Abstract: A long life high current density cathode is made from a mixture of tungsten nd iridium powders using a bariumaluminoiridiate as the impregnant.

Abstract: A microstrip resonance isolator is provided comprising a dielectric waveguide element which is mounted on the top surface of a length of microstrip transmission line dielectric substrate having an electrically conductive ground plane on the bottom surface of the substrate. The waveguide element has a rectangular rod-shaped central section and two oppositely-inclined ramp-shaped sections at the ends of the central section. The dielectric constant of the waveguide element is substantially more than the dielectric constant of the microstrip transmission substrate. A microstrip conductor is provided on the top surface of the substrate from one end thereof to the other end thereof and passes over the top surface of the dielectric waveguide element. A thin, rectangular substrate of hexagonal, grain-oriented ferrite material is mounted on one side of the waveguide element between the ramp-shaped end sections.

Abstract: A SAW dispersive delay device comprises a high-coupling piezoelectric substrate such as lithium niobate, an input and an output metallic transducer deposited on the piezoelectric substrate, and a pair of coextensive metallic reflective arrays deposited on the same substrate and respectively aligned with the transducers. The arrays comprise a number of "shorted" and "open" reflectors which are alternately interleaved. The reflectors are inclined substantially 45.degree. with respect to the aligned tranducer propagation direction. The periodicity of the reflectors varies along the length of each reflective array so that different frequencies are reflected at different locations along each array to thereby provide a different delay path. The periodicity variation is the same in the two arrays. The periodicity of these reflectors varys in a manner consistent with a prescribed dispersion characteristic.

Abstract: A layer of metal is deposited on a mask substrate and then covered with a layer of positive electron resist. A delineation of the peripheral boundaries of the desired mask geometry is carried out by means of a direct-write electron beam. Development and etching steps serve to remove the positive resist and the underlying metal in the beam-exposed peripheral boundaries. The mask is then raster scanned with a low intensity beam until a boundary is detected and then the beam intensity is increased significantly to a level sufficient to expose the positive resist. The scan and exposure continue until the mating peripheral boundary is detected and then the beam is rapidly decreased in intensity to its former low intensity level. The substrate is next developed to remove the positive resist subjected to the increased exposure-level beam intensity; and, the metal underlying this positive resist is then etched away.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell is provided including lithium as the anode, non-stoichiometric V.sub.6 O.sub.13 as the cathode, and a solution of a lithium salt in a mixed organic solvent of a non-aqueous aprotic solvent and a dialkyl carbonate as the electrolyte.

Abstract: A phase scan antenna array for planar radar scanning in a single plane with pencil-shaped beam is provided comprising a plurality of ferrite rod line source antennas. Each rod antenna has a plurality of beam-emitting slots spaced along one side thereof and is end fed in phase with the other antennas from a single hollow metallic waveguide by means of coupling slots in the waveguide which are spaced apart one wavelength of the radar frequency. The rods are mounted in a two-dimensional columnar array with the beam-emitting slots of each rod aligned in rows with the corresponding slots of the other rods by a mounting member having a plurality of mutually-parallel slots in which the rods are disposed. The walls of the mounting member slots suppress Faraday rotation of the waves in the rods and the bottom of the slots enhance the single beam emitted from the face of the array.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the contactless, non-destructive measurement of Hall coefficient and resistivity of a piezoelectric semiconductor sample. The material to be tested is formed in a disk which is supported at its edge by a holder. The disc is free to vibrate. Two pairs of electrodes, placed above and below the sample, excite the sample into and beyond piezoelectric resonance. Then a magnetic field is applied to the sample and the sample again driven into and beyond resonance. Comparison between the performance of the disk before and after application of the magnetic field yields data from which Hall coefficient can be determined.

Abstract: A fully distributed, disposable, self-organizing, independently powered communications system is described capable of providing a radio-communications channel in environments that may prove dangerous or inacessible to humans and may be hostile to communications systems by exposing them to electromagnetic interference, obstacles to line-of-sight operation and threats to survival.

Abstract: A crystal oscillator in a bridge circuit coupled to a differential amplifier. Coordinated adjustment of one or two arms of the bridge permits pulling of the crystal's operating frequency both above and below its series resonant frequency.

Abstract: A narrow, high energy, electron beam is caused to impinge upon an integrated circuit. The accelerating voltage of the electron beam is increased until the electrons have just enough energy to penetrate through the thickness of the passivation layer (SiO.sub.2). The accelerating voltage is then increased a predetermined amount (3-5 KeV) above the voltage required for passivation layer penetration. The transmitted electrons interact with the sublayer of film material (Al) to generate distinct X-rays. The increased-intensity electron beam is x/y or raster scanned over the area of interest of the IC chip. The X-ray intensities generated during the raster scan are detected and stored (e.g., in a RAM). After a complete scan of the area of interest, the X-ray intensities are read out of store and visually displayed on a CRT. Through correlation of measured and predicted X-ray intensities, a scanning thickness mapping is available for display/quantitative analysis of the thickness profile of a passivation layer.

Abstract: A switchable dielectric waveguide circulator is provided for millimeter wave frequency applications comprising a ferrite right prism having two polygonal prism bases and at least three lateral prism faces. A control wire is threaded through a number of bores formed in the prism in a plane between the bases. Each of the bores is spaced a distance from a different one of the apices of the prism so that a control current passing through the control wire creates a circular magnetic field about each bore which combine to form a resultant magnetic field between the prism bases which cause the prism faces to act as circulator ports. The rotational direction of circulator coupling action is reversed by reversing the direction of the control current. Both Y-junction and T-junction circulator configurations are shown.

Abstract: An improved manufacturing technique for producing a certain class of Surf Acoustic Wave (SAW) devices, namely those having input and output transducers in close proximity. A much higher manufacturing yield results from eliminating the cutting of a slot in the substrate between input and output transducers as formerly done. This frequently destructive step is replaced by ion-milling of a deep groove between the ports and backfilling with a metal of proper configuration to provide elecromagnetic shielding. The technique produces a new device that is at least equal to the prior art in rejection of unwanted couplings between input and output.

Abstract: The orientation of a moving platform with respect to a magnetic field is determined by rotating a 3-component vector magnetometer mounted on the platform about at least two axes in the magnetic field. Changes in the signals from the magnetometer are monitored, and the direction of the magnetic field relative to the platform is computed from the signal changes. It is not necessary to know the DC bias of each magnetometer channel or the component of the background magnetic field along each axis of the magnetometer.

Abstract: A cathode suitable for use in a lithium electrochemical cell is made from a ixture of active cathode material, carbon, and non fluorinated linear chain polymer by a method including the steps of(A) dissolving the non fluorinated linear chain polymer in a non polar solvent at a temperature near the melting point of the polymer,(B) adding the active cathode material and carbon and evaporating the solvent, and(C) grinding the dried mixture into a fine powder and making it into a cathode by pressing the powdered mixture onto both sides of an expanded metal screen and then cutting to the desired dimensions.The cathode can be combined with lithium as the anode and a solution of 0.8 mol dm.sup.-3 LiAlCl.sub.4 in a mixed organic solvent of 24 mass percent 4-butyrolactone in 1,2 dimethoxyethane as the electrolyte to provide a mechanically stable, relatively inexpensive lithium electrochemical cell having good cell performance.

Abstract: Fused Quartz is chemically polished by lapping the fused quartz surface to bout 3 microns, thoroughly cleaning the lapped fused quartz, treating the lapped fused quartz with an etchant at high pressure in a high pressure vessel while agitating to circulate the etchant and maintaining a uniform temperature throughout the etchant, cooling the vessel, removing the fused quartz, rinsing thoroughly with water and spinning dry.

Abstract: Dislocation and etch channel-free quartz resonator blanks are made from a cultured quartz stone by visualizing the dislocation-free areas of the cultured quartz stone by X-ray topography, cutting seed plates for the next generation of crystal growth from the dislocation-free areas of the cultured quartz stone, growing dislocation free quartz from said seed plates using conventional growth techniques, and cutting dislocation-free quartz resonator blanks from said dislocation-free quartz.

Abstract: A large excess of lithium iodide in solution is used as an electrolyte adive to provide overcharge protection for a lithium rechargeable organic electrolyte battery.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for hydrothermal growing of high perfection quartz by continuously filtering contaminant particles in a separate filter vessel. The filter vessel is attached to the autoclave in which the quartz is grown. Mineralizer is continuously circulated through the filter vessel during the growth process to remove acmite and other contaminants which contribute to etch imperfections and inclusions in the resulting grown quartz.

Abstract: A circular symmetrical dielectric antenna structure and feed arrangement provide an omni-directional radiation pattern. The antenna includes a linear dielectric feed section, an integral radiating section having a taper which decreases outwardly, and an excitation means coupling millimeter wave energy to the feed section. The entire structure is circularly symmetrical about a central longitudinal axis. A first embodiment is in the form of a longitudinal dielectric rod having a uniform diameter at the feed and with circular periodically spaced corrugations at the radiating end. A tapered intermediate section has grooves of increasing depth, with the depth being constant at the remainder of the radiating end. A circular waveguide couples energy to a tapered dielectric transition section to provide excitation to the uniform feed end. A second embodiment is in the form of a flat circular disk having tapered radiating ends. A central metal cap limits radiation from the top surface.

Abstract: A narrow, high energy, electron beam is caused to impinge upon an integrated circuit. The accelerating voltage of the electron beam is increased in incremental steps (3 or more) so that the electrons penetrate into the film and then into the substrate. The transmitted electrons interact with the film and substrate materials to generate distinct X-rays. The relative X-ray intensities of the film material to that of the substrate material is utilized to determine the film thickness.