Abstract: The invention relates to a novel filtering circuit whereby a phase detected output control signal is filtered and utilized to provide greater stability in a phase-locked loop. The filtering circuit is placed in the connecting path between a phase detector and an oscillator; the oscillator supplies output signals, having a repetition rate which depends on the instantaneous values of the filtered control signal. The filtering circuit comprises an adder which adds the phase detected control signal to a signal corresponding to the preceding filtered control signal multiplied by a constant factor which is less than unity (<1).

Abstract: A PBX exchange for teleprinters in which certain protected lines have the facility of direct connection to the main connection lines of the network, when the PBX exchange breaks down. Impermissible connections are avoided during the interruption and during the connection of the PBX exchange to the system by a circuit arrangement responsive to the respective switch on and switch off signals signalling corresponding operations of the exchange.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement for facilitating the transmission of asynchronously occurring binary data values is described. According to prior art systems, each binary value change is assigned a multibit pulse group by means of channel units. These channel units require considerable technical complexity if a great many data sources are present. It is the principal object of the invention to replace the channel units by a centralized device. In accordance with the teachings of the invention, there are provided at the transmit and receive ends centralized coarse and fine time slot Raster counters and bit transition discriminators which process the pulse messages of all channels.

Abstract: A trailer for transporting large machinery such as farm combines and the like. The trailer comprises a main or center portion flanked laterally by side portions, each side portion comprising a plurality of outwardly telescoping sections which form runways to receive the wheels of the machinery. The trailer wheels and towing gear are attached to the main portion. The side sections are extendable to accommodate equipment having a wide wheel-span. Each of the three side sections on each side, can be separately extended or retracted by a single person. An alignment system is provided to facilitate alignment of the three sections. A chain limits the outward extension of the side sections. Locking pins hold the side sections in their inner positions.

Abstract: A numerical control system for machining centers, having a RAM and two groups of peripheral units, comprises two proessors interconnected by means of a common signal bus and adapted to operate simultaneously sharing access automatically to the RAM and to the peripheral units.One of the two processors is specialized for executing the computations relating to the interpolation of the path of the center of the tool with respect to the workpiece to be machined, while the second processor is specialized in control of the said peripherals. One group of peripherals comprises input and output means for data and programs and another group comprises a series of units for measuring and controlling the movement of the said tool and the said workpiece. The said processors are connected to the said memory and to the said input and output means by means of one signal bus, the measuring and control units are interconnected by means of a second signal bus connected to the first bus through a bidirectional interface.

Abstract: Apparatus for converting analog to digital signals and vice versa is described wherein a storage capacitor provided at an input of a codec operating in accordance with the iterative method and designed for receiving analog signals to be converted into digital signals is further connected either to a constant current generator or to the digital-to-analog converter of the codec for a period during which a voltage may be applied to the capacitor which correponds to a digital signal that is to be converted into an analog signal and that has been applied to the digital-to-analog converter. A two-wire circuit transmitting analog signals in both directions of transmission is connected to the storage capacitor. The resonance-exchange-of-charge method is used for the transmission of the analog signals.

Abstract: A transducer for measuring linear positions comprises a scale formed of a tensioned flexible band and a slide movable with respect to the scale. A rigid guide plate fast with the slide extends over the whole area of the slide winding and cooperates with a resilient plate having guide lugs at each end of the guide plate and so bent as to have lips bearing against two edges of the band. A leaf spring element on the resilient plate urges the lips against the side of the band opposite to the plate.

Abstract: Separation of glass from waste material by high tension techniques. The waste is sized to a range from 1/8 to 1 1/2 inches, dried to a moisture content less than 2%, air classified to remove low bulk density material, and subjected to magnetic separation to remove ferrous metal. The waste is then fed to the top of a rotating grounded drum and subjected successively to ion bombardment from corona discharge electrodes and to an electrostatic field from a static electrode. The glass remains pinned to the roll while other materials come off in the static field.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement is described wherein the pulse repetition frequency of a signal is digitally controlled in dependence on the pulse repetition frequency of a controlling signal. A presettable digital counter functioning as a frequency divider operates between preset initial and end counts and is reset to the initial value each time the end value is reached; the initial and end values are set responsive to binary signals applied to control inputs of the counter. A bistable trigger stage assumes either an idle or an operative state in dependence on the value of a control signal derived from the controlling pulse repetition frequency and a timing signal. The trigger stage output is used to control either the setting of the afore-mentioned initial value or the end value to produce either too high or too low values for the pulse repetition frequency of the controlled signal.

Abstract: A property protection alarm system is disclosed for protecting property against unauthorized intrusion and the like. The alarm system includes a numeric key board and a code combination logic circuit for arming an alarm energization circuit in response to the proper entry of a predetermined numeric code in the numeric keyboard. This predetermined code must be entered within a given period of time determined by the code combination logic circuit. In addition, the numeric key associated with the last digit of the predetermined code must be depressed for a given period of time as also determined by the code combination logic circuit. An exit delay circuit is connected to the output of the code combination logic circuit for delaying the arming of the alarm energization circuit in order to permit an authorized operator to leave the property without energizing the alarm. The alarm energization circuit is connected to a sensing circuit for sensing any intrusion of the property.

Abstract: A titanium chelate being the reaction product of ethylene glycol titanate, propylene glycol titanate, diethylene glycol titanate or hexylene glycol titanate and lactic acid, alpha-hydroxy-butyric acid, citric acid or glyceric acid. The chelates are particularly useful for gelling hydroxyl polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol in the form of solutions.

Abstract: An electronic desk-top accounting machine is adapted to operate in the usual programmed mode as well as in a manual mode as an arithmetic calculator. It comprises a keyboard for entering numeric data and operative commands, a printing unit, a programming unit and an electronic data processing unit. A working memory contains data and processing results arising during execution of the accounting program. There are provided a selector switch for selecting the operating mode, programmed or manual, and a preserving memory. The execution of the accounting program can be interrupted, upon actuation of the selector switch, for enabling the use as an arithmetic calculator, while the content of the working memory is transferred into the preserving memory. The execution of the program can be resumed upon request and will take place from the data and processing results present in the working memory on the interruption of the execution of the program.

Abstract: A communication system is disclosed for transmitting digital information between a central station and a large number of remote stations. Digital information is identified by the relationship between a simple pulse marking signal and a time reference signal which is common to all stations, that is, the time reference signal synchronizes the operation of all the stations. The relationship of the marking signal, which does not in itself carry any digital information, to the time reference signal is initially determined by the content of the digital information. Thus, this digital information can only be subsequently determined by evaluating the relationship between the marking signal and the time reference signal. In this communication system, digital radio wave transmission is used to transmit marking signals between stations and the power lines of a power distribution system are used as the source of the time reference signal.

Abstract: Apparatus for a telecommunication system having subscriber stations constructed to send and receive analog signals which are communicated from one station to the other by means of digital signals is described. Each subscriber station is equipped with a converter for converting received digital signals into analog signals and analog signals into digital signals for transmission. The converter circuit employs an analog to digital converter constructed to work according to the iterative principle and including a binary counter and a buffer register, the stages of which are enabled, respectively, by predetermined counter stage outputs. A digital to analog converter is connected to receive the outputs of the bistable stages forming the buffer register.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for a telecommunication installation is disclosed for converting PAM analog signals into PCM digital signals and vice versa. A conversion circuit which is connected to a telephone station comprises an input register for temporarily storing the incoming PCM digital signals and an output register for temporarily storing the outgoing PCM digital signals. This conversion circuit includes a clock pulse generator which enables a counter to count through all its counter positions upon the appearance of each channel time slot pulse of the incoming PCM channel time slot pulse train. The input register and counter are connected to an intermediate register which in turn is connected to a digital-to-analog converter for converting the incoming PCM digital signal into an analog signal. This analog signal is sent to the receiving unit of the telephone station in a first time interval of the counter.

Abstract: Pelletizing damp gypsum to render the gypsum easily calcinable by a process in which the damp gypsum is agitated, and when moisture is observed at the surface of the forming pellets a dry powdered compound of calcium is added until the forming pellets are coated with the powdered compound to become free-flowing.

Abstract: A bread product which has superior nutritional characteristics regarding protein and roughage content and which exhibits a significant caloric reduction over standard white bread.

Abstract: Veneer production from softwood logs is improved by adding at least about 0.003% of urea to the hot water soaking vats prior to peeling the veneer from the logs. Enhanced results are achieved when urea is added together with a base such as sodium hydroxide.

Abstract: This is a method and an apparatus for performing said method, for the conversion of thermal energy into mechanical or electrical energy by means of an exchange of temperature between two water sources having a temperature differential, and utilizing a compressible fluid to be alternately compressed and expanded by the use of the thermal differential, with the flow imparted to the compressible fluid utilized through an improved positive displacement rotary valve and a motor wherein the motor is operated by hydraulic cylinders alternately pressurized and depressurized and connected between a pair of canted discs.

Abstract: Instead of the usual glass case the heating element and thermostat of a submersible thermostatically controlled heater are disposed in separate cases made of metal and plastics respectively which are secured together in liquid-tight manner with the heating element connected through the thermostat to an external source of operating current and the metal case for the heating element connected to earth.