sup.2 are R.sup.5 C.dbd.NR.sup.6, the two R.sup.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition comprising a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity and a minor amount, effective to inhibit the accumulation of black sludge in a gasoline fueled internal combustion engine, of an aliphatic hydrocarbon substituted aromatic hydrocarbon. The aliphatic hydrocarbon substituted aromatic hydrocarbon comprises a compound of the formulaAr--R--(Ar).sub.nwherein each Ar is independently an aromatic nucleus having from 0 to 3 substituents, R is a hydrocarbyl group, and n is an integer ranging from 1 to about 6. In a further embodiment, the aliphatic hydrocarbon substituted aromatic hydrocarbon further comprises from about 1 to about 50 percent by weight of tetrahydronaphthalene or hydrocarbyl substituted tetrahydronaphthalenes.

Abstract: The instant invention relates to the separation and collection of hydrocarbons, including methane, from a gas emanating from an earth formation to determine the hydrocarbon potential of such earth formation. The apparatus includes a sequential network of cryogenic traps, adsorbent traps and furnaces to recover methane in one such cryogenic trap as a condensed carbon dioxide sample, in combination with (i) a valve antecedent to such network and (ii) a vacuum pump subsequent to such network to continuously provide a subatmospheric pressure throughout the network and prevent condensation of oxygen or atmospheric carbon dioxide in the cryogenic traps.

Abstract: Dioxolanes, thio analogs thereof, and derivatives of these and methods of preparation are described. These materials are useful as additives in lubricants and fuels. Methods for reducing fuel consumption in internal combustion engines employing the lubricating compositions are described.

Abstract: An asphalt cement mixture is disclosed. The mixture has improved antistripping properties due to the inclusion therein of a minor amount of an antistripping agent produced by the condensation reaction of an amine, an aldehyde or aldehyde reaction synthon an alkylated phenol. The antistripping agent is preferably present in the asphalt cement in an amount of from about 0.25% to about 1% by weight based on the weight of the asphalt cement. The asphalt cement is combined with an aggregate to form a concrete and paved onto a road surface to provide a paved surface with improved durability.

Abstract: This invention describes phenothiazine derivatives which are N-substituted and which contain an additional sulfur molecule in the N substituent.

Abstract: Oil based compositions are disclosed which are comprised of oil having a multi-functional additive component therein. The additive component is present in sufficient amounts so as to provide improved performance characteristics to the composition such as water tolerance and antiwear characteristics. The additive is a compound represented by the general structural formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R is a hydrocarbyl, preferably iso-stearyl, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 are independently hydrogen or alkyl, preferably hydrogen, n is 1 to 20, preferably 5, and X is a cation, preferably Ca. Overbased and mixed salts of the additive compound are also disclosed. The additive is an effective EP agent, water tolerance fix in a variety of functional fluids and lubricating compositions.

Abstract: The compositions described herein of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal containing composition with or without a hydrocarbon soluble dispersant which are combined with the reaction product of the carboxylic acid and a polyhydroxyalkanolamine. The resultant compositions are resistant to partition or separation when mixed with water.

Abstract: Fuel compositions for internal combustion engines, and more particularly, fuel compositions for use in fuel-injected internal combustion engines are described. The fuel compositions comprise a major amount of a liquid hydrocarbon fuel and a minor, property-improving amount of a hydrocarbon-soluble dispersant prepared generally by the post-treatment of a nitrogen-containing composition with mono- and polycarboxylic acids which may be aliphatic or aromatic carboxylic acids although aromatic polycarboxylic acids are preferred. The nitrogen-containing compositions which are post-treated in accordance with the present invention are obtained by reacting an acylating agent with alkylene polyamines or alkanol amines. When fuel compositions of the present invention are utilized in internal combustion engines, and in particular, fuel-injected internal combustion engines, the amount of solid deposits of the various parts of the internal combustion engines are reduced.

Abstract: Functional fluids such as metal working fluids are disclosed which include an oil of lubricating viscosity, a sulfurized organic compound, and an amine derivative. The amine derivative is a hindered imine which is the reaction product obtained from reacting a primary amine connected to a tertiary alkyl group with an aldehyde or aldehyde reaction synthon. The inclusion of the hindered imine within the metal working fluid suppresses the generation of hydrogen sulfide gases during the use of the fluid thus improving the environmental and safety characteristics of the fluid.

Abstract: Compositions for the production of rare earth-ferromagnetic-metal permanent magnets comprise mixtures of rare earth-ferromagnetic metal alloy powder and a lesser amount of a powdered second-phase sintering aid, wherein there is added up to about 2 percent by weight of a particulate refractory oxide, carbide, or nitride additive. Permanent magnets are prepared by mixing the components, aligning the mixture in a magnetic field, pressing and sintering. The refractory material inhibits grain growth in the second phase during sintering, improving the magnetic properties of the major phase.

Abstract: Phosphorus, sulfur and nitrogen containing salts prepared from dithiophosphorus compounds and amines are disclosed, which salts find utility in aqueous functional fluids. Compositions comprising a continuous aqueous phase, at least one of said salts prepared from dithiophosphorus compounds and amines and optionally a surface active agent are also disclosed.

Abstract: Various novel urazole compositions have been discovered that may be generally represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein T and Q may be the same or different and represent hydrogen, hydrocarbyl, sulfur, phosphorus, boron, a metal cation, acyloxy hydrocarbyl, imido hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbyl repeating units, hydrocarbyl urazole (I) containing repeating units, an acyl urazole repeating units, an acyl group, or hydrocarbyl acyl containing group, a repeating unit of an acyl group, a repeating unit of a hydrocarbyl acyl containing group, or together form a pi bond between the two nitrogen atoms and A is hydrogen, hydrocarbyl, a hydrocarbyl urazole I group, a repeating unit of a hydrocarbyl containing acyl group or a repeating unit of a hydrocarbyl containing acyl group which is bonded directly to or through a hydrocarbyl group to another urazole (I) group. These compositions may be formulated with functional fluids for use in motorized vehicles.

Abstract: A process for producing a sulfurized olefin product substantially free of ash containing waste is disclosed. The process involves dehydrohalogenation of an olefin/sulfur halide complex by contacting the complex with a protic solvent in the absence of any metal ion. The process allows for the solvolytic dehydrohalogenation of the complex. The sulfurized olefin product obtained is isolated and may be subjected to further processing to remove any remaining halides. The resulting sulfurized olefin is a useful additive in lubricating oils.

Abstract: A liquid impregnant containing furfural, an acid catalyst and a pore-forming agent comprising a surfactant, e.g. a polyalkylene oxide adduct, is impregnated into fine grained, isotropic graphite bodies and then polymerized and pyrolyzed. An increase in the density of the impregnated body and an improved surface finish is obtained by means of the liquid impregnant and method of this invention.

Abstract: Compositions useful as pour point depressants, novel compounds within such compositions, and processes for making same, as well as lubricant oil compositions containing same, are disclosed. The novel compounds are encompassed by the general structural formula (I) ##STR1## wherein the Ar, Ar' and Ar" are independently an aromatic moiety containing 1 to 3 aromatic rings and each aromatic moiety is substituted with 0 to 3 substituents, (R) and (R') are independently an alkylene group containing about 1 to 100 carbon atoms with the proviso that at least one of (R) or (R') is CH.sub.2, and n is 0 to about 1000; with the proviso that if n is 0, then (R) is CH.sub.2 and each aromatic moiety is independently substituted with 0 to 3 substituents with one aromatic moiety having at least one substituent, the substituents being selected from the group consisting of a substituent derived from an olefin and a substituent derived from a chlorinated hydrocarbon.

Abstract: Novel dimer esters and polyesters derived from and adduct of 5-norbornene-2,3-dicarboxylic anyhydride and O,O-dialkyldithiophosphoric acid have been produced. These dimer esters and polyesters are useful extreme pressure agents, antiwear agents and oxidation inhibitors as well as friction modifying agents for functional fluids used in motorized vehicles.