Abstract: An electronic transportor that allows for the resonant tunneling of electrons between guided states, such as those found in a quantum wire or a line defect in a solid, and localized states, such as those found in a quantum dot or a point defect in a solid, using lateral coupling. In some embodiments, the transporter allows electrons of different energies to be transported to different ports of associated waveguides. In other embodiments, the transportor allows electrons of different energies to be transported at different phases.

Abstract: A highly efficient channel drop filter. The filter employs a coupling element including a resonator-system between two waveguides, which contains at least two resonant modes. The resonator-system includes one or more interacting resonant cavities which in addition to being coupled to the waveguides, can also be coupled directly among themselves and indirectly among themselves via the waveguides. Each component of the coupling element can be configured or adjusted individually. The geometry and/or dielectric constant/refractive index of the resonator-system are configured so that the frequencies and decay rates of the resonant modes are made to be substantially the same. The filter can achieve 100% signal transfer between the waveguides at certain frequencies, while completely prohibiting signal transfer at other frequencies. In exemplary embodiments, the filter is configured with photonic crystals.

Abstract: This invention provides a particulate composite comprising a polyester resin, a plasticizer, and a plurality of cenospheres. The polyester resin and the plasticizer form a matrix wherein the cenospsheres are distributed nonhomogeneously in the matrix. The nonhomogenous distribution of cenospheres further comprises a continuously varying particle volume fraction along a single dimension.

Abstract: A digital radio tuner signal estimator receives a digitized in-phase (I) data signal and a digitized quadrature (Q) data signal and provides an estimated amplitude gain signal and an estimated signal-to-noise ratio signal value. The signal estimator includes a symmetrical matched I data digital filter having a first I filter section that filters the received I data signal and provides a first I data signal, and a second I filter section that filters the I data signal and provides a second I data signal. The signal estimator also includes a symmetrical matched Q data digital filter having a first Q filter section that filters the received Q data signal and provides a first Q data signal, and a second Q filter section that filters the Q data signal and provides a second Q data signal. The first and second I data signals and the first and second Q data signals are processed to compute an estimated amplitude gain.

Abstract: An electret microphone circuit including an electret microphone having a field effect transistor (FET) with a gate coupled to an electret diaphragm, a drain coupled to provide audio frequency output to an audio output node, a source terminal coupled to ground, and an amplifier stage with an RLC circuit coupled to the drain for configuring the audio frequency output to desired characteristics and for obtaining microphone bias from the output node. The amplifier stage can comprise discrete transistors or integrated operational amplifiers. In another embodiment of the invention there is provided a transistor with a drain coupled to provide audio frequency output to an audio output node and for obtaining microphone bias am from said output node, a source terminal coupled to the microphone housing, and an NPN transistor current mirror stage with an RC or RLC circuit coupled to the source for configuring the audio frequency output to desired characteristics.

Abstract: A method for reducing DC offset from a receiver signal. The method includes jointly (i.e., simultaneously) estimating such DC offset and channel impulse response, and reducing the DC offset in accordance with the estimated DC offset and the estimate of the channel impulse response.

Abstract: A positive displacement single expansion steam expander engine. Cylinder heads are fixed to the wall of the engine. A rotatable power shaft assembly has a plurality of nests. Received in each of the nests is a free-floating piston (nonengaged) having lobes which allows free movement of the pistons in the nests.

Abstract: In integrators which integrate the analog photocurrent of a photodiode (PD), the amplification-bandwidth product is relatively small on account of the parallel parasitic capacitance (Cp) of the photodiode (PD). However, in a design with a switched capacitor (C1), the bandwidth and at the same time the DC amplification must be large, so as to assure the integrator function even at low frequencies. So as to fulfill both of these mutually contradictory requirements for large bandwidth and high DC amplification, a reference voltage (V1) is present at a voltage divider that includes a resistor (R2) and a circuit section (R1) connected in series thereto, as well as at the photodiode (PD). The connection point of the voltage divider is connected to the inverting input of the transconductance amplifier (V). In a preferred embodiment, the circuit section (R1) is realized as a switched capacitor (C1), and the resistance (R2) is realized as an MOS transistor (T1).

Abstract: A circuit used for testing an integrated circuit including a chop circuit. A source of a test signal coupled to a first pair of pins of the integrated circuit. A test signal measuring device to measure the test signal coupled to a second pair of pins of the integrated circuit. A chop circuit controller produces a control signal and for feeding such control to the chop circuit and the test signal measuring device. In response to the control signal, the chop circuit couples the first pair of pins to the second pair of pins with a first polarity during a first period of time and couples the first pair of pins to the second pair of pins with an opposite polarity during a second period of time.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cutting device for cutting straw and similar material into pieces, of the type which comprises a driven shaft (11) kept in a housing (21), where said shaft (11) is provided with longitudinally proceeding rows (1-6) of knife attachments for knives (15), which extends radially from the shaft and are provided with cutting edges. Said knives (15), under operation pass between a row of counter knives (19) directed towards said shaft and preferably provided with cutting edges in the same way, whereby the straw material to be cut is fed towards said counter arms (9). The number of rows (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) with knife attachment (14) are at least six. The distances between three knife attachments in a longitudinally proceeding row, have a proportion of 4:4:5 of a repeating unit, where the arms (4,5) in a rotation round at least forms two screw lines.

Abstract: A nonwoven battery separator which comprises a nonwoven, the nonwoven formed from a plurality of fibers and at least one high solubility parameter polymer, which polymer forms an encapsulation sheath around the fibers. The encapsulation sheath optionally has pores of about one micron or less and the separator is characterized in that it has a surface pore size of at least five microns.

Abstract: An automatic portable ambulant miniaturized system for applying pneumatic pressure to a body limb including a portable ambulant hand-held fluid source unit, a conduit for delivering fluid generated by the unit, and a sleeve coupled to the conduit and adapted to envelop a body limb. The sleeve contains one or more individually inflatable cells, each cell being subdivided into two or more longitudinally extending confluent compartments along the axis of the body limb. The compartments are inflated and deflated essentially simultaneously by the portable fluid source unit.

Abstract: An integrated circuit for decoding an analog audio signal includes a tuner that receives the analog audio signal and provides a sound intercarrier frequency signal. A digital demodulator receives and digitizes the sound intercarrier frequency signal to provide a digitized sound intercarrier frequency signal, and digitally demodulates the digitized sound intercarrier frequency signal to provide a digitized multichannel television sound (MTS) demodulated signal. A digital broadcast television system committee (BTSC) compatible decoder receives and decodes the digitized multichannel television sound (MTS) demodulated signal, and provides a summed (L+R) audio output signal and a difference (L−R) audio output signal.

Abstract: A method for annealing and galvanizing wires which comprises induction heating the wires in a first chamber at a first higher temperature to anneal the wires, cooling the wires to a second lower temperature in a second chamber and galvanizing the wires in a third chamber. The chambers are in serial communication and the heating, cooling and galvanizing steps are effected in an oxygen free atmosphere.

Abstract: A folding sawhorse of the type comprising two trestle like frames that are hingedly connected at their tops. The shelf is hingedly attached to a lower strut of one frame and slidably attached to the legs of the opposite frame. The slidable attachment is by means of pairs of pins that are secured to one end of the pivoting shelf and are also yoked to longitudinal ridges that are in the legs of the opposite frame. To open the sawhorse from its closed, storage position, the frames are spread apart slightly, thereby allowing gravity to pull the shelf downwardly and concurrently causing the frames to spread outwardly to their open, working position. The sawhorse will stay in this locked open position without any additional latching mechanisms until the close procedure is initiated.

Abstract: A feed-forward amplifier and a controller thereof. Two types of second pilot signals, sum frequency and difference frequency of a base pilot signal and a local oscillation signal, are generated by an injection-side mixer and injected into a distortion detection loop. Part of a signal appearing at an output terminal is branched, converted in frequency by a detection-side mixer using the local oscillation signal, filtered by a narrow-band filter, input to a synchronizing detector with the filtered output of the filter as error signals, and synchronizing detected with reference to the base pilot signal so as to generate control signals for a distortion rejection loop. The spectrums of the second pilot signals may be spread. A process to cancel the input signal component at the detection side may be performed. A simple circuit configuration enhances the distortion component rejection and suppression effect and shortens the time required until an optimum control state is established.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a load carrier for motor vehicles, which load carrier is designed to be attached to a tow bar device mounted at the rear of the vehicle and which is equipped with additional, electrical lights supplementing the original lights of the vehicle, said load carrier arranged to be at least partly moveable to an aside open position in order to allow opening of a rear door on the vehicle. The novel features are that the opening position may be assumed with the aid of an electric motor (10), that the engine current supply is obtained from one of the pins of the regular switch of the tow bar device of the vehicle, and that its transmission is reversible by means of an electric reversing device.

Abstract: A circuit for biasing an FET, comparing a gate bias voltage of the FET with a reference voltage at an operational amplifier and performing closed-loop control on the gate bias voltage of the FET with the output of the operational amplifier. The temperature characteristics of the mutual conductance of the FET is compensated by setting the temperature characteristics of one or both of two voltage dividing resistors. Variations in a drain bias current due to input signal level and temperature changes can be suppressed. The circuit at the gate and the circuit at the drain are separate, making possible class A, class AB, and class B operations. The voltage drop at the gate resistor can be ignored so that the gate resistor can be designed with priority given to stability of the RF characteristics.

Abstract: A current compensation circuit for an amplifier, for example an operational amplifier, having input and output stages coupled at a high-impedance node, compensates for any modulation of current occurring at the high-impedance node. Particularly, the compensation circuit of the present invention reduces the error current at the high-impedance node resulting from a mismatch in beta between PNP and NPN transistors in the output stage, and reduces any error current resulting from the Early voltage effects of transistors in the output stage. In this manner, the present invention serves to substantially isolate the amplifier input stage from the output load, and from any beta mismatch or Early voltage effects in the transistors of the output stage, resulting in greatly improved open-loop gain.

Abstract: The invention relates to a load-bearing vehicle structure of composite material, and a method for moulding such a load-bearing vehicle structure. The invention concerns the fields of fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites, sandwich structures and compression moulding. The load-bearing vehicle structure (1) according to the invention comprises first (2) and second (3) surface materials with reinforcement fibers and one or several intermediate pieces of core material (4, 5, 6, 7) which are arranged in pattern adapted to a load-bearing material structure, and is characterized in that the surface materials and/or the core material comprise(s) thermoplastic material, and that the first surface material is attached by means of thermal bonds to first faces of the piece or pieces of core material and that the second surface material is attached by means of thermal bonds to second, opposing faces of the piece or pieces of core material.