Abstract: A multi-stand block for a rolling mill comprises a plurality of roll stands alternately arranged on opposite sides of a pass line along which a product is rolled in a downstream direction from an entry end to an exit end of the block. Drive shafts are provided on opposite sides of the pass line. The drive shafts comprise coaxial segments interconnected by couplings, with each roll stand being connected to a respective one of the line shaft segments. A block drive is connected to the line shafts at the upstream end of the block, and the couplings are selectively disconnectable to mechanically isolate any downstream line shaft segments and the roll stands connected thereto from the block drive.

Abstract: A differential variable gain amplifier (VGA) with constant input impedance and an adjustable one-pole filtering characteristic is provided. Each input of the VGA has a set of parallel resistors connected thereto. Except for one resistor in each set, each of the resistors of the two sets is connected to its corresponding summing junction (op-amp input), or to a corresponding resistor of the other set via a switch. Switching the resistors to their corresponding summing junction or to the corresponding resistor of the other set provides for the variable gain function, where the gain is proportional to the number of resistors connected to the summing junction. The configuration of resistors provides a constant input impedance to the VGA of R/(n+1), where R is the resistance value of the resistors.

Abstract: An apparatus for doctoring a moving surface includes a blade holder component extending longitudinally across the moving surface and carrying a doctor blade. A support component is parallel to and supports the blade holder component. A first operating mechanism rotatably urges the doctor blade in a doctoring direction into contact with the moving surface, resulting in the doctor blade being acted upon by a reactionary thrust force in the plane of the doctor blade and a reactionary rotational force in a direction opposite to the doctoring direction. A pair of mutually opposed parallel guide rails are provided on one of the components, and rotatable rollers are spaced along the length of the other of the component.

Abstract: A crystal oscillator circuit is disclosed including a differential amplifier, a positive feedback assembly, and a series resonant crystal assembly. The differential amplifier includes a first transistor and a second transistor. The positive feedback assembly is coupled to each of the first and second transistors, and has a loop gain of greater than unity. The series resonant crystal assembly is coupled to one of the first and second transistors, and includes a crystal and a capacitor.

Abstract: An adaptive equalizer provides different degrees of high frequency boosts to the received signal, while retaining a relatively constant phase shift for each boost setting. The response of the equalizer is controlled by a control circuit (e.g., a digital signal processor) to compensate for the high frequency signal attenuation primarily caused by the signal path. For example, the signal path may include a telephone line between the communications system (e.g., a modem) and the central office. The dynamic response of the equalizer is selected based upon the characteristics of the signal path which the receive signal travels along. The equalizer may receive single ended or doubled ended signals. Advantageously, the equalizer conditions the received signal to ensure efficient utilization of the dynamic range of the ADC located in the receive circuit path. The equalizer is suitable for on-chip implementation, resulting in lower cost and power consumption.

Abstract: A system for encoding and decoding information of a codeblock from a memory buffer that includes a context modeler that receives from the memory buffer the codeblock and divides the codeblock into a plurality of codesegments or decodes a codeblock worth of information from received compressed data. The codesegments includes a plurality of bits. The context modeler processes each of the codesegments individually by determining whether any of the bits need special coding information or decoding. The context modeler outputs coded bits associated with the bits that are coded with the special coding information and context information associated with the coded bits or outputs a codeblock worth of information to the memory buffer. An arithmetic coder receives the context information and coded bits and compresses the coded bits or receives compressed data and decompresses the compressed data to produce context information and coded bits.

Abstract: An interference canceling device comprising a flat phase IF narrow band BPF. A signal which has been branched from a signal on the main line is filtered by the BPF and is recombined with the signal on the main line. Phase rotation caused by frequency separation from the pass band center frequency does not occur because the phase characteristics of the BPF are substantially flat in the pass band. Thus, interference existing not only in a pin-point frequency, but over a band of frequencies can be cancelled.

Abstract: A method for producing three-dimensional bodies of a large number of mutually connected layers of a particle-shaped material such as a powder, and where the information of the appearance of each layer is achieved from a computer's CAD-unit or similar. An essentially even particle layer (7) of building material is applied on a support base (6) and on a masking device (9) is arranged a masking pattern in accordance with the information from the CAD-unit, which masking device is led over said particle layer and close to it. A radiation producer (8) is arranged or is led over the masking device (9), whereby the particles which are not covered by the masking pattern are exposed for radiation and thereby are attached to each other. The masking pattern is removed from the masking device and new sequences in accordance with the above are carried through until the three-dimensional body (19) is produced.

Abstract: A sensor includes a transducer that provides a sensed signal to a signal processing device. The signal processing device switches the operating mode as a function of frequency, such that the switching device is operated in the switched operating mode at low frequencies and in the continuous operating mode at high frequencies. In a preferred embodiment, the transducer is a Hall effect sensing device.

Abstract: A very-high-density memory device which utilizes a scintillating medium for data storage. In one mode, the device operates as a read-only-memory (ROM) unit. In another mode, the device functions as a one-time-write (OTW) and then read-only-memory unit. In an exemplary embodiment, information is read at high data rates from a rotating data-storage disk or cylinder with an electron beam and sensitive photodetector. Two methods of following the data tracks on the storage medium are provided. Masks are provided for use in patterning the data or data tracks. These masks may also be used to pattern very-high-density media for other applications such as magnetic memory and optical near-field memory. A method of patterning radially-periodic structures using interferometric lithography is also provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a circuit arrangement and to a method for creating and retrieving replacement data. The circuit arrangement has a programmed ROM, which is coupled to a patch-memory module through an address and data bus. The patch-memory module has a plurality of patch-data registers and patch-address registers, in which the addresses and replacement data are stored. The invention makes it possible that a hard-wired and thus irreversibly programmed ROM can be modified and corrected by an external circuit arrangement. For example, erroneous instructions of program sequences and data can be replaced by error correction instructions during a ROM access of the program-controlled unit. By using dedicated registers, the RAM essentially can be dispensed with for error correction, while retaining the retrieval speed.

Abstract: A variable gain amplifier system for radio frequency signals is disclosed. The system provides a relatively constant gain change in decibels responsive to an incremental change in control voltage. The system includes two or more cascaded gain stage amplifiers. Each gain stage amplifier is adjustable between a first gain setting and a second gain setting.

Abstract: An above deck unit for an AIS (automatic identification system) is externally installed on a ship. The above deck unit includes a radio circuit and an associated antenna for transmitting and receiving a message, a position detector and an associated antenna, associated controller and power supply, and a container for storing these elements. An inboard transmission path, e.g., a cable, connects the outdoor unit for the AIS and an AIS display serving as an interface means for the crew. A signal to be transmitted through the inboard transmission path is a processed, for example, an amplified signal, rather than an unprocessed output of a VHF antenna. Therefore, problems of signal loss or degradation along the inboard transmission path are unlikely to occur. Because the unit is incorporated within a single container, it can easily be installed and transferred. With this antenna complex, it is also possible to suppress interference between antennas.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of measuring the gap between one substantially planar object, such as a mask, and a second planar object, such as a substrate. The invention achieves a high degree of sensitivity, accuracy, capture range, and reliability, through a novel design of a mark located only on the mask-plate. The light is inclined to the surfaces so associated optical components do not interrupt the exposing beam used in lithography. The same optics are used as for aligning overlay. Each gapping mark on the mask-plate includes one or more two-dimensional gratings, each with period constant in the incident plane, but varying in the transverse plane. When illuminated, two images are formed of each of the two-dimensional gratings, with fringes resulting from interference between paths having traveled different distances through the gap and the mask-plate as a result of successive diffractions and reflections.

Abstract: A pulse-width-modulated DC-DC converter provides an output signal that is feedback to an error amplifier. The converter includes a comparator for comparing the output voltage of the error amplifier with the output voltage of a compensated ramp generator and having its output coupled to a switching transistor. The compensated ramp generator is designed so that the signal proportional to the current (IDrossel) through an inductor is superimposed on the ramp voltage so as to generate an output voltage having a sawtooth waveform with a concave rise.

Abstract: An air-conditioning device especially for ceiling placement with low build-in height and comprising at least one preferably vertically oriented heat exchanger, with substantially horizontal percolation of the room air and at least one ventilation channel for fresh air provided substantially parallel to and within a small distance from the heat exchanger, at its outlet side, a downwards open air chamber provided between the ventilation channel and the heat exchanger, and air nozzles provided in the channel side wall of the ventilation channel facing the air chamber, which are directed towards the outlet of the air chamber. The ventilation channel is provided with a preferably convex channel wall which diametrically extends substantially from the upper corner of the ventilation channel to the lower corner of the ventilation channel. The heat exchanger and the ventilation channel are arranged with a downwards, diverging open air space.

Abstract: A method for testing a Coriolis transducer having a mass adapted vibrate along a vibratory direction in a resonant structure and undergo a displacement along a sensitive axis, perpendicular to the vibration, in response to an angular rate about a mutually perpendicular rate sensing axis. In the absence of an angular rate about the rate sensing axis, forces, FTEST VIBRATORY and FTEST SENSITIVE are applied on the mass along the direction of vibration and along the sensitive axis, respectively, in a predetermined ratio, N. The output VOUT TEST of the transducer is measured in response to the forces, FTEST VIBRATORY and FTEST SENSITIVE.

Abstract: An amplifier circuit includes a first operational amplifier having an inverting input and a non-inverting input. The non-inverting input receives an input signal, and the inverting input is connected to a noise generating system. The amplifier circuit further includes a second operational amplifier having an inverting input and a non-inverting input. The non-inverting input of the second operational amplifier receives an input signal, and the inverting input is connected to a noise generating system. A differential in/out operational amplifier, in the amplifier circuit, has an inverting input connected to an output of the second operational amplifier and a non-inverting input connected to an output of the first operational amplifier. The noise generating system injects a narrow band noise into a differential amplifier with no insertion loss and mismatching along the signal path. The narrow band noise is obtained by amplifying thermal noise of an amplifier. The amplified thermal noise is bandwidth limited.

Abstract: A method for testing a Coriolis transducer having a mass adapted vibrate along a vibratory direction in a resonant structure and undergo a displacement along a sensitive axis, perpendicular to the vibration, in response to an angular rate about a mutually perpendicular rate sensing axis. In the absence of an angular rate about the rate sensing axis, forces, FTEST VIBRATORY and FTEST SENSITIVE, are applied on the mass along the direction of vibration and along the sensitive axis, respectively, in a predetermined ratio, N. The output VOUT TEST of the transducer is measured in response to the forces, FTEST VIBRATORY and FTEST SENSITIVE.