Abstract: Novel esters of dithiophosphoric acid and secondary alcohols having two beta quaternary carbon atoms, and salts of such esters suitable as additives in oil compositions are disclosed.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
March 6, 1978
Date of Patent:
July 15, 1980
Assignee:
Shell Oil Company
Inventors:
Hendrik Schadenberg, Corrie M. J. Leenaars, Aaldert J. de Jong
Abstract: Novel crystalline silicates which in dehydrated form having the composition in terms of moles of the oxides: (1.0.+-.0.3) (R).sub.2/n O. [a Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3. b Al.sub.2 O.sub.3. c Ga.sub.2 O.sub.3. y(dSiO.sub.2. eGeO.sub.2)], wherein R is one or more mono- or bivalent cations and a, b, c, d, e, y and n are as defined hereinafter are disclosed. The thermally stable silicates are suitably employed as extracting agents, drying agents, ion exhange agents, catalysts and catalyst carriers.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 7, 1977
Date of Patent:
June 17, 1980
Assignee:
Shell Oil Company
Inventors:
Herman W. Kouwenhoven, Willem H. J. Stork
Abstract: A process is disclosed for the conversion of asphaltines-containing mineral hydrocarbon oil to distillate gas oil by a processing sequence comprising thermal cracking, flashing, atmospheric fractionation, vacuum fractionation, thermal cracking, catalytic cracking or hydrocracking, and atmospheric fractionation with certain recycle of intermediate streams to achieve efficient, economic operations.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
May 29, 1979
Date of Patent:
May 6, 1980
Assignee:
Shell Oil Company
Inventors:
Pieter B. Kwant, Dirk Kanbier, Petrus W. H. L. Tjan, Mohammed Akbar
Abstract: A process for the preparation of gas oil from residual oils by combination of two stages of thermal cracking, cyclone separation, vacuum distillation, deasphalting, atmospheric distillation, and recycling of certain streams.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
May 29, 1979
Date of Patent:
April 29, 1980
Assignee:
Shell Oil Company
Inventors:
Pieter B. Kwant, Dirk Kanbier, Petrus W. H. L. Tjan, Mohammed Akbar
Abstract: A process for restoring selectivity of cracking catalysts which are contaminated with metals during cracking operations which comprises contacting the catalyst with at least one boron compound for a time sufficient to restore selectivity of the catalyst.
Abstract: A process for preparing light distillate fractions and medicinal oil from heavy hydrocarbon oils comprises two-stage hydrocracking, fractionation distillation and catalytic hydrotreatment of at least part of the fractionation residue.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
November 13, 1978
Date of Patent:
January 15, 1980
Assignee:
Shell Oil Company
Inventors:
Jacobus H. Breuker, Hubertus N. H. DeHaan, Pieter B. Kwant
Abstract: A process is disclosed for suppressing the increase in specific average pore diameter which often occurs when a silica is subjected to a hydrothermal treatment, which includes the presence of one or more compounds of the elements lithium, potassium, sodium, rubidium, cesium, strontium or barium and which also includes in the hydrothermal treatment an added amount of at least one water-soluble titanium compound in an amount of about 0.1-5 grams per 100 grams of silica.
Abstract: A process is disclosed for catalytically hydroconverting asphalt in a first reactor in the presence of a hydrogenated middle distillate and hydrogen under conditions effecting both hydroconversion of the asphalt and dehydrogenation of said distillate, fractionating the reaction product into at least one distillate fraction and a residual fraction, catalytically hydrogenating the middle distillate fraction in a second reactor and circulating at least part of the second reaction product to the first reactor, and circulating hydrogenation catalyst between the first and second reactors.
Abstract: The inhibition or prevention of octane requirement increase in a spark ignited internal combustion engine is achieved by introducing with the combustion charge a fuel composition containing an octane requirement increase-inhibiting amount of: (a) certain cyclomatic manganese compounds, (b) certain oil soluble aliphatic polyamines, and (c) oil of lubricating viscosity in certain range of weight ratio of (a):(b):(c).
Abstract: The prevention or substantial reversal of octane requirement increase in a spark-ignited, internal combustion engine is achieved by introducing, with the combustion intake charge, a fuel and/or lubricant composition containing an octane requirement increase-inhibiting amount of a high surface area, solid acid catalyst having an average particle size in the range of about 0.01 to 10 microns and an average non-volatile surface acidity of about 1 or less, expressed as pKa value, said solid acid catalyst being essentially nonreactive with the fuel or lubricant prior to combustion and chemically and thermally stable under combustion conditions in the engine.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
October 11, 1977
Date of Patent:
March 20, 1979
Assignee:
Shell Oil Company
Inventors:
Anthony R. Gatti, James S. Hokanson, Kenzie Nozaki
Abstract: Sulphurized material suitable as an extreme pressure additive for lubricants is obtained by sulphurizing (a) at least one of (1) inedible tallow oil and (2) an alcoholysis product of (1), or (b) a mixture of (a) and an ester of an unsaturated fatty acid having 12-30 carbon atoms and an alkanol, said ester being different from said alcoholysis product.
Abstract: Residual hydrocarbon stocks obtained after vacuum distillation are converted into light distillates by certain sequences of processing steps including vacuum distillation, deasphalting, hydrocracking, atmospheric distillation and catalytic hydrotreating.
Abstract: A process is disclosed for the conversion of a hydrocarbon oil vacuum distillation residue to one or more atmospheric distillates by a processing sequence comprising vacuum fractionation, catalytic cracking or hydrocracking, atmospheric fractionation, hydrotreating, atmospheric fractionation, and vacuum fractionation with certain recycle of intermediate streams to achieve efficient, economic operation.
Abstract: A process is disclosed for demetallizing heavy hydrocarbon oils, by contacting the oil at elevated temperature with acidified active carbon. The process is particularly useful as a pretreatment of the heavy hydrocarbons for subsequent catalytic processes which are impared by metals such as nickel and vanadium.
Abstract: Textile fiber lubricants are disclosed comprising a major amount of (1) the reaction product of (a) at least one C.sub.1 to C.sub.10 alcohol, or (b) at least one C.sub.2 to C.sub.4 alkylene oxide with (c) at least one C.sub.2 to C.sub.4 alkylene oxide, and a minor amount of a polymer of an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid.
Abstract: Novel compounds of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R and R.sub.2 are hydrocarbyl groups, R.sub.1 is a hydrocarbylene group and R.sub.3 is hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl group, which groups R, R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 may be substituted by or contain one or more heteroatoms or heterogroups, have utility as antioxidants for organic materials such as lubricating oils.
Abstract: Lubricating oil compositions are provided which comprise: (A) a major amount of oil of lubricating viscosity, and (B) an effective amount dissolved therein of each of (1) a zinc primary dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate; (2) a mixture of (a) certain dimeric acids and (b) the reaction product of a monocarboxylic acid, certain polyalkylene polyamines and an alkenyl succinic anhydride; and (3) a substantially neutral zinc salt of a dihydrocarbyl sulfonic acid. These lubricating oil compositions are useful as functional fluids in a variety of systems as coolants, hydraulic fluids, turbine oils, spindle oils and the like.
Abstract: A catalyst for a fuel cell electrode having improved activity is prepared by covering a Group VIII transition metal with oxygen during or before immersion in a liquid containing a compound of a co-catalyst.
Abstract: A process is disclosed for catalytic hydrotreating of a heavy hydrocarbon oil and a light hydrocarbon oil in separate reactors, wherein the hydrotreating catalyst is circulated through both reactors. The process is particularly suited to obtaining long catalyst life when operating at low hydrogen pressures.
Abstract: Gasoline compositions having improved driveability comprise gasoline containing a minor amount of a compound having the formula ##STR1## WHEREIN R.sub.f is a perfluorinated radical selected from the group consisting of aliphatic C.sub.n F.sub.2n + 1 and cycloaliphatic C.sub.n F.sub.2n - 1, n is an integer from 1 - 18, q is 0 or an integer from 1 to 18, R is hydrogen or an alkyl radical having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, R.sub.1 is an alkylene bridging radical having from 2 to 12 carbon atoms, m is 1 or 2, and X is chlorine, hydroxyl, --OMe (where Me is a metal), or a residual moiety of an active hydrogen-containing organic compound.