Abstract: A non-compressed template image is compared with compressed object images stored in a memory to find an object image corresponding to the template image. Each object image is DCT transformed and compressed according to JPEG algorithm such that the compressed image data includes DCT coefficients representing DC components which indicate average intensity or brightness of the respective block of the object image. The template image is processed to obtain average intensity for each of blocks corresponding in size to the blocks of the object image. Image recognition is performed by rough matching and fine matching. In the rough matching, the average intensity of the template image and the average intensity of the object image represented by the DC components are used to examine the degree of matching. When a maximum rough matching value is found, the object image is restored or decompressed and the fine matching is done with use of pixel intensity.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided which permits mobile computers equipped with modems for cellular telephone systems to obtain various classes of data communication services, as well as voice service, including taking part in local-area networks. The LAN's may be composed of conventional LANS in establishments or of other mobile computers. In this way, mobile computers can take part in mainstream client-server computing and also establish wireless LANs using the cellular telephone system.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for retrieving data stored on a magnetic medium with a high resolution is described. It is characterized by measuring a tunneling current which is partly depending on the magnetization of the medium (1). This dependence is caused by irradiating the medium (1) with polarized non-ionizing light. The tunneling current can be measured with a high lateral resolution by applying a probing tip (2) as known from conventional scanning tunneling microscopy or related techniques.

Abstract: A thin film transistor having two vertically stacked channels and dual gate non-photosensitive structure, where the source drain to bottom gate structure is self-aligned. This structure occupies the same area on a substrate as a conventional single gate thin film transistor. This invention also discloses a process for manufacturing a dual gate structure with a simple three mask procedure.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for compressing video data to improve its tolerance to error, especially with a low bit rate network. With this invention video data is divided into a number of frames and each frame is divided into a number of macroblocks. A dependency count is assigned to each macroblock, and if the dependency count for the macroblock exceeds or is equal to a threshold, the dependency block is intra-coded using low bit rate coding algorithm. If the dependency count is below the threshold, the macroblock is inter-coded.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display is constructed such that a black resin film is formed on the wiring region outside of the sealing compound that seals the liquid crystal between opposed substrates. This results in preventing corrosion of the leading fine wire between an OLB electrode and a pixel on the liquid crystal display panel and thereby prevents breaking of wires formed on the array substrate on the outside of the sealing compound and short-circuiting between the wires. The black resin film forms an excellent protective layer in place of the conventional silicon resin coating step designed for this purpose.

Abstract: A substrate for forming a liquid crystal display panel has panel forming areas 14 defined on a glass base plate 12. Patterns (such as wiring TAB areas 22) are defined on the glass base plate 12 within the panel forming areas. The panel forming areas and the patterns within the panel forming areas are defined in position and orientation with respect to a scribing line that passes through the center of the glass base plate such that when the glass base plate is divided along the scribing line, two base plates are formed that are identical to each other after one is rotated by 180 degrees. The resulting halves of the original base plate thus do not include the wasted area that conventionally needs to be cut off when the panel forming areas and patterns are not formed with such position and image symmetry. A large margin is also assured, which facilitates cutting and improves the production yield. It also allows the image area portion of the panel forming areas to be enlarged.

Abstract: A robust and secure password (or key) change method between a user and an authentication server in a distributed communication network is disclosed. The protocol requires the exchange of only two messages between the user desiring the key change and the server, the user's request including, at least partly encrypted, an identification of the sending user, old and new keys, and two nonces, at least one including a time indication. The authentication server's response includes a possibly encrypted accept/reject indication and the regularly encrypted request from the user.

Abstract: A color filter thickness uniformity is evaluated quantitatively and accurately at high sensitivity by using a wavelength deviating by a predetermined wavelength from a central wavelength. The whole output of a screen is unified into one color tone by a monochromatic mask set between a white light source and a color filter to mask picture elements other than those with a specific color tone. The light emitted from the screen is filtered by a filter having a wavelength .lambda..sub.1 deviating by a predetermined wavelength .DELTA..lambda. from the central wavelength .lambda..sub.0 of the one color tone as the central wavelength, and the intensity of the filtered light is detected for each position on the screen to evaluate the intensity of the light detected for each position on the screen by a method such as image processing.

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting a velocity of a moving object includes: a camera for photographing a predetermined area in which the object moves, at intervals of time T; a projector for projecting brightness information of each pixel in an image photographed at the intervals of time T by the camera, onto a longitudinal axis along a moving direction of the object, and for accumulating each brightness value on the longitudinal axis to generate pieces of one-dimensional projected information; a buffer for storing the pieces of one-dimensional projected information from the camera; and a detector for determining the velocity of the object moving in the predetermined area from the pieces of one-dimensional projected information stored in the buffer. Information to be processed becomes one-dimensional projected information, so even if there are a large number of pieces of one-dimensional projected information, they will be nearly the same as an amount of information of an image photographed at intervals of time T.

Abstract: To drive a liquid crystal panel without producing flickering or noise on a screen, an adder circuit 26 adds the noise component of the analog signal detected in a filter 24 to a reference voltage from a power supply 16, and a phase adjustment circuit 28 adjusts the phase of the reference voltage to which the noise component was added. A circuit 12 holds the analog signal and outputs it to comparators 14.sub.1 to 14.sub.n. The reference voltage from the circuit 28 is divided in resistors 18.sub.1 to 18.sub.n+1 and output to comparators 14.sub.1 to 14.sub.n as threshold voltages TV.sub.1 to TV.sub.n. The comparator 14 compares the input analog signal to the voltage TV, and outputs a predetermined signal to an encoder 20 if the analog signal is greater than the voltage TV. The encoder 20 converts the signal from the comparator 14 to a digital signal and applies it to the electrode of a liquid crystal panel.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for expanding the physical coverage area of a wireless communications network. More specifically, a number of transceivers are connected in a series configuration to a single base station, and each transceiver transmits signals to selected portions (subcells) of the physical coverage area. Each transceiver is connected to a delay unit where all of the delay units are adjusted so that downlink signals transmitted from the single base station will be transmitted from the transceivers to their respective subcells in phase with each other. Since all of the downlink signals from each of the transceivers result from the same downlink signal from the base station and since they are in phase with each other, a wireless unit anywhere in the physical coverage area will receive a downlink signal which is error free.

Abstract: Communication of information between the inside and the outside of an electrically conducting enclosure is performed through the use of a frequency selective surface on the electrically conducting enclosure, which permits passage of electromagnetic waves at particular frequencies, but prohibits waves of other frequencies from penetration. Thus, one or more objects contained within the electrically conducting enclosure, which include radio frequency tags attached to the objects containing information about the objects, may be monitored or interrogated by the transmission of an electromagnetic wave at the permitted frequency through the frequency selective surface. With such a system, control and inventory of enclosed objects may be performed while the EMI shielding function of the electrically conducting enclosure is maintained.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display unit using a back light uses a light guiding sheet to transfer to a liquid crystal display panel the light from a light source, and provides a liquid crystal display unit where a display of images is obtained with uniform brightness and high brightness. The light guiding sheet is formed by stacking two or more kinds of transparent amorphous layers different in refractive index at a predetermined angle with respect to a sheet surface. This light guiding sheet is constructed so as to be employed in a back light.

Abstract: In system and method for data compression and decompression, runs of the same bit value are identified within the data to be compressed and decompressed into a series of groups of bits wherein the number of bits in each group progressively increases as compared to the preceding groups until all of the bits of the run can be represented.

Abstract: In a direct access storage device having a head for interaction with a storage medium and a moving actuator on which the head is mounted, the improvement comprises a compound bearing system for the actuator, the bearing system including a first bearing of low friction for small movements of the actuator; and a second bearing of higher friction for coarse movements of the actuator. The storage medium is preferably a rotating magnetic disk having a series of concentric circular tracks. A single servo system drives the actuator so that the head follows a selected track with motion of the first bearing, and movement of the head to a new track causes motion of the second bearing. Preferably the first bearing is a flex bearing and the second bearing is a ball bearing.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for processing filesystem commands for use in a computing system of a type in which a filesystem can be mounted multiple access modes. Responsive to a remount command, the filesystem access mode is changed from a present access mode (such as read-only) to another access mode (such as read-write) without disruption of the processes executing in the computing system.

Abstract: Screen interpolation is done without using an expensive line buffer, etc., to enlarge and display an original image without incongruity. Rather than computing an interpolated pixel value as an average of adjacent pixel values and displaying the computed average pixel value in each frame, in accordance with this invention a pixel to be interpolated assumes one of the adjacent pixel values in each frame, but in successive frames assumes different adjacent pixel values in a mix such that the average value of the interpolated pixel over many frames becomes the desired interpolated value. Since successive frames are displayed very rapidly, to the human eye the afterglow (or visual persistence) phenomenon causes the screen to appear as if an enlarged image is being displayed at all times without incongruity (i.e., the varying values of the interpolated pixels are not noticed by the human eye).

Abstract: To prevent a signal delay of an active-matrix liquid crystal display from occurring in an active-matrix liquid crystal display having an active element for each pixel electrode, a potential is supplied to a common electrode from a storage capacitance line by forming a pillar of a color filter to specify a cell gap between an array substrate having the storage capacitance line and a facing substrate having the color filter and electrically connecting the common electrode covering the pillar of the color filter with the storage capacitance line on the array substrate. Thereby, it is possible to disuse a transfer dotting process which is a factor of decreasing the yield and also a factor of decreasing the effective display area.

Abstract: In order to supply data in which scene switching in a motion picture can be easily detected, pixel data 50 of a motion picture is input and stored in the frame buffer 18 as pixel values 52, and the statistical processor 14 operates the mean value .mu. and standard deviation .alpha. of luminous values using all pixel data 50 of one frame. The conversion table processor 16 sets a pixel conversion table expressing the correspondence between pixel values 52 and normalized output pixel values 54 using the mean value .mu. and standard deviation .alpha., reads pixel values 54 sequentially, and outputs output pixel values 54 for one frame to the detector 12 using the pixel conversion table. The detector 12 obtains differential values between previous output pixel values 54 and current output pixel values 54, judges that the number of pixels exceeding the threshold value, Vth, corresponds to a frame where a scene is switched, and outputs the scene change detection signal 56.