Abstract: A method and apparatus for ion beam generation in which acceleration of an ion beam in a first accelerating tube to a high voltage terminal, followed by transport of the beam through the terminal without significant charge changing, and deceleration of the beam substantially to ground potential in a second accelerating tube. Since the terminal is maintained at high voltage, the beam optical characteristics between the ion source and the terminal are identical to those of normal tandem operation. The optical elements of the injector and accelerator beamline can therefore be adjusted to produce an focused beam envelope in the high voltage terminal, allowing the beam to propagate efficiently through an empty stripper canal. Since the beam, does not undergo a charge change in the terminal, it is decelerated in the second tandem accelerating tube. Since the beam propagates through the accelerator at energies higher than the injection energy, expansion of the beam due to space charge and emittance is reduced.

Abstract: Optical resonators are vertically coupled on top of bus waveguides, and are separated from the waveguides by a buffer layer of arbitrary thickness. The vertical arrangement eliminates the need for etching fine gaps to separate the rings and guides, and reduces the alignment sensitivity between the desired position of the resonator and bus waveguides by a significant degree. The resonator and bus waveguides lie in different vertical layers, and each can therefore be optimized independently. A ring resonator can be optimized for higher index contrast in the plane, small size, and low bending loss, while the bus waveguides can be designed to have lower index contrast in the plane, low propagation losses, and dimensions that make them suitable for matching to optical fibers. The waveguides can also have any lateral placement underneath the ring resonators and are not restricted by the placement of the rings.

Abstract: An amplifier has a first amplifier stage with a first input terminal to which an input signal is applied and with an output terminal that is connected to an input terminal of a second amplifier stage located downstream. The second amplifier stage provides an output signal that is fed back to a second input terminal of the first amplifier stage through a feedback path, which preferably contains a passive network. The amplification of this combination of the first and second amplifier stages with feedback depends essentially on the parameters of the network in the feedback path. The amplifier according to the invention also has a noise source that is connected in parallel with the first amplifier stage, and is also connected to the input terminal of the second amplifier stage. The level of a signal component at the output of the second amplifier stage depends on the parameters of the network in the feedback branch and the amplification of the first amplifier stage.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for receiving a helical formation of rings of hot rolled steel rod emerging from a laying head, and for depositing the rings on a conveyor for continued transport away from the laying head. The apparatus operates to engage and propel lower portions of the rings towards the conveyor at a first rate of travel, while engaging and propelling upper portions of the rings towards the conveyor at a second rate of travel. The first and second rates of travel are different and selected to cause the rings to topple onto the conveyor in an overlapping offset pattern.

Abstract: A digital radio tuner lock detector receives an in-phase (I) data signal and a quadrature (Q) data signal. The lock detector processes these signals to compute a data signal power estimate and integrates the data signal power estimate to provide a threshold signal value. The lock detector also includes a carrier frequency lock detector and a carrier phase lock detector. The carrier frequency lock detector receives the I and Q data signals and computes a frequency error signal and integrates the frequency error signal to provide an integrated frequency error signal. The carrier frequency lock detector compares the magnitude of the integrated frequency error signal to the threshold signal value to determine if frequency lock has been achieved and provides a frequency lock status signal indicative thereof. The carrier phase lock detector receives the I and Q data signals and computes a phase error signal and integrates the phase error signal to provide an integrated phase error signal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fuel tank (1) for heavy vehicles, said fuel tank being adapted for mounting to a vehicle frame (2) by means of at least one supporting bracket (3) which discloses a partly circular contact surface (4) against said fuel tank, wherein the tank (1) comprises two end gable sections (5, 6) and an essentially cylindrical casing section (7) which extends between said end gable sections. The invention is in particular characterized in that the fuel tank (1) comprises a first section (8) which is partly circular and faces towards the vehicle frame (2) and is adapted for bearing against said partly circular contact surface (4) on the supporting bracket (3), and a second section (9) which is essentially rectangular and faces away from the vehicle frame (2).

Abstract: A &pgr;/4 DQPSK modulator includes a rotated and offset &pgr;/4 encoder that provides encoded I, Q constellation indices values using positive integers. The positive integer I and Q values are input to a digital filter that provides filtered I, Q constellation indices values. These filtered values are then rotated and offset back to conventional &pgr;/4 DQPSK constellation values, modulated and transmitted. Since the rotated and offset &pgr;/4 encoder provides I, Q constellation indices as positive integers, the filters are implemented as multiplierless digital filters which significantly reduces the complexity of the filters. Specifically, the multiplierless digital filters can be implemented using shift registers and summers. In a preferred embodiment the filters are programmable. In addition, using positive integers to represent the rotated and offset &pgr;/4 signalling constellation indices allows the indices to be represented as a binary value with less bits in contrast to prior art systems.

Abstract: An operational amplifier having two differential input stages. A first one of the stages comprises a pair of first input transistors and another one of such stages comprises a pair of second input transistors. The second input transistors are complementary in type to the first input transistors. A comparator is fed by a sense signal and a reference signal, such sense signal being related to at least one of a non-inverting and an inverting input signal fed to the operational amplifier. The comparator produces a control signal in accordance with a difference between the sense signal and the reference signal. A switching network is responsive to the control signal and couples an output of either the first one of the stages or the second one of the stages to an output of the operational amplifier selectively in accordance with the control signal.

Abstract: First and second clocked digital sources are provided in each of two data paths, and are clocked by respective direct and complementary clock pulses. The clocked outputs of these devices are directed to a multiplexer where the inter-leaved data path signals are recombined into a single output line. This multiplexer includes clocked transmission gates, the clock signals for which are shifted in time by 90° from the clock signals applied to the originating signal sources. The result is that additional time is made available for sampling the digital signals applied to the multiplexer.

Abstract: Strips of field emitters arranged in rows overlap grid electrodes when viewed in the viewing direction to define pixel dots. Scanning electrical voltages are applied to the rows of field emitters to perform scanning and data potentials are applied to the grid electrodes to control the brightness of the display. Potentials applied to the grid electrodes also focus the electrons from the field emitters. A metal mesh with grid electrodes fabricated thereon to form an integrated structure greatly simplifies the manufacture of the display.

Abstract: A rim made of glass or ceramic material is attached to an alloy sheet with through holes therein at an elevated temperature. Voltages applied to the sheet may be used for focusing electrons passing there through onto a phosphor layer for displaying images. An optional insulating layer is formed on the sheet and optional grid electrodes are formed on the insulating layer for addressing and focusing. Upon cooling, the rim maintains the alloy sheet in tension. Holes in the alloy sheet and the grid electrodes are therefore maintained in proper alignment with cathodes and pixel dots despite temperature variations. The rim also forms a portion of the side wall of the display device, so that once the rim has been aligned with and attached to a cathode plate and face plate, the accurate alignment process has been completed and the assembly of the device is much simplified.

Abstract: A first substrate has a plurality of bumps and a second substrate has a plurality of openings at positions in registration with the plurality of bumps when the first and second substrates are placed one on top of the other in a confronting manner. The first and second substrates are put together by fusing a sealing wall formed on the second substrate, to hermetically seal an electronic device lying on the first substrate therein. Gas that may be generated upon fusing of the sealing wall can be effectively removed through the openings in the second substrate.

Abstract: An implantable device for lengthening and correcting malpositions of skeletal bones, which device has an elongate shape comprising a first end, a second end, a length dimension and a cross-sectional dimension. The device further comprises a lengthening body for bringing the first and second ends into displacement from each other to a predetermined distance between each other after an activation. Thereby, the lengthening body comprises an absorbent body, which is arranged for bringing the first and second ends to the predetermined distance by means of a controlled swelling after the activation, while the length dimension increases more than the cross-sectional dimension. The implantable device can advantageously be implemented for lengthening and also for correcting rotational and angular malpositions of skeletal bones, for example in connection with stabilizing fractures, post-traumatic bone defects, bone shortenings, malpositions, congenital malformations, and bone defects after tumor surgery.

Abstract: An exterior autobody part of reinforced plastic intended to be mounted on a motor vehicle. The expression “exterior autobody part” refers to the autobody part being entirely or partly visible when the motor vehicle is viewed from the outside. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method and an arrangement for forming such an exterior autobody part. The exterior autobody part according to the invention comprises a number of functional layers, including load-bearing layer(s) and surface layer(s), intended to provide the properties which are required for the application, and is characterized in that load-bearing layers comprise(s) fiber-reinforced thermoplastic which forms internal cavities and/or that one or several recesses has/have been created in surface layers and load-bearing layers and that surface layers and load-bearing layers together with cavities and/or recesses thereby provide a load-bearing material structure.

Abstract: A plug connector with a hollow, cylindrical, metallic housing (1), within which is centrically disposed an inside contact pin (8, 9, 10) extending at least approximately over the entire axial length of the housing (1). In order to make contact with the reciprocal plug connector, the inside contact pin (8, 9, 10) is accessible at a first front side of the housing (1). The first front side is open toward the plug side of the plug connector, such that a latch interlock (6, 7) and a contact basket (5), which extends out of the open front side of the housing (1) and which is rotatably mounted about the longitudinal axis of the housing (1), are disposed co-axially with the inside contact pin (8, 9, 10). The contact basket (5) makes permanent electrical contact with the metallic housing.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a clamping joint for joining a ramification line (15) to an anchoring wire (13), comprising a clamping mechanism comprising two halves (18) split in the longitudinal direction of the wire, which clamping mechanism clamps around the wire via one in each half provided wire channel half (20), whereby the wire channel (20) formed by the two halves is such dimensioned that it is in a position mounted around the wire (13) provides an interspace which is filled by a deformable insert (21) provided in said interspace for locking the clamping mechanism with regard to rotation around the wire, and that the clamping mechanism is provided with a sliding surface for a shackle (24) being arranged around the clamping mechanism which shackle forms a fastening point for a ramification line (15).

Abstract: A direct-digital synthesizer for generating a waveform includes a digital accumulator fed by a phase increment word and a series of clock pulses for successively adding the phase increment word to produce a series of N bit phase words. A table or trigonometric engine produces sine and cosine digital signals related to the M most significant bits of the phase word produced by the accumulator. A feedback loop is fed by truncation error words comprising at least a portion of N-M least significant bits of the N bit phase words producing truncation error compensation words. The feedback loop includes a digital filter. The feedback loop includes a digital filter. The feedback loop including the digital filter provides a low pass truncation error response to the truncation error having at least one zero in the transfer function thereof at DC.

Abstract: An x-ray inspection system for automatically detecting nuclear weapons materials generates a high energy x-ray fan beam or a traveling x-ray pencil beam that traverses an object under inspection. An x-ray detector detects x-ray energy that passes through the object and provides a detected signal indicative thereof. The detected signal is processed to detect the presence of an area of very high x-ray attenuation within the object under inspection, which is indicative of nuclear weapons materials. Because of the high atomic number (Z) and high density of nuclear weapons materials Uranium and Plutonium, both of these materials attenuate (i.e., absorb) incident x-rays significantly more than ordinary materials. That is, very high Z materials such as nuclear weapons materials, produce no x-rays outside of their block of material because the x-rays are self absorbed within the very high Z materials.

Abstract: The present invention refers to a method to control the speed of a vehicle by means of a cruise control device, essentially by arranging the cruise control device in at least one of: a cruise control state (13), in which the speed of the vehicle is controlled preferably with regard to a selected constant speed (Vdet), a retardation state (14), in which the speed of the vehicle (Vcurr) is controlled towards a determined constant speed (Vdet), an acceleration state (15), in which the speed alteration is achieved preferably manually, an inactive state (16), in which the system is temporary or permanently switched off, and a distance control state (17), in which substantially a distance of the vehicle to a vehicle ahead is controlled. The method further comprises the step of arranging the cruise control in a temporary state (18), in which a speed (Vcurr) at transition time to this state is maintained.

Abstract: A direct conversion receiver having a homodyning section fed by a received radio frequency signal having a carrier frequency and reference signal having the carrier frequency; and a filter coupled to the monodyning section. The filter includes a plurality of serially coupled high pass filter stages. The high pass filter section acts as a DC offset correction loop that eliminates the serial effect of many amplifier sections on DC offsets arising within components, while maintaining a sufficiently low cutoff frequency to avoid adversely impacting information integrity at higher frequencies. The high pass filter sections also enable the integration of the needed capacitors, thus minimizing external components and connections. Each filter stage includes an amplifier and a low pass filter coupled in a negative feedback arrangement with the amplifier. Each low pass filter is adapted to have the cutoff frequency thereof switch from an initial high cutoff frequency to a subsequent lower cutoff frequency.