Abstract: An objective lens for a high-density optical recording medium, employed as an objective lens for an optical pickup for converging a luminous flux onto an optical recording medium, comprises, successively from the light source side, a first lens L1 made of a biconvex lens having at least one surface formed as an aspheric, and a second lens L2 made of a planoconvex lens having a convex surface directed onto the light source side, and satisfies the following conditional expressions (1) to (3): 0.588<&bgr;2≦0.676  (1) NA1≧0.45  (2) RMS1≦0.07&lgr;  (3) where &bgr;2 is the imaging magnification of the second lens L2; NA1 is the numerical aperture of the first lens L1; RMS1 is the RMS of the wavefront aberration of the first lens L1; and &lgr; is a reference wavelength.

Abstract: By forming a silicon single-crystal thin film direct on a chemically etched substrate, a time required for all the process can be effectively shortened, which largely contributes to reduction in production cost of a silicon epitaxial wafer and improvement on production efficiency thereof, with the result that a reduced wafer price at a user's end and a short delivery time are ensured. In a technical aspect, an etching removal in a chemical etching treatment is set to be 60 &mgr;m or more and thereby, a glossiness of a front main surface of a chemically etched substrate can be ensured to be 95% or higher. With such a glossiness of the front main surface of the substrate employed, a surface glossiness of a silicon single-crystal thin film formed on the front main surface of the chemically etched substrate can be increased to 95% or higher, thereby, enabling an auto-alignment treatment in a lithographic step coming later with no trouble.

Abstract: It is an object of the invention to provide a semiconductor wafer obtained by forming a semiconductor thin film with uniform resistivity on a main surface of a semiconductor single crystal substrate of 300 mm or more in diameter. When a process gas is supplied to over a main surface of a silicon single crystal substrate 12 in rotation in almost parallel to the main surface thereof in one direction in a reaction chamber 10 through six inlet ports 18a to 18f disposed in width direction of the reaction chamber 10, H2 gas, a semiconductor raw material gas and a dopant gas are supplied onto an area in the vicinity of the center of the main surface of the silicon single crystal substrate 12 and an intermediate area thereof through the inner inlet ports 18a and 18b and the middle inlet ports 18c and 18d, and only H2 gas and the semiconductor raw material gas without the dopant gas are supplied onto an area in the vicinity of the outer periphery thereof from the outer inlet ports 18e and 18f.

Abstract: An illumination apparatus and a projection type image display apparatus are provided. The illumination apparatus comprises a light source section, a color reflector, and light quantity homogenizing means. The light source section is constituted by an illuminant and a light converging portion for converging a luminous flux from the illuminant. The color reflector comprises a rotary reflecting member disposed at a position where the luminous flux from the light source section is converged. The rotary reflecting member reflects only a specific wavelength component in the luminous flux according to an angle of rotation from a reference position. The light quantity homogenizing means homogenizes the light quantity of the luminous flux reflected by the color reflector.

Abstract: The present invention provides a lens barrel apparatus dispensing with deliberate switching between manual and automatic operation modes and permitting quick adjustment of conditions regarding the object. In this apparatus, a gear moving plate of a clutch mechanism is connected to the external gear of a zooming or focusing ring, a gear fixing plate of the clutch mechanism is connected to a zoom motor, and the gear moving plate is operated by a clutch operating motor via a coil spring and a moving gear to connect and disconnect the fixed plate. When the clutch mechanism is disconnected, a movable disk and a coil spring are enabled to freely rotate by a thrust bearing. By operating the clutch mechanism on the basis of an operational control signal for a zooming switch, switching between manual and electric operation modes is automatically accomplished. Further the manual operation torque of the zooming ring can be either adjusted with a volume control device or automatically maintained at a constant level.

Abstract: A high sensitivity, three-dimensional gamma ray detection and imaging system is provided. The system uses the Compton double scatter technique with recoil electron tracking. The system preferably includes two detector subassemblies; a silicon microstrip hodoscope and a calorimeter. In this system the incoming photon Compton scatters in the hodoscope. The second scatter layer is the calorimeter where the scattered gamma ray is totally absorbed. The recoil electron in the hodoscope is tracked through several detector planes until it stops. The x and y position signals from the first two planes of the electron track determine the direction of the recoil electron while the energy loss from all planes determines the energy of the recoil electron.

Abstract: In order to provide a cosmetic composition which is excellent in stability of viscosity and usability, the cosmetic composition of the present invention comprises an associative thickener, which is composed of a compound shown in Formula (1), and the cosmetic composition is an oil-in-water emulsion composition, which further comprises a water-soluble polymer: R1—{(O—R2)k—OCONH—R3[—NHCOO—(R4—O)n—R5]h}m  (1) wherein R1, R2, and R4 each is a hydrocarbon group, which may be the same or different each other; R3 is a hydrocarbon group, which may have urethane bond; R5 is a straight chain, branched chain or secondary hydrocarbon group; m is an integer of 2 or more; h is an integer of 1 or more; and k and n each is an integer within the range of 0 to 1000, respectively.

Abstract: In a pattern projection measurement grating, each cycle of the total amplitude of a sine wave is divided into eight sections, and each of thus divided sections is divided into white regions W and black regions B according to the ratio between the area S of the sine wave and the area So of a rectangular wave having the same amplitude as the sine wave in this section, so as to constitute a black and white binary pattern. Thus obtained pseudo sine wave density distribution is a density pattern close to the sine wave.

Abstract: A gaming machine which allows, according to a preset probability of occurrence, a player to play a special game (e.g., big bonus game) more advantageous than a normal game comprises a setting switch 46 for setting the probability of occurrence of big bonus games at a plurality of stages, and an indicator for informing the player of thus set value. The indicator comprises reel lamps 44 adapted to emit light in a plurality of light-emitting patterns while illuminating from inside reels in a transmitting manner the symbols seen through display windows. As the light-emitting patterns in the reel lamps 44 are changed (so as to represent L or H) according to the set value set by the setting switch 46, the player is informed of the setting value set by the setting switch 46. Consequently, the player can fully enjoy games, while the profits of players and game parlors are balanced.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electronic endoscope apparatus which prevents a picked up image from being blurred utilizing an optical magnification change mechanism. A viewing distance is changed by moving a movable lens with an actuator, magnification changing location of the movable lens is detected with an encoder and a shutter speed for a CCD which is shorter than an exposure time while the optical magnification changing mechanism is not operating is set with a CPU dependently on the magnification changing location. It is possible to prevent an image from being blurred, for example, by storing various patterns which provide higher electronic shutter speeds as an image magnification ratio is enhanced in a ROM and controlling an electronic shutter speed with these patterns.

Abstract: This invention discloses a toy doll which can be moved and rotated like a human being. Once a pose is taken the pose is maintained. The toy doll comprises an upper body, an abdomen portion constructed of an upper abdomen and a lower abdomen and a lower body, wherein an interconnecting bar connects the body portions and the abdomen portions which rub against each other and are movable. They are also forced toward the center of the interconnecting bar.

Abstract: In the endoscope configured so as to drive a tip end portion movable lens for making the observation distance variable by the linear transmission member and to rotate this linear transmission member by a motor, a shaft of the motor is connected to a shaft connecting member, and a sliding guide hole having a predetermined length is formed on a cylindrical member wall of this shaft connecting member. And, within this shaft connecting member, a distal member of the linear transmission member is movably disposed, and this distal member is provided with a pin engaging with the sliding guide hole. This apparatus advances and retreats the linear transmission member in the rotating shaft direction during the bending operation, and provides a constant load to a motor rotating shaft, making it possible to obtain a stable magnification changing operation even though there may be a change in posture of an endoscope insertion unit.

Abstract: The present invention is a unit for eliminating the fluctuation of luminous energy reduction by keeping the response time of a shading mechanism constant even if a diaphragm opening degree differs when reading every pixel by setting a shading period. This unit is provided with a shading mask having a quadrangular or V-shaped opening and moves a shading shutter in the horizontal direction perpendicular to the vertically moving direction of a diaphragm plate. Therefore, a shading period is set in accordance with the constant response time of the shading shutter and the rate of luminous energy reduction becomes constant. Moreover, a high-quality static image having a stable brightness can be obtained by reading the signal of every pixel obtained by a CCD through one-time exposure while using the shading period and then pixel-mixing signals. Furthermore, it is possible to use the Archimedean spiral for the outer periphery of the diaphragm plate or the shading shutter.

Abstract: An imaging system for imaging an object, the system comprising an x-ray source emitting x-rays, a detection system comprised of a hodoscope comprising a plurality of position sensitive and substantially parallel detector planes, a multi-channel readout system coupled to the hodoscope, a processor coupled to the multi-channel readout system, and a monitor coupled to said processor and displaying an image of said object. The object is located between said x-ray source and the hodoscope. A portion of said x-rays passing through said object passes into said hodoscope and is scattered within it.

Abstract: A gaming machine comprises sound effect pattern storage apparatus storing a plurality of sound effect patterns therein; sound effect pattern selector for selecting one sound effect pattern from the plurality of sound effect patterns stored in the sound effect pattern storage apparatus according to a predetermined condition; and indicator for informing, when the special game occurs, the player of an occurrence of the special game by generating sound effects according to the sound effect pattern selected by the sound effect pattern selector. Consequently, the player can feel a new impression every time a special game occurs, thus being able to fully enjoy the pleasure of gaming. The sound effect pattern storage apparatus and the sound effect pattern selector are constituted by a control unit 23, whereas the indicator is constituted by a speaker 21.

Abstract: An under voltage lockout {overscore (RESET)} circuit is connected to the {overscore (RESET)} terminal of a EEPROM. The EEPROM is used in a system which may include a computer or processor and which may be used in space. The under voltage lockout {overscore (RESET)} circuit maybe an under voltage lockout circuit used on a LinFinity SG1526/B or a Unitrode UC1526 regulating pulse width modulator which maintain the {overscore (RESET)} voltage low at all values of power supply voltage source voltage less than a predetermined level. In one embodiment the under voltage lockout {overscore (RESET)} circuit output voltage does not have a “floating voltage” which rises to a level higher than its value when a comparator initially senses that a power supply voltage source voltage is less than the predetermined amount. This is a flat {overscore (RESET)} characteristic under voltage lockout.

Abstract: In an image stabilizing apparatus in which an actuator for pivoting a gimbal suspension is driven under PWM control by way of a driving circuit, the pulse width of waveform outputted from a CPU to the driving circuit is enhanced when the power voltage Vp in the driving circuit drops. The CPU reads out the power voltage Vp and enhances the pulse width of output waveform from W1 to W2 as the power voltage Vp decreases from its rated voltage V1 to a lower voltage V2. The correction rate (W2/W1) is set to the reciprocal (V1/V2) of the drop rate of power voltage Vp, so as to yield an appropriate actuator driving power in response to the drop in power voltage Vp.

Abstract: The present application relates to an electronic endoscope apparatus for forming a preferable static image by controlling blurring of an image at the time of picking up the image by using a variable-power mechanism. This endoscope emits stroboscopic light by a stroboscopic light emission circuit when a freeze button is pressed and sets a high shutter speed shorter than an exposure time for a dynamic image by an electronic shutter circuit. Moreover, observation distances can be changed by moving a movable lens through a variable-power motor section and a linear transmission member in accordance with operation of a variable-power switch. Therefore, a static image is formed trough short-time image pickup by strong illumination light and image blurring is eliminated which becomes remarkable in particular when the image is enlarged through variable-power operation.

Abstract: The present invention is a unit for eliminating the fluctuation of luminous energy reduction by keeping the response time of a shading mechanism constant even if a diaphragm opening degree differs when reading every pixel by setting a shading period. This unit is provided with a shading mask having a quadrangular or V-shaped opening and moves a shading shutter in the horizontal direction perpendicular to the vertically moving direction of a diaphragm plate. Therefore, a shading period is set in accordance with the constant response time of the shading shutter and the rate of luminous energy reduction becomes constant. Moreover, a high-quality static image having a stable brightness can be obtained by reading the signal of every pixel obtained by a CCD through one-time exposure while using the shading period and then pixel-mixing signals. Furthermore, it is possible to use the Archimedean spiral for the outer periphery of the diaphragm plate or the shading shutter.