Abstract: Certain pyrazoline compounds are employed as the active nitrification inhibitor in the presence of reduced nitrogen fertilizers.

Abstract: Certain metal salts of certain substituted pyrazole dithiocarbamates are employed as the active nitrification inhibitor in the presence of reduced nitrogen fertilizers. Compositions containing these salts can be applied to the surface of the soil and can remain on said soil surface for up to 3 days or more without mechanical incorporation into the soil and retain at least about 70 percent of the pyrazole as the salt in the composition.

Abstract: The present application is directed to a process for preparing cyano(6-(substituted phenoxy)-2-pyridinyl)methyl esters of 3-(2,2-dihaloethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane carboxylic acids wherein an appropriate 6-(substituted phenoxy)picolinaldehyde is reacted with a 3-(2,2-dihaloethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane carboxylic acid anhydride or halide in the presence of an aqueous alkali metal cyanide and an organic solvent.

Abstract: A process for preparing a fluoropyridine compound by reacting a chlorinated pyridine compound with a molar excess of an alkali metal fluoride, especially potassium fluoride, in the presence of a catalytic amount of a catalyst selected from halides of organometals and halides of metals of the iron, nickel and copper groups, and which is preferably FeCl.sub.3, whereby at least one chlorine atom of the chlorinated pyridine compound is replaced by a fluorine atom. Of special interest is the preparation of 3,5-dichloro-2,4,6-trichloropyridine from pentachloropyridine.The compounds prepared by such a process are useful for the preparation of agriculturally-useful fluoropyridines.

Abstract: Novel 2-naphthyridinyloxy(or thio)phenoxy propanoic acid compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein ##STR2## represents a 6 membered nitrogen containing an aromatic ring which forms a 1,5-, 1,6-, 1,7- or 1,8-naphthyridinyl moiety with the adjoining pyridine ring, said naphthyridinyl moiety optionally substituted at the 6 position of the naphthyridinyl moiety with a chloro, bromo, iodo, CF.sub.3, or fluoro atom;A represents 0 or S; andagriculturally acceptable salts, esters, ethers, and amides thereof, are useful as fungicides and herbicides, particularly effective against grassy weeds.

Abstract: Novel 2-naphthyridinyloxy(or thio)phenoxy propanoic acid compounds of the formula ##STR1## represents a 6 membered nitrogen containing an aromatic ring which forms a 1,5-, 1,6-, 1,7- or 1,8-naphthyridinyl moiety with the adjoining pyridine ring, said naphthyridinyl moiety optionally substituted at the 6 position of the naphthyridinyl moiety with a chloro, bromo, iodo, CF.sub.3, or fluoro atom;A represents 0 or S; andagriculturally acceptable salts, esters, ethers, and amides thereof, are useful as fungicides and herbicides, particularly effective against grassy weeds.

Abstract: Compounds are prepared which correspond to the formula ##STR1## wherein R represents methylene, ethylene or ethylidene;R.sup.1 represents hydrogen, hydroxy, chloro, bromo, fluoro, iodo, cyano, --COOR.sup.2, oxo or acetoxy;Y represents hydrogen, chloro, bromo, iodo or fluoro;X represents hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, alkoxy of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, alkylthio of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, alkenyloxy of 2 to 6 carbon atoms, alkynyloxy of 2 to 6 carbon atoms, cyano, trifluoromethyl, (trifluoromethyl)thio, (trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl, trifluoromethoxy, --COOR.sup.2 wherein R.sup.2 is alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, --C(O/S)NR.sup.3 R.sup.4 wherein R.sup.3 represents R.sup.2, alkenyl of 2 to 6 carbon atoms or alkynyl of 2 to 6 carbon atoms and R.sup.4 represents R.sup.3 or hydrogen, or --S(O).sub.2 NR.sup.2 R.sup.3 with the proviso that X and Y cannot both be hydrogen at the same time and A represents a non-phytotoxic anion. The compounds have been found to be active plant growth enhancers.

Abstract: Improved procedures and intermediates for synthesizing 11-deoxyprostaglandins wherein trans-2,3-dicarbomethoxycyclopentanone is subjected to a novel alcoholysis with .beta.,.beta.,.beta.-trichloroethanol to substitute a .beta.,.beta.,62 -trichlorocarboethoxy group at the 2-position followed by alkylation to allow for a wide range of upper side chains to be introduced at the 2-position of the cyclopentanone ring. The unwanted .beta.,.beta.,.beta.-trichlorocarboethoxy group at the 2-position can then be removed easily by a zinc induced elimination-decarboxylation sequence. Base catalyzed epimerization of the 2-position side chain to the desired trans-configuration, relative to the carbomethoxy group in the 3-position, is followed by partial reduction of the 2-hexynyl moiety of the side chain to the desired cis-olefinic group of the E.sub.2 -type 11-dioxyprostaglandins, or through total reduction to the alkane upper side chain of E.sub.1 -type-prostaglandin analogs.

Abstract: A process for preparing a benzoylphenylurea which comprises reacting a benzoyl chloride with an alkali metal cyanate in the presence of a catalyst and an inert solvent to prepare a benzoyl isocyanate which is treated in situ with an appropriate aniline compound.

Abstract: Certain metal complexes of certain substituted pyrazole compounds are employed as the active nitrification inhibitor in the presence of reduced nitrogen fertilizers. Compositions containing these complexes can be applied to the surface of soil and can remain on said soil surface for up to 3 days or more without mechanical incorporation into the soil and retain at least about 70 percent of the pyrazole in the complex in the composition.

Abstract: Certain metal salts of certain substituted pyrazole compounds are employed as the active nitrification inhibitor in the presence of reduced nitrogen fertilizers. Compositions containing these salts can be applied to the surface of soil and can remain on said soil surface for up to 3 days or more without incorporation into the soil and retain at least about 70 percent of the pyrazole in the salt in the composition.

Abstract: Serine derivatives are synthesized by the condensation of an alkali metal salt of a glycine derivative and a carbonyl compound in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst.

Abstract: 2(6)-(Trichloromethyl)pyridines are reduced to the corresponding 2(6)-(dichloromethyl)pyridines by treatment with a strong base and an anionic reductant derived from a reductant source material selected from the group consisting of chloroform, dimethylsulfoxide, dimethylsulfone, and a ketone having a base-abstractable hydrogen, said treatment taking place in the presence of a polar, non-hydroxylic solvent and/or a phase transfer catalyst.

Abstract: 2(6)-(Trichloromethyl)pyridines are reduced to the corresponding 2(6)-(dichloromethyl)pyridines by treatment with a strong base and an anionic reductant derived from a reductant source material selected from the group consisting of dialkylphosphite and trialkylphosphite said treatment taking place in the presence of a polar, non-hydroxylic solvent and/or a phase transfer catalyst.

Abstract: Disclosed are diphenoxymethyl pyridines, their preparation and their use as herbicides.

Abstract: Disclosed is 3-chloro-2-pyridine sulfonamide, said compound being useful as an insecticide.

Abstract: The insecticidal activity of certain pyridinyl phosphorus compounds is enhanced by the admixture therewith of certain 2,5,6-trisubstituted-4-pyrimidinyl phosphoramidates or phosphoramidothioates.

Abstract: Phosphorus derivatives of 4-pyrimidinols which possess insecticidal properties and especially both systemic and foliar activity for plants against insect pests.

Abstract: Phosphorus derivatives of 5-pyrimidinols which possess insecticidal properties and especially both systemic and foliar activity for plants against insect pests.

Abstract: ((6-(Substituted phenoxy)-2-pyridinyl)methyl)-3-(2,2-bis(trifluoromethyl)-1-ethenyl)-2,2-di methylcyclopropane carboxylates and the geometric and optical isomers thereof are prepared by the reaction of an appropriate cyano((6-(substituted phenoxy)-2-pyridinyl)methyl)-2,2-dimethyl-3-cyclopropane carboxaldehyde with tetrakis(trifluoromethyl)-1,3-dithioetane. These compounds exhibit a high degree of insecticidal activity and are so employed.