Abstract: Lubricating oil compositions for internal combustion engines are described with comprise (A) a major amount of oil of lubricating viscosity, and minor amounts of (B) at least one carboxylic derivative composition produced by reacting (B-1) at least one substituted succinic acylating agent with (B-2) at least one amine compound characterized by the present within its structure of at least one HN< group (C) at least one partial fatty acid ester of a polyhydric alcohol, and (D) at least one metal salt of a dihydrocarbyl dithiosphosphoric acid. The oil compositions also may contain (E) at least one carboxylic ester derivative composition, and/or (F) at least one neutral or basic alkaline earth metal salt of at least one acidic organic compound.

Abstract: Oil based compositions including crank case oils and in particular diesel engine crank case oils are disclosed which are comprised of oil having a multi-functional additive component therein. The additive component is present in sufficient amounts so as to provide improved performance characteristics to the composition such as pH stability, water tolerance and antiwear characteristics. The additive is an overbased salt of a compound represented by the general structural formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R is a hydrocarbyl, preferably iso-stearyl, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 are independently hydrogen or aklyl, preferably hydrogen and n is 1 to 20, preferably 1 to 5. Statistical mixtures and mixed salts of the additive compound are also disclosed as are fully formulated oils. The additive is an effective pH stabilizer, EP agent, and water tolerance fix in a variety of functional fluids and lubricating compositions such as crank case oils, particularly diesel engine crank case oils.

Abstract: A lubricating oil formulation is described which is useful in internal combustion engines. More particularly, lubricating oil compositions for internal combustion engines are described with comprises (A) at least about 60% by weight of oil of lubricating viscosity, (B) at least about 2.0% by weight of at least one carboxylic derivative composition produced by reacting (B-1) at least one substituted succinic acylating agent with (B-2) from about 0.70 equivalent up to less than one equivalent, per equivalent of acylating agent, of at least one amine compound characterized by the presence within its structure of at least one HN< group, and wherein said substituted succinic acylating agent consists of substituent groups and succinic groups wherein the substituent groups are derived from a polyalkene, said polyalkene being characterized by an Mn value of abotu 1300 to about 5000 and an Mw/Mn value of about 1.5 to about 4.

Abstract: A cetane improver for diesel fuels is a sulfur containing compound having at least one electron withdrawing group therein. The electron withdrawing group desirably is a carbonyl group.

Abstract: A liquid composition is described which comprises(A) a major amount of at least one fluorine containing hydrocarbon containing one or two carbon atoms; and(B) a minor amount of a soluble organic lubricant comprising at least one organic nitro compound characterized by the formulaeR.sub.z N(H).sub.x [CH.sub.2 C(R.sup.1)(R.sup.2)NO.sub.2 ].sub.y (I)andCH.sub.2 [N(R)CH.sub.2 C(R.sup.1)(R.sup.2)NO.sub.2 ].sub.2 (II)whereinR is a hydrocarbyl group, a polyaminoalkyl group, or R.sup.4 XR.sup.5 - wherein R.sup.4 is H, hydrocarbyl, hydroxyalkyl or aminoalkyl, X is O or NR.sup.6, wherein R.sup.6 is H or a nitroalkyl group, and R.sup.5 is an alkylene group, or R.sup.4 X is a morpholinyl group attached to R.sup.5 through the nitrogen atom; andR.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each independently H or lower aliphatic groups;x is 0 or 1;y is 1 or 2; andz is 1 or 2, provided that the sum of x, y and z is 3.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition is described which is useful in spark-ignited engines which may be fueled with gasoline, alcohol, or mixtures of both. More particularly, lubricating oil compositions for spark-ignited engines are described which comprise (A) an oil of lubricating viscosity; (B) at least one detergent selected from the group consisting of a basic magnesium salt of an organic acid or a mixture of at least one basic magnesium salt of an organic acid and another alkaline earth metal salt of an organic acid wherein the metal in the mixture is predominantly magnesium; and (C) at least one metal salt of (C-1) a substituted succinic acid acylated polyamine; or (C-2) a hydrocarbon-substituted aromatic carboxylic acid containing at least one hydroxyl group attached to an aromatic ring, provided that the metal of said metal salt (C) is not calcium or magnesium.

Abstract: This invention relates to a liquid composition comprising(A) a major amount of a fluorine-containing hydrocarbon, and(B) a minor amount of soluble organic lubricant free of acetylenic and aromatic unsaturation and comprising a cyclic compound characterized by the following structure ##STR1## wherein R is H, a hydrocarbyl group, or --R.sup.2 COOR.sup.1,X is O or NR.sup.3,Y is CHR.sup.4, C.dbd.O, C.dbd.NR.sup.5,R.sup.1 is H or a lower hydrocarbyl group,R.sup.2 is an alkylene group,R.sup.3 is H, a hydrocarbyl group, an alkylene group joined to R.sup.5 when Y is C.dbd.N--R.sup.5 to form a cyclic moiety, --R.sup.6 OR.sup.7, or --R.sup.8 NR.sup.9 R.sup.10,R.sup.4 is H or a hydrocarbyl group,R.sup.5 is H or an alkylene group joined with R.sup.3 when X is NR.sup.3 to form a cyclic moiety,R.sup.6 is an alkylene group,R.sup.7 is H or a hydrocarbyl group,R.sup.8 is an alkylene group, andR.sup.9 and R.sup.10 are each independently H or hydrocarbyl groups, or R.sup.9 and R.sup.

Abstract: Lubricating oil compositions for internal combustion engines are described with comprise (A) a major amount of oil of lubricating viscosity, and minor amounts of (B) at least one carboxylic derivative composition produced by reacting (B-1) at least one substituted succinic acylating agent with (B-2) acylating agent of at least one amine compound characterized by the presence within its structure of at least one NH< group, and wherein the substituted succinic acylating agent consists of substituent groups and succinic groups wherein the substituent groups are derived from a polyalkene, (C) at least one basic alkali metal salt of sulfonic or carboxylic acid, and (D) at least one metal salt of a dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphoric acid. The oil compositions also may contain (E) at least one carboxylic ester derivative compositions, and/or (F) at least one neutral or basic alkaline earth metal salt of at least one acidic organic compound and/or (G) at least one partial fatty acid ester of a polyhydric alcohol.

Abstract: A corrosion inhibitor additive for gear oil formulations is disclosed in the form of an overbased carboxylate which can be in a borated or non-borated form. Borated versions of the overbased carboxylate are preferred and are obtained by reacting a boron reactant such as boric acid with an overbased carboxylate. The overbased carboxylate in its borated and non-borated forms has been found to be effective in improving the corrosion inhibiting properties of gear oil formulations which are used under severe operating conditions wherein the gear oil might come into contact with contaminant water. A method of improving the corrosion resistance of a gear oil having contaminant water therein is also disclosed.

Abstract: Coupled amides useful as lubricating additives such as load carrying agents and/or extreme pressure agents have the formula ##STR1## wherein X.sup.1, X.sup.2, and X.sup.3, independently, is O or S; wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, independently, is a hydrocarbyl, a hydro-carbyl-based oxy, or a hydrocarbyl-based thio, having from 1 to about 34 carbon atoms;wherein R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6, independently, is hydrogen, or an alkyl having from 1 to about 22 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl having from about 4 to about 22 carbon atoms, or an aromatic, an alkyl-substituted aromatic or an aromatic substituted alkyl having from 6 to about 34 carbon atoms;wherein n is 0 or 1;wherein R.sup.7 is hydrogen or an alkyl having 1 to 22 carbon atoms; andwherein R.sup.8 is an alkylene having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, phenylene, or an alkyl-substituted phenyl having from 7 to 12 atoms, are useful as lubricant additives such as load carrying agents and/or extreme pressure agents.

Abstract: A template for use in evaluating the dispersive condition of a lubricating oil is provided. A method employing the template and an absorbent material onto which a sample of oil is placed, and measuring undispersed components of the oil on the absorbent material, is described. A kit which comprises the template and the absorbent material for use in the method of this invention is also described.

Abstract: A liquid composition is described which comprises(A) a major amount of a fluorine containing hydrocarbon containing one or two carbon atoms, and(B) a minor amount of a soluble organic lubricant free of acetylenic and aromatic unsaturation and comprising at least one sulfone or sulfoxide characterized by the formulaeR.sup.1 (R.sup.2)SO.sub.2 (I)R.sup.1 (R.sup.2)SO (II)wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each independently hydrocarbyl groups, --R.sup.3 O(O)CR.sup.4, --NR.sup.4 R.sup.5 or --R.sup.3 NR.sup.4 R.sup.5 groups wherein R.sup.3 is a hydrocarbylene group, and R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are each independently hydrocarbyl groups, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are hydrocarbylene groups joined together to form a cyclic moiety including the sulfur atom, or R.sup.1 is a hydrocarbyl group and R.sup.2 is OR.sup.6 wherein R.sup.6 is a hydrocarbyl group.

Abstract: This invention describes nitrogen containing compounds which are boronated in the presence of a protic material such as water or an alcohol or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Amide compounds useful as additives in lubricating fluids as extreme pressure/antiwear agents are produced on a manufacturing scale. The amides are produced by simultaneously adding together and reacting a phosphorus-containing acid and aqueous acrylamide. Substantially equal molar amounts of the phosphorus-containing acid and the aqueous acrylamide are added together with sufficient cooling to maintain the reaction at a temperature below 50.degree. C. After isolation, the reaction product obtained is preferably further reacted with a coupling agent, preferably paraformaldehyde.

Abstract: Emulsifiers are disclosed which comprise the reaction product of component (I) with component (II). Component (I) comprises the reaction product of certain carboxylic acids or anhydrides, or ester or amide derivatives thereof, with ammonia, at least one amine, at least one alkali and/or at least one alkaline-earth metal. Component (II) comprises certain phosphorous-containing acids; or metal salts of said phosphorous-containing acids, the metals being selected from the group consisting of magnesium, calcium, strontium, chromium, manganese, iron, molybdenum, cobalt, nickel, copper, silver zinc, cadmium, aluminum, tin, lead, and mixtures of two or more thereof. These emulsifiers are useful in water-in-oil explosive emulsions.

Abstract: This invention describes compositions containing nitrogen, sulfur and optionally oxygen which are useful as antioxidants for lubricants.

Abstract: Lubricating oil compositions, particularly lubricating oil compositions comprising sulfur-containing polymeric polyesters. Sulfur-containing polyesters and methods for preparing same are also disclosed. The sulfur-containing polyesters are useful for preparing low-phosphorus containing lubricating oil compositions.

Abstract: Dioxolanes, thio analogs thereof, and derivatives of these and methods of preparation are described. These materials are useful as additives in lubricants and fuels. Methods for reducing fuel consumption in internal combustion engines employing the lubricating compositions are described.

Abstract: Coupled polyamine additives for lubricants, fuels and functional fluids have been discovered. The coupled polyamines are prepared by the cyclization reaction of at least one reactant polyamine reactant with at least one hydrocarbyl polynitrile. This coupled polyamine may be further reacted with a hydrocarbyl carboxylic acid or derivative thereof, a hydrocarbyl phenolic reactant or mixtures thereof to provide an additive having greater oil solubility as well as imparting disperancy and VI improvement.

Abstract: A lubricating oil formulation is described which is useful in internal combustion engines. More particularly, lubricating oil compositions for internal combustion engines are described with comprise (A) a major amount of oil of lubricating viscosity, and at least 2.0% by weight of (B) at least one carboxylic derivative composition produced by reacting (B-1) at least one substituted succinic acylating agent with (B-2) at least one amine compound characterized by the presence within its structure of at least one HN< group, and wherein said substituted succinic acylating agent consists of substituent groups and succinic groups wherein the substituent groups are derived from a polyalkylene, said polyalkene being characterized by Mn value of about 1300 to about 5000 and an Mw/Mn value of about 1.5 to about 4.5, said acylating agents being characterized by the presence within their structure of an average of at least 1.3 succinic groups for each equivalent weight of substituent groups, and (C) from about 0.